Notes

Habits regarding Maxillofacial Injuries in the Middle Eastern along with Upper Africa: An organized Assessment.
We constructed a homoeologous recombination-based bin map of wheat chromosome 7B, providing a unique physical framework for further study of chromosome 7B and its homoeologues in wheat and its relatives. Homoeologous recombination leads to the dissection and diversification of the wheat genome. Advances in genome sequencing and genotyping have dramatically improved the efficacy and throughput of homoeologous recombination-based genome studies and alien introgression in wheat and its relatives. check details In this study, we aimed to physically dissect and map wheat chromosome 7B by inducing meiotic recombination of chromosome 7B with its homoeologues 7E in Thinopyrum elongatum and 7S in Aegilops speltoides. The special genotypes, which were double monosomic for chromosomes 7B' + 7E' or 7B' + 7S' and homozygous for the ph1b mutant, were produced to enhance 7B - 7E and 7B - 7S recombination. Chromosome-specific DNA markers were developed and used to pre-screen the large recombination populations for 7B - 7E and 7B - 7S reluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). In total, 29 7B - 7E and 61 7B - 7S recombinants and multiple chromosome aberrations were recovered and delineated by GISH and the wheat 90 K SNP assay. Integrated GISH and SNP analysis of the recombinants physically mapped the recombination breakpoints and partitioned wheat chromosome 7B into 44 bins with 523 SNPs assigned within. A composite bin map was constructed for chromosome 7B, showing the bin size and physical distribution of SNPs. This provides a unique physical framework for further study of chromosome 7B and its homoeologues. In addition, the 7B - 7E and 7B - 7S recombinants extend the genetic variability of wheat chromosome 7B and represent useful germplasm for wheat breeding. Thereby, this genomics-enabled chromosome engineering approach facilitates wheat genome study and enriches the gene pool of wheat improvement.
To assess the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) and contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) for differentiation between benign and malignant solid renal masses, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) subtypes, oncocytomas, and lipid-poor angiomyolipomas (LP-AML).

Minimum or lowest 'apparent diffusion coefficient' (ADC
) and representative ADC values (ADC
) of 112 renal masses (n 46 benign renal mass, n 66 malignant renal mass) were measured on DW-MRI images (b 50, 400, 800s/mm
). Signal intensity (SI) measurements were performed in normal renal parenchyma and most avid enhanced area of the renal masses at precontrast, corticomedullary, and nephrographic phases on CE-MRI. Contrast enhancement rate (CER) and contrast enhancement index (CEI) values of renal masses were compared between benign-malignant renal masses and RCC subtypes, oncocytomas, and LP-AMLs.

There was no significant difference between ADC
, ADC
values, and SI of benign and malignant renal masses (p = 0.721, p = 0.255, p = 0.872). Mean ADC
and ADC
values of clear cell RCCs were significantly higher than nonclear cell RCCs (p = 0.005 p = 0.002). Mean CER value of clear cell RCCs was significantly higher than nonclear cell RCCs in nephrographic phase (p = 0.003). Mean CEI values of clear cell RCCs were significantly higher than nonclear cell RCCs in the corticomedullary and nephrographic phase (p = 0.027 vs. 0.008). LP-AMLs were differentiated from other renal masses with wash-out phenomenon.

Combined usage of ADC, SI, CER, and CEI values may be useful for discrimination between RCC subtypes, oncocytomas, and lipid-poor AMLs.
Combined usage of ADC, SI, CER, and CEI values may be useful for discrimination between RCC subtypes, oncocytomas, and lipid-poor AMLs.
To investigate the role of kinetic parameters of primary tumor derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in predicting pelvic lymph node metastasis (PLNM) in patients with cervical cancer.

66 women with newly diagnosed cervical cancer were included between July 2017 and August 2019. All patients had a FIGO stage IB-IIA cancer and treated with hysterectomy and bilateral lymphadenectomy. Kinetic parameters of the primary tumor were derived from DCE-MRI data. The tumor diameter, ADC value, kinetic parameters, and nodal short-axis diameter were compared between patients with or without PLNM. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors for PLNM and receiver operator characteristic curve was used to evaluate the predictive performance.

There were 20 patients with PLNM and 46 patients without PLNM. Tumor diameter, the efflux rate constant (K
), and nodal short-axis diameter were significantly higher in patients with PLNM (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that K
and short-axis diameter were independent predictors for PLNM. Combining K
and nodal short-axis diameter yielded the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.839. Combined with K
, the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of nodal short-axis diameter increased from 0.500, 0.957, 0.815, and 0.833 to 0.600, 0.978, 0.923, and 0.849, respectively. With 1.113 min
as threshold, the sensitivity and specificity values of K
in predicting PLNM in patients with normal-sized lymph nodes were 0.909 and 0.667, respectively.

K
of primary tumor can be used as a surrogate marker to predict PLNM in cervical cancer.
Kep of primary tumor can be used as a surrogate marker to predict PLNM in cervical cancer.
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCF) are a common injury among older patients. The optimal treatment option (operative or conservative) is still discussed. The literature describes areduced mortality following operative augmentation of VCF compared to conservative treatment. We examined our orthogeriatric patient cohort to find out whether there is a positive correlation between surgical treatment of VCF and the survival rate.

We performed an assessment of all patients with an osteoporotic spinal fracture who were treated on an orthogeriatric care unit due to VCF between 1 February 2014 and 31 January 2015. The treatment associated-mortality was examined in a2-year follow-up, with a special focus on the influence of the treatment.

Atotal of 74patients (74% follow-up) with an average age of 83.2 years were included, 40 having been treated conservatively and 34 surgically. Overall, the 1‑year and 2‑year mortalities were 29.7% and 35.1%, respectively. Surgical treatment was associated with 1‑year and 2‑year mortalities of 20.
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