Notes

On the acknowledgement of the long ignored Vitis adenoclada Hand.-Mazz. (Vitaceae) via southern Tiongkok.
The feature representation-based TL showed improved accuracy in both 30 and 90 s cases (i.e., 30 s 81.27% and 90 s 76.73%). Notably, the classification-based TL method achieved the highest accuracy of 95.81% using the pre-trained convolutional neural network (CNN) model with the 30 s interval functional connectivity map input.

The results indicate that a 30 s measurement of the resting-state with fNIRS could be used to detect MCI. Moreover, the combination of neuroimaging (e.g., functional connectivity maps) and deep learning methods (e.g., CNN and TL) can be considered as novel biomarkers for clinical computer-assisted MCI diagnosis.
The results indicate that a 30 s measurement of the resting-state with fNIRS could be used to detect MCI. Moreover, the combination of neuroimaging (e.g., functional connectivity maps) and deep learning methods (e.g., CNN and TL) can be considered as novel biomarkers for clinical computer-assisted MCI diagnosis.
Cognitive profiles characterized by primarily language or visuospatial deficits have been documented in individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for probable Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their association with progression rate or overall survival is not well described.

To compare time from diagnosis to severe disease stage and death in probable AD patients classified into three groups based on neuropsychological test performance marked verbal impairment (Verb-PI) with relatively preserved visuospatial function, marked visuospatial impairment with preserved verbal function (Vis-PI), and balanced verbal and visuospatial impairments (Bal-PI).

This prospective cohort study included 540 probable AD patients attending an academic memory clinic who were enrolled from 1995-2013 and followed annually. Eligible individuals had a Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) score ≥10 at baseline, and at least one annual follow up visit. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to analyze the association of cognitive profiles with time to decline in MMSE and CDR Global Score.

Sixty-one (11.3%) individuals had a Verb-PI profile, 86 (16%) had a Vis-PI profile, and 393 (72.8%) a Bal-PI profile. MMSE decline to <10 was faster in Verb-PI than Vis-PI (HR 2.004, 95%CI, 1.062-3.780; p = 0.032). Progression to CDR-GS = 3 was faster in Verb-PI individuals compared to Bal-PI (HR 1.604, 95%CI, 1.022-2.515; p = 0.040) or Vis-PI (HR 2.388, 95%CI, 1.330-4.288; p = 0.004) individuals. Baseline cognitive profile did not affect mortality.

A recognition of different AD profiles may help to personalize care by providing a better understanding of pathogenesis and expected progression.
A recognition of different AD profiles may help to personalize care by providing a better understanding of pathogenesis and expected progression.
Very few studies have investigated the association between total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) and depressive symptoms in older Hispanics.

To test the hypothesis that high tHcy associate with depressive symptoms in older Hispanics.

A total of 1,418 participants .55 years old from the Maracaibo Aging Study (MAS) underwent standardized neurological, neuropsychiatric, and cardiovascular assessments. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory Depression Subscale (NPId) was used to assess the burden of depressive symptoms. The tHcy levels and other biochemical parameters in blood samples were measured. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied.

Participants with depressive symptoms had higher levels of tHcy than those without (15.1 versus 13.9 µmol/L; p = 0.009). Elevated tHcy levels were associated with depressive symptoms after adjusting for age, sex, education, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, alcohol intake, stroke, and dementia (OR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.10-2.21).

Elevated levels of tHcy level were associated with depressive symptoms in older Hispanics living under the nutritional and environmental conditions of a developing country.
Elevated levels of tHcy level were associated with depressive symptoms in older Hispanics living under the nutritional and environmental conditions of a developing country.
Red blood cells (RBCs) contain the majority of α-synuclein (α-syn) in blood, representing an interesting model for studying the peripheral pathological alterations proved in neurodegeneration.

The current study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of total α-syn, amyloid-β (Aβ1-42), tau, and their heteroaggregates in RBCs of Lewy body dementia (LBD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients compared to healthy controls (HC).

By the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, RBCs concentrations of total α-syn, Aβ1-42, tau, and their heteroaggregates (α-syn/Aβ1-42 and α-syn/tau) were measured in 27 individuals with LBD (Parkinson's disease dementia, n = 17; dementia with Lewy bodies, n = 10), 51 individuals with AD (AD dementia, n = 37; prodromal AD, n = 14), and HC (n = 60).

The total α-syn and tau concentrations as well as α-syn/tau heterodimers were significantly lower in the LBD group and the AD group compared with HC, whereas α-syn/Aβ1-42 concentrations were significantly lower in the AD dementia group only. RBC α-syn/tau heterodimers had a higher diagnostic accuracy for differentiating patients with LBD versus HC (AUROC = 0.80).

RBC α-syn heteromers may be useful for differentiating between neurodegenerative dementias (LBD and AD) and HC. In particular, RBC α-syn/tau heterodimers have demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for differentiating LBD from HC. However, they are not consistently different between LBD and AD. Our findings also suggest that α-syn, Aβ1-42, and tau interact in vivo to promote the aggregation and accumulation of each other.
RBC α-syn heteromers may be useful for differentiating between neurodegenerative dementias (LBD and AD) and HC. In particular, RBC α-syn/tau heterodimers have demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for differentiating LBD from HC. read more However, they are not consistently different between LBD and AD. Our findings also suggest that α-syn, Aβ1-42, and tau interact in vivo to promote the aggregation and accumulation of each other.
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