Notes

Childhood Irradiation-Induced Hypoplasia along with Impairment involving Neurogenesis within the Dentate Gyrus and also Grownup Major depression Are generally Mediated by simply MicroRNA- 34a-5p/T-Cell Intracytoplasmic Antigen-1 Process.
Men and women significantly differed with regards to mean total symphysis height (
 = 0.004) and the distribution of Cawood and Howell classifications (
 = 0.033). Symphysis height was negatively correlated with mean density of cancellous bone (r = -0.453,
 < 0.001). Mean lingual cortical thickness significantly differed from mean vestibular thickness (
 < 0.001, paired Student's t-test).

Present findings supported that symphyseal measurements are parameters that reflect the symphysis bone characteristics, and can guide the choice of a suitable implant design.
Present findings supported that symphyseal measurements are parameters that reflect the symphysis bone characteristics, and can guide the choice of a suitable implant design.
Patients with severe dementia require intravenous sedation during dental treatment. However, few reports have compared the outcomes of intravenous sedation management among sedatives. Intravenous sedation in the elderly with severe dementia undergoing dental treatment was evaluated retrospectively.

Patients' characteristics and type of dementia were obtained from medical records. Midazolam (MID), dexmedetomidine (DEX), and propofol (PRO) were administered as sedatives. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), heart rate (HR), SpO
, bispectral index (BIS) values and complications were evaluated.

Nineteen patients with severe dementia who underwent 62 instances of sedation were included. There was no difference in patient background between sedatives. The sedation time and permission time to return home were significantly longer in DEX than in MID or PRO group. Half the usual dose in MID and lower limits of the routine dose was effective in DEX and PRO. HR was significantly lower in DEX group. There were 3 cases with airway obstruction requiring nasopharyngeal airway and 4 cases of apnea when MID was administered. LY364947 cell line Two cases of Cheyne-Stokes-like respiration when MID or DEX was administered. SpO
<94% was found in 22 cases (35%) irrespective of the sedative. A patient with dementia with Lewy bodies had experienced hallucinations during the recovery period after sedation when MID or DEX was administered. The BIS value of ≤80 was noted during complications.

Intravenous sedation for dental treatment in the elderly with severe dementia, needs a dose titration. All sedatives had respiratory-related complications which mandate close monitoring.
Intravenous sedation for dental treatment in the elderly with severe dementia, needs a dose titration. All sedatives had respiratory-related complications which mandate close monitoring.
Bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid, is a recently developed medical material for the management of pain caused by oral mucositis associated with cancer radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this liquid in relieving pain resulting from radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer.

This randomized, crossover trial investigated the analgesic effects of bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid using dexamethasone ointment as a control. Fifteen patients with mild or moderate pain due to radiation-induced oral mucositis were randomly assigned to two groups. Group A applied dexamethasone ointment once on day 1, had a wash-out period on day 2, and used bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid once on day 3. Conversely, group B used bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid on day 1, had a wash-out period on day 2, and applied dexamethasone ointment once on day 3. The effectiveness in relieving pain was compared between the two groups.

One patient reported nausea immediately after the application of bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid and was therefore excluded from the analysis. Dexamethasone ointment and bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid relieved pain in 85.7% and 71.4% patients, respectively (p = 0.682). Nine patients wished to continue dexamethasone ointment after the study, while only five wished to continue bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid.

Our findings suggest that the analgesic effect of bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid is comparable or inferior to that of dexamethasone ointment in patients with radiation-induced oral mucositis. Further studies are needed to verify these findings.
Our findings suggest that the analgesic effect of bioadhesive barrier-forming oral liquid is comparable or inferior to that of dexamethasone ointment in patients with radiation-induced oral mucositis. Further studies are needed to verify these findings.
One of the most complexes in root and canal anatomy is the maxillary first permanent molar. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of mesiobuccal (MB2) canal and its apical portals of exit, in patients belonging to different gender-age groups and determine the possible relation with sex and age.

A CBCT scan images were accessed from a documented database of 343 patients (178 male, 165 female), who had an oral and maxillofacial examination. The age of the patients ranging from 12 to 63 years. The frequency of the MB2 canal and its portals of exit apically were observed. Age and gender correlation were calculated using the χ2 test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.

A total of 634 maxillary first molars (335 male, 299 female) were included. The MB2 canal was found in 53.78% of the cases. A significantly higher incidence of the MB2 canal was detected in males than in females. No correlation in the presence and/or absence of the MB2 canal in terms of age. When MB2 canal present, a single apical foramen was observed in 66.28% of the cases, two apical foramina were present in 33.72% of the cases.

