Notes

In-Plane Phonon Anisotropy as well as Anharmonicity throughout Exfoliated Normal Black Arsenic.
Activation of IL-6/STAT3 and NLRP3/IL-1β inflammatory pathways was also assessed. Levels of proliferation-related proteins of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway with c-myc, Cyclin-D1, and PCNA were detected.

EPA, superior to DHA, significantly attenuated DSS-induced colitis evidenced by reduced DAI scores, cytokine production and inflammatory cell infiltration. Mechanically, EPA triggered a marked up-regulation of Claudin-1 and Occludin with down-regulation of their up-stream Akt and ERK. EPA also inhibited NLRP3/IL-1β and IL-6/STAT3 inflammatory pathways and up-regulated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

EPA is more suitable to be used for the treatment of UC than DHA.
EPA is more suitable to be used for the treatment of UC than DHA.The development of lightweight and high-efficiency microwave absorption materials has attracted wide attention in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption. Herein, two kinds of petal-like Ni-based MOFs were grown on the surface of graphene nanosheets, and then pyrolyzed to obtain new microwave absorbers. The extraordinary microwave absorption performance mainly comes from the unique petal-like porous carbon framework of MOFs, the 3D conductive network formed by the connection of GNs, the polarization process between the interfaces of multiple heterogeneous components and high impedance matching brought about by magnetic Ni nanoparticles. By adjusting the filling ratio to only 10 wt%, the optimum reflection loss of the prepared composites is up to -53.99 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth reaches 4.39 GHz when the matching thickness is only 1.4 mm. This work provides not only a facile method for the design and fabrication of two high-efficiency microwave absorbers, but also a reference for the precise control of electromagnetic absorption properties.Topological insulators (TIs), exhibiting the quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect, are promising for developing dissipationless transport devices that can be realized under a wide range of temperatures. The search for new two-dimensional (2D) TIs is essential for TIs to be utilized at room-temperature, with applications in optoelectronics, spintronics, and magnetic sensors. In this work, we used first-principles calculations to investigate the geometric, electronic, and topological properties of GeX and GeMX (M = C, N, P, As; X = H, F, Cl, Br, I, O, S, Se, Te). In 26 of these materials, the QSH effect is demonstrated by a spin-orbit coupling (SOC) induced large band gap and a band inversion at the Γ point, similar to the case of an HgTe quantum well. In addition, engineering the intra-layer strain of certain GeMX species can transform them from a regular insulator into a 2D TI. This work demonstrates that asymmetrical chemical functionalization is a promising method to induce the QSH effect in 2D hexagonal materials, paving the way for practical application of TIs in electronics.Energy storage and conversion systems, including batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, and photoelectrochemical water splitting, have played vital roles in the reduction of fossil fuel usage, addressing environmental issues and the development of electric vehicles. The fabrication and surface/interface engineering of electrode materials with refined structures are indispensable for achieving optimal performances for the different energy-related devices. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) and molecular layer deposition (MLD) techniques, the gas-phase thin film deposition processes with self-limiting and saturated surface reactions, have emerged as powerful techniques for surface and interface engineering in energy-related devices due to their exceptional capability of precise thickness control, excellent uniformity and conformity, tunable composition and relatively low deposition temperature. In the past few decades, ALD and MLD have been intensively studied for energy storage and conversion applications with remarkable progress. In this review, we give a comprehensive summary of the development and achievements of ALD and MLD and their applications for energy storage and conversion, including batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, and photoelectrochemical water splitting. Moreover, the fundamental understanding of the mechanisms involved in different devices will be deeply reviewed. Furthermore, the large-scale potential of ALD and MLD techniques is discussed and predicted. Finally, we will provide insightful perspectives on future directions for new material design by ALD and MLD and untapped opportunities in energy storage and conversion.Hydrogen (H) atom adsorption and migration over the CeO2-based materials surface are of great importance because of its wide applications to catalytic reactions and electrochemical devices. Therefore, comprehensive knowledge for controlling the H atom adsorption and migration over CeO2-based materials is crucially important. For controlling H atom adsorption and migration, we investigated irreducible divalent, trivalent, and quadrivalent heterocation-doping effects on H atom adsorption and migration over the CeO2(111) surface using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Results revealed that the electron-deficient lattice oxygen (Olat) and the flexible CeO2 matrix played key roles in strong adsorption of H atoms. Heterocations with smaller valence and smaller ionic radius induced the electron-deficient Olat. In addition, smaller cation doping enhanced the CeO2 matrix flexibility. Moreover, we confirmed the influence of H atom adsorption controlled by doping on surface proton migration (i.e. surface protonics) and catalytic reaction involving surface protonics (NH3 synthesis in an electric field). Results confirmed clear correlation between H atom adsorption energy and surface protonics.In the present work, the Wulff cluster model, which has been proved to be successful for pure metals and homogeneous alloys, has been extended to eutectic alloys (Ag-Cu and Al-Si). In our model, the shapes of the clusters in melts were determined by the interfacial energy calculated by density functional theory (DFT) of different facet families based on Wulff theory. The cluster size was given by the pair distribution function (PDF) g(r), which was converted from experimental high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD). The simulated XRD curves in the high temperature region were in good agreement with the experimental results. For the Al-Si alloy, a deviation of the intensity and position of the second peak near the eutectic temperature was observed. The simulated results after structure and composition modification corresponded to the experimental ones. It indicates that the deviation is mainly related to the significant change of the cluster size during Si clusters' growth processes before nucleation. MRTX-1257 cell line Differently, there are no such nucleation processes at temperatures near the eutectic point due to the relatively high nucleation barriers of the two components in the Ag-Cu alloy.Controlling the growth, structure and morphology of core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) is significant for catalytic applications and it can be achieved by adding chemical additives to the synthesis reaction mixture. However, achieving precise control over NP synthesis would require a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of NP formation under different chemical conditions, which is quite challenging. Here, using in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the overgrowth mechanisms of Ag on Au nanobipyramids (NBPs) are studied in AgNO3 aqueous solution with ascorbic acid as the reducing agent. Au-Ag core-shell NPs are formed via two mechanistic modes (1) atom deposition during which the Ag atoms are deposited directly onto Au NBPs without the addition of poly(vinyl)pyrrolidone (PVP) and (2) nuclei coalescence during which the Ag nanocrystals (NCs) adsorb onto Au NBPs in the presence of PVP. High-resolution imaging reveals the dynamics of the coalescence process of Ag NCs upon addition of PVP. This study helps us to understand the effect of chemical additives during the evolution of a core seed into core-shell NPs with a well-defined composition and shape. It is useful for synthesizing NPs with greater design flexibility and expanding their various technological applications.Radical initiation upon LED light irradiation is discussed herein as well as its application in additive manufacturing. The ability of manufacturing complex structures, freedom of design, low energy consumption, fast prototyping, and excellent spatial resolution are the main benefits of the 3D printing technology by photopolymerization. Therefore, the 3D printing of composites through photopolymerization processes is developing rapidly in the academia and industry, and has been a turning point of additive manufacturing (AM). In the present review, an overview of radical initiation with LEDs (i.e., the photopolymerization LED technology, the photoinitiating systems, and the polymerizable media) and of the main 3D printing methods by photopolymerization, materials, and their applications in different fields has been carried out. As a challenging topic, the issue of light penetration in a filled matrix for the access to composites is discussed, including the light transmittance of the composite, the mismatch of the refractive