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Child In-Hospital Strokes International Pc registry (PACHIN): standard protocol for any potential global multicenter sign up associated with stroke in kids.
BACKGROUND Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) sometimes has no specific symptoms and is difficult to differentiate from other forms of headache. CASE PRESENTATION A woman in her thirties had a severe, throbbing left-sided headache. A migraine without aura was suspected and zolmitriptan was administered, which alleviated the symptoms. The woman was consequently deemed to have a migraine without aura. Despite the lack of abnormal neurological findings and showed no abnormalities on cranial computed tomography, her symptoms were not typical for migraines and showed little improvement with therapy. She therefore underwent a cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination, which revealed VAD, for which she was transferred to the department of neurosurgery for conservative treatment. CONCLUSION The possibility of vertebral artery dissection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of severe secondary headaches, and prompt diagnosis and treatment based on detailed MRI and magnetic resonance angiography examinations should be performed.BACKGROUND The main purposes of awake craniotomy are to minimize postoperative brain dysfunction caused by the surgical procedure and to maximize the tumor resection range. In awake craniotomy, it is important to have a good quality of awakening and to obtain patient's obedience in the awake phase. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was a 75-year-old woman with an advanced hearing impairment who was scheduled for awake craniotomy. We used a bone conduction voice amplifier before and during the awake phase and communicated with the patient smoothly. CONCLUSIONS We were able to complete awake craniotomy fully, and overcoming the deafness problem might have contributed to the patient's good outcome. This case report indicates that awake craniotomy can be performed in a patient with an advanced hearing impairment under the condition of careful anesthetic management.Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in Fig. 1b and c. A black bar and arrows were added.BACKGROUND Status epilepticus requires immediate treatment because treatment delay can cause permanent neurologic complications. Dexmedetomidine may be an option for the treatment of status epilepticus although its effect remains unclear with conflicting reports. CASE PRESENTATION A 64-year-old woman with epilepsy with complex partial seizures underwent total knee arthroplasty. After emergence from general anesthesia, she developed status epilepticus and was transferred to the intensive care unit. Following initial treatment using benzodiazepines, phenytoin, and levetiracetam, dexmedetomidine (0.37 μg/kg loading in 10 min followed by 0.6 μg/kg/h) was administered and seizures terminated in 20 min. Color density spectral array using Root® with SedLine® (Masimo, Irvine, CA, USA) showed an increase in power in high frequency band of the electroencephalogram during the seizure attacks. CONCLUSION We described a case of status epilepticus which was treated with dexmedetomidine and monitored using color density spectral array.A central function of adipose tissue is in the management of systemic energy homeostasis that is achieved through the co-ordinated regulation of energy storage and mobilization, adipokine release, and immune functions. With the dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and obesity-related metabolic disease over the past 30 years, there has been extensive interest in targeting adipose tissue for therapeutic benefit. However, in order for this goal to be achieved it is essential to establish a comprehensive atlas of adipose tissue cellular composition and define mechanisms of intercellular communication that mediate pathologic and therapeutic responses. see more While traditional methods, such as fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and genetic lineage tracing, have greatly advanced the field, these approaches are inherently limited by the choice of markers and the ability to comprehensively identify and characterize dynamic interactions among stromal cells within the tissue microenvironment. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) has emerged as a powerful tool for deconvolving cellular heterogeneity and holds promise for understanding the development and plasticity of adipose tissue under normal and pathological conditions. scRNAseq has recently been used to characterize adipose stem cell (ASC) populations and has provided new insights into subpopulations of macrophages that arise during anabolic and catabolic remodeling in white adipose tissue. The current review summarizes recent findings that use this technology to explore adipose tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.OBJECTIVE Reliable change methods can aid neuropsychologists in understanding if performance differences over time represent clinically meaningful change or reflect benefit from practice. The current study sought to externally validate the previously published standardized regression-based (SRB) prediction equations developed by Duff for commonly administered cognitive measures. METHOD This study applied Duff's SRB prediction equations to an independent sample of community-dwelling participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) assessed twice over a 1-week period. A comparison of MCI subgroups (e.g., single v. multi domain) on the amount of change observed over 1 week was also examined. RESULTS Using pairwise t-tests, large and statistically significant improvements were observed on most measures across 1 week. However, the observed follow-up scores were consistently below expectation compared with predictions based on Duff's SRB algorithms. In individual analyses, a greater percentage of MCI participants showed smaller-than-expected practice effects based on normal distributions. In secondary analyses, smaller-than-expected practice effects were observed in participants with worse baseline memory impairment and a greater number of impaired cognitive domains, particularly for measures of executive functioning/speeded processing. CONCLUSIONS These findings help to further support the validity of Duff's 1-week SRB prediction equations in MCI samples and extend previous research by showing incrementally smaller-than-expected benefit from practice for increasingly impaired amnestic MCI subtypes. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail [email protected].
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