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Efficient Hang-up associated with Newly Surfaced A/H7N9 Computer virus together with Oligonucleotides Geared to Maintained Aspects of the Virus Genome.
This publisher's note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.45, 77 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.45.000077.Phase birefringence in optical fibers typically fluctuates over their length due to geometrical imperfections induced from the drawing process or during installation. Currently commercially available fibers exhibit remarkably low birefringence, prompting a high standard for characterization methods. In this work, we detail a method that uses chirped-pulse phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry to directly measure position-resolved linear birefringence of single-mode optical fibers. selleck The technique is suitable for fiber characterization over lengths of tens of kilometers, relying on a fast measurement ($ sim 1,, rm s $∼1s) with single-ended access to the fiber. The proposed method is experimentally validated with three different commercial single-mode optical fibers.We consider an optomechanical (OM) system that consists of a mechanical and an optical mode interacting through linear and quadratic OM dispersive couplings. The system is operated in unresolved sideband limit with a high quality factor mechanical resonator. Such a system acts as a parametrically driven oscillator, giving access to an intensity-assisted tunability of the spring constant. This enables the operation of the OM system in its "soft mode," wherein the mechanical spring softens and responds with a lower resonance frequency. We show that this soft mode can be exploited to nonlinearize backaction noise, which yields higher force sensitivity beyond the conventional standard quantum limit.The conventional computer-generated hologram reconstructing photorealistic three-dimensional (3D) images based on ray-wavefront conversion has the disadvantage of spatio-angular resolution trade-off. In this Letter, we propose for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a computer-generated photorealistic hologram without spatio-angular resolution trade-off based on the additive compressive light field (CLF) approach. The original light field is compressed into multiple layer images through numerical optimization based on the additive light field principle. Then, by independently calculating the wave propagation from each layer image to the hologram plane and adding them together, a CLF hologram is generated. Since the CLF information is presented through a holographic method, the advantage of high resolution in CLF is preserved while the limitation of the number of physically stacked layers (such as liquid crystal displays) is removed, leading to higher quality, larger depth of field, and higher brightness compared with a conventional CLF display. The proposed method is verified with a photorealistic optical experiment.The depth of focus (DOF) indicates the tolerance of the imaging displacement. The axial long-focal-depth is significant in practical applications, including optical imaging and communication. The importance of extending the DOF is rapidly growing with the advance of metasurface lenses. Angular modulation, as a promising way to extend the DOF, offers an additional degree of freedom to improve the imaging quality. Here we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate an angular modulated metasurface lens for extended DOF imaging by means of applying the geometrical phase. Unlike previous studies of the geometrical phase, which is sensitive to the polarity of circular polarization incidence, the polarity of circular polarization independence and broadband characteristic of angular modulation yield the potential of robust and efficient extension of the DOF imaging, thus providing novel opportunities for highly integrated optical circuits.We report on single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) operation of a low-threshold optical parametric oscillator, with a 17 nm tunability near 2 µm. The oscillator uses a MgOPPLN crystal in Type 0 quasi-phase-matching configuration, pumped by a 1.064 µm SLM laser. Despite the huge acceptance bandwidth near-degeneracy of MgOPPLN, spectral selection down to a SLM is achieved by combining a volume Bragg reflector and Vernier filtering in nested signal and idler cavities. Tunability over 17 nm is demonstrated owing to a transverse chirp of the grating period of the Bragg reflector.We demonstrate supercontinuum generation over an octave spaning from 1055 to 2155 nm on the highly nonlinear aluminum gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)-on-insulator platform. This is enabled by the generation of two dispersive waves in a 3-mm-long dispersion-engineered nano-waveguide. The waveguide is pumped at telecom wavelengths (1555 nm) with 3.6 pJ femtosecond pulses. We experimentally validate the coherence of the generated supercontinuum around the pump wavelength (1450-1750 nm), and our numerical simulation shows a high degree of coherence over the full spectrum.An all-solid transverse Anderson localizing optical fiber (TALOF) was fabricated using a novel combination of the stack-and-draw and molten core methods. Strong Anderson localization is observed in multiple regions of the fiber cross section associated with the higher index strontium aluminosilicate phases randomly arranged within a pure silica matrix. Further, to the best of our knowledge, nonlinear four-wave mixing is reported for the first time in a TALOF.In gradient-based optimization of photonic devices, within the overall design parameter space, one iteratively performs a line search in a one-dimensional subspace as spanned by the search direction. While the search direction can be efficiently determined with the adjoint variable method, there has not been an efficient algorithm that determines