MB2 canals may be present in approximately half of the cases, from which one third of the cases have their own apical portal of exit.
MB2 canals may be present in approximately half of the cases, from which one third of the cases have their own apical portal of exit.
Widespread use of light-cured materials has raised the issue of possible thermal effects on pulp tissue. It was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of pulp capping materials (PCM) against intrapulpal temperature increases (ITI) in primary teeth during light-curing of compomers in this study.

A Class-I cavity was prepared on the primary mandibular second molar tooth. An experimental mechanism was used for pulpal microcirculation and temperature regulation of the tooth. There are eight groups in the study in Groups 1-6 MTA-Angelus, Biodentine, TheraCal LC, Dycal, conventional Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) and resin-modified GIC were used as PCM, respectively. In Group-7 no PCM was used. In Group-8 only light was applied to the cavity without any PCM or compomer. link2 Compomer restorations were applied in Groups 1-7 with the same material (Dyract XP, DENTSPLY, Weybridge, UK) and light cured for 10sec with the same light-curing unit (Kerr, Demi Plus, 1200 mW/cm2). Temperature changes (Δt) in the pulp chamber were measured and statistically analysed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests.

The highest Δt-value (4.57 ± 0.11 °C) was measured in Group-4 and 7. The lowest Δt-value (3.94 ± 0.4 °C) was measured in Group-8. Δt-values measured in the Groups 2, 3 and 6 were significantly lower than the values measured in Group-4 and 7 (p = 0.001). ITI during the light-curing of the PCM used in Group-3 and 6 exceeded the critical value (5.5 °C) reported in the literature.

In protecting the pulp from the harmful thermal effects of restorative procedures Biodentine which is a self-cured material, may be most acceptable choice as an indirect PCM.
In protecting the pulp from the harmful thermal effects of restorative procedures Biodentine which is a self-cured material, may be most acceptable choice as an indirect PCM.
Extraction of impacted mandibular third molar (MTM) is one of the most common procedures in clinical dental treatment; building a decision tree to perform MTM extraction can be prudent in alleviating periodontal diseases. This study is to review the latest research on the management of periodontal osseous defect (POD) after MTM extraction and rebuild a new clinical decision tree.

Current study was conducted according to PRISMA statement. Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched concerning treatment of MTM extraction up to Oct.2019. Three focused questions revolving around asymptomatic versus disease site, age, and necessity of ridge preservation after >6 months follow up will be answered.

A total of 7 studies were included for meta-analysis. Evidences were inadequate in regards to asymptomatic vs disease site of MTM extraction in the long-term follow-up. For patients with age <25 years, postoperative probing depth (PD) always remained at < 4 mm. However, for patients with age >25 years with initial PD > 7 mm, residual pockets still remained at 5 mm. For ridge preservation, significant positive effect in reduction of second molar distal site PD was observed, regardless of different biomaterials being placed (z = 4.69,
 < 0.00001).

Age is of utmost importance in preoperative evaluation during impacted MTM extraction. link3 The timing for ridge preservation is essential determinant for achieving optimal treatment outcome. The clinical decision tree as proposed could serve as guidance when dealing with POD after impacted MTM extraction.
Age is of utmost importance in preoperative evaluation during impacted MTM extraction. The timing for ridge preservation is essential determinant for achieving optimal treatment outcome. The clinical decision tree as proposed could serve as guidance when dealing with POD after impacted MTM extraction.
Dental students are exposed to highly stressful environments, making them high-risk for burnout and depression. This study intended to investigate the burnout and depression level in senior dental students in Korea.

We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire study among third- and fourth-year dental students enrolled at Seoul National University. Demographic data, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), dental education satisfaction, and counseling needs were measured. Statistical analyses included intergroup comparison of MBI subscales (emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA)) to identify the risk factors for burnout. Correlation analyses between MBI subscales and PHQ-9 were also conducted.

Among 112 students included in the study, 44.6% had high EE, 36.6% showed high DP, and 51.8% had low PA. There were 20 (17.9%) students who satisfied burnout criteria on all three subscales. There were 19 (17.0%) students with PHQ-9 scores .
The rapid maxillary expansion is accepted as the gold standard for the treatment of unilateral posterior crossbite in growing children. This study used cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to evaluate the effects of a modified asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion (ARME) appliance on the upper airway volumes.

A modified ARME appliance was used on 12 adolescent male patients (mean age 13.92 ± 0.82 years) with a class I skeletal relationship and posterior unilateral crossbite. Lateral cephalometric measurements and upper airway volume were evaluated using CBCT images. The posterior airway volumes of the oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways were measured.

Cephalometric measurements showed significant (P < 0.05) posterior rotation of the mandible. There was no significant movement of the maxilla according to the cranial base on the sagittal plane. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal airway volumes increased significantly (P < 0.05).

The results of this study demonstrate that treatment with the modified ARME has no significant effect on the maxilla but may increase the upper airway volume.
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