Notes

To prevent Microfiber All-Optical Cycle Modulator with regard to Fiber Optic Hydrophone.
We conclude that MEK1/2 inhibition may be a promising approach to suppress ovarian cancer growth as a maintenance therapy. Promotion of stem-like properties upon MEK1/2 inhibition suggests a possible mechanism of resistance, so a combination with CSC-targeting drugs should be considered.Methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity is a major environmental concern. In the aquatic reservoir, MeHg bioaccumulates along the food chain until it is consumed by riverine populations. There has been much interest in the neurotoxicity of MeHg due to recent environmental disasters. Studies have also addressed the implications of long-term MeHg exposure for humans. The central nervous system is particularly susceptible to the deleterious effects of MeHg, as evidenced by clinical symptoms and histopathological changes in poisoned humans. In vitro and in vivo studies have been crucial in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying MeHg-induced neurotoxicity. A collection of cellular and molecular alterations including cytokine release, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, Ca2+ and glutamate dyshomeostasis, and cell death mechanisms are important consequences of brain cells exposure to MeHg. The purpose of this review is to organize an overview of the mercury cycle and MeHg poisoning events and to summarize data from cellular, animal, and human studies focusing on MeHg effects in neurons and glial cells. This review proposes an up-to-date compendium that will serve as a starting point for further studies and a consultation reference of published studies.Although there has been extensive research on the corporate social responsibility (CSR)-performance link, full understanding is still elusive. A possible reason for this is the limited understanding of the underlying processes that affect the relationship. Grounded in institutional theory, which emphasizes the importance of micro-level intermediating processes (e.g., employees' perceptions and attitudes) to explain a macro-level association (i.e., CSR to organizational performance), we built a moderated mediation model where (i) organization commitment mediated the influence of CSR on organizational performance, and (ii) an employee's prosocial motivation moderated the relationship between CSR and organizational commitment. Using three-wave time-lagged survey data obtained from 302 Korean workers, we found that organizational commitment is an important micro-level process in the CSR-performance link, and that the level of an employee's prosocial motivation can positively moderate that link. We discuss theoretical and practical implications, along with limitations and future research directions.The transportation system has evolved into a complex cyber-physical system with the introduction of wireless communication and the emergence of connected travelers and connected automated vehicles. Such applications create an urgent need to develop high-fidelity transportation modeling tools that capture the mutual interaction of the communication and transportation systems. This paper addresses this need by developing a high-fidelity, large-scale dynamic and integrated traffic and direct cellullar vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure (collectively known as V2X) modeling tool. The unique contributions of this work are (1) we developed a scalable implementation of the analytical communication model that captures packet movement at the millisecond level; (2) we coupled the communication and traffic simulation models in real-time to develop a fully integrated dynamic connected vehicle modeling tool; and (3) we developed scalable approaches that adjust the frequency of model coupling depending on the number of concurrent vehicles in the network. The proposed scalable modeling framework is demonstrated by running on the Los Angeles downtown network considering the morning peak hour traffic demand (145,000 vehicles), running faster than real-time on a regular personal computer (1.5 h to run 1.86 h of simulation time). Spatiotemporal estimates of packet delivery ratios for downtown Los Angeles are presented. This novel modeling framework provides a breakthrough in the development of urgently needed tools for large-scale testing of direct (C-V2X) enabled applications.In the United States, overweight/obesity is more prevalent among those with low-income; higher income is related to greater leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), which are inversely related to overweight/obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the role of LTPA and SB simultaneously in the income-overweight/obesity relationship. Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2014) were utilized (n = 10,348 non-older adults (aged 20-59 years)). A multiple mediator structural equation model was conducted to evaluate the indirect effects from income to overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m2) through LTPA and SB simultaneously, controlling for confounding variables, including diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption. As expected, greater income was negatively associated with overweight/obesity. Income indirectly influenced overweight/obesity through LTPA (Indirect effect B = -0.005; CI = -0.01, -0.003), and through SB (Indirect effect B = 0.008; CI = 0.005, 0.01), in opposing directions. Torkinib in vitro The direct effect from income to overweight/obesity remained statistically significant. LTPA partially accounted for the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity; SB reduced the strength of the negative relationship between income and overweight/obesity. Targeted behavior approaches for weight management may be beneficial. Increasing LTPA among adults with lower income and decreasing SB among adults with higher income may provide some overweight/obesity protection.Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a constellation of social deficits and repetitive sensory-motor behaviours. Aquatic therapy (AT) may be effective in improving the social interactions and behaviours in children with ASD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an AT program on social competence and quality of life and to understand participant's experiences related to the intervention by obtaining qualitative data. A mixed methods intervention study was conducted among 6 children with ASD and their parents, with two research phases in a concurrent embedded design (an aquatic intervention as the quantitative design and a qualitative design in second step). The intervention and qualitative design followed international guidelines and were integrated into the method and reporting subheadings. Significant improvement was observed in the physical competence (p = 0.026) and important improvements in school functioning and aquatic skills, with no adverse events. Qualitative findings described the meaning of AT intervention, patterns of behaviour and activities changes, social communication and social interaction. The aquatic intervention showed positive results for the social and physical competence, with elements of discordance, expansion, and confirmation between quantitative and qualitative results.We welcome the updated systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies of mobile phone use and cancer by Choi et al [...].Brine discharge of reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants represents a challenge for both inland and coastal desalination plants. Zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) can be accomplished by using additional stages of RO, which can recycle that brine water, but the key challenge is the high concentration of divalent salts. These divalent salts (especially calcium and magnesium salts) forms a scaling layer on the RO membrane surfaces and hence shorten the life-time of the membranes. In this study, the nanofiltration (NF) procedure was used to remove divalent ions from the brine discharge to minimize the load on additional stages of RO membranes. One of the most critical considerations influencing the selection of an effective NF is the water type, which is expected here by calculation of some hydrochemical parameters (major ions, hypothetical soluble salts (electrolyte), and saturation indices). NF experiments were undertaken on a lab-scale using a low-pressure hand-made system of 4-7 bar. Synthetic single salts solutions and two real brine water discharge (brackish (BWRO) and seawater (SWRO) desalination plants) were used as a feed solution for NF system. The chemical characteristics of the RO-feed, RO-brine, NF-permeate, and NF-reject in were investigated. Electrolyte concentrations and saturation indices were determined based on the concentration of the major ions and the NETPATH software package, respectively. Calculations reveal that the brine concentrate samples contained mostly MgSO4 and MgCl2 soluble salts. The results show that 79-89% of the total dissolved salts (TDS) and 96-98% of the total hardness (TH) were retained using the NF process. The salt rejection of the NF membrane follows the order of CaSO4, Na2SO4, MgSO4, MgCl2, and NaCl with a percent of 97.4, 97.3, 95.2, 93.4, and 79%, respectively.Relapse in the seeking and intake of cocaine is one of the main challenges when treating its addiction. Among the triggering factors for the recurrence of cocaine use are the re-exposure to the drug and stressful events. Cocaine relapse engages the activity of memory-related nuclei, such as the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), which are responsible for emotional and episodic memories. Moreover, D3 receptor (D3R) antagonists have recently arisen as a potential treatment for preventing drug relapse. Thus, we have assessed the impact of D3R blockade in the expression of some dopaminergic markers and the activity of the mTOR pathway, which is modulated by D3R, in the BLA and DG during the reinstatement of cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) evoked by drug priming and social stress. Reinstatement of cocaine CPP paralleled an increasing trend in D3R and dopamine transporter (DAT) levels in the BLA. Social stress, but not drug-induced reactivation of cocaine memories, was prevented by systemic administration of SB-277011-A (a selective D3R antagonist), which was able, however, to impede D3R and DAT up-regulation in the BLA during CPP reinstatement evoked by both stress and cocaine. Concomitant with cocaine CPP reactivation, a diminution in mTOR phosphorylation (activation) in the BLA and DG occurred, which was inhibited by D3R blockade in both nuclei before the social stress episode and only in the BLA when CPP reinstatement was provoked by a cocaine prime. Our data, while supporting a main role for D3R signalling in the BLA in the reactivation of cocaine memories evoked by social stress, indicate that different neural circuits and signalling mechanisms might mediate in the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behaviours depending upon the triggering stimuli.The aim of the present work was to evaluate high-strength bolt corrosion fatigue based on metallographic examinations. The conducted tests were focused on the analysis of damaged martensitic bolts. It was found that the combined presence of cyclic loads and a corrosive environment was the cause of the accelerated fatigue of the fastening bolts. The tests carried out indicate that the actual operating conditions were different than expected. The corrosion contributed to the loosening of the bolts and initiation of fatigue cracks in the bolt threads. Further damage of the galvanized bolts was caused by fatigue crack growth in their threaded part that propagated towards the centre of the material. Cracks in the zinc coating were transferred to the steel substrate. The corrosion was favored by the oxygen concentration cell and numerous radial cracks appear in the zinc coating. The vibrations accompanying the operation of the wind tower led to their further propagation and the formation of the fatigue fracture in one of the bolts.
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