the optimal learning rate that controls the distance one moves along the search direction. Here we introduce an efficient algorithm of determining the optimal learning rate, using the Shanks transformation in the Lippmann-Schwinger formalism. Our approach can determine very accurately the optimal learning rates at each epoch, with only a modest increase of computational cost. We show that this approach can significantly improve the figure of merits of the final structure, as compared to conventional methods for estimating the learning rate.BACKGROUND The coatomer protein complex subunit beta 2 (COPB2) gene is upregulated and promotes cell proliferation in some cancer cells. This study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA) targeting by COPB2 gene expression in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, including NCI-H1975 cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS COPB2 expression in normal human bronchial epithelial cells and lung adenocarcinoma cells was measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot. NCI-H1975 human lung adenocarcinoma cells were transfected with short-interfering COPB2 (siCOPB2). Cell apoptosis and cell proliferation were evaluated by flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, respectively. The transwell assay evaluated cell migration. Targeting of miR-335-3p by COPB2 was predicted using TargetScan 7.2 and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter assay in NCI-H1975 cells. MiR-335-3p mimics were transfected into NCI-H1975 cells. The further functional analysis included detection of protein expression for cyclin D1, tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), Bcl-2, and Bax, to verify the role of miR-335-3p targeting by COPB2 in lung adenocarcinoma cells. RESULTS COPB2 was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma cells and was a direct target of miR-335-3p mimics. COPB2 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis, inhibited cell migration and proliferation in NCI-H1975 cells. The effects of COPB2 knockdown on NCI-H1975 cells were increased by miR-335-3p mimics, which also further reduced the expression levels of cyclin D1, MMP9, and Bcl-2 and further increased TIMP-1 and Bax by siCOPB2. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that COPB2 was the functional target of miR-335-3p in NCI-H1975 human adenocarcinoma cells.BACKGROUND In a recent Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) surveillance report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Miami-Dade County had the nation's fourth-highest rate of infectious syphilis, with rates of congenital syphilis on the rise. As a public health response, Homestead Hospital (HH), in collaboration with the Florida Department of Health, enhanced their emergency department's (ED's) routine HIV/HCV "opt-out" screening infrastructure to include a syphilis smart screening algorithm. The purpose of this article is to describe the development, implementation, and evaluation of the algorithm. METHODS A retrospective evaluation of patient records prompted the development of the algorithm. HH's electronic health record (EHR) system automatically triggers a syphilis test based on the reason for medical visit (e.g., rash, penile discharge, a positive pregnancy test, historical or present STD result). If a patient tests positive, they are counseled and linked to care. RESULTS Since implementation (April 2018 to August 2019), the smart screening algorithm triggered 4,806 syphilis tests 122 patients tested positive (2.5% seropositivity). After confirmatory testing, 59 patients were positive for syphilis, of which 27 were pregnant. CONCLUSIONS The HH and DOH-Miami-Dade's response to Miami-Dade County's syphilis problem is innovative and replicable. The program embraces technology, enhances the routine "opt-out" screening model, and does not affect pre-existing workflows. Ultimately, implementation of this algorithm allows patients to get treatment, receive comprehensive prevention services, and, in some cases, avert congenital syphilis.BACKGROUND Studies on Chlamydia trachomatis associated pregnancy outcomes are largely conflicting, ignoring the heterogeneous natures of pregnancy complications and potential effect modification by maternal age. This study determined if prenatal Chlamydia trachomatis infection is associated with preterm birth (PTB) and preeclampsia subtypes. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 22,772 singleton pregnancies with a prenatal C. trachomatis diagnostic test. Spontaneous and medically indicated preterm births, term and preterm preeclampsia were outcomes. Modified Poisson regression calculated relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with propensity score adjustments stratified by maternal age less then 25 and ≥25. RESULTS Overall, C. trachomatis was significantly associated with term preeclampsia (RRadj=1.88 95% CI 1.38-2.57). Among young women (age less then 25), C. trachomatis was significantly associated with medically indicated preterm birth (RRadj=2.29 CI 95% 1.38-3.78) and term preeclampsia (RRadj=1.57 CI 95% 1.05-2.36) in propensity adjusted models. link2 No significant associations in older women were detected. CONCLUSION C. trachomatis was associated with medically indicated preterm birth and term preeclampsia in young women. link3 Associations between chlamydia and perinatal outcomes may depend on the subtype of preterm birth and preeclampsia, which should be investigated through mechanistic studies.Urogenital and rectal specimens collected from the 'IWantTheKit' internet-based STI screening program were evaluated for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Of 881 paired specimens submitted from August 2013-December 2016, 15.0% (n=132) tested positive for one or more STIs, of which 50.8% (n=67) were identified exclusively through rectal testing.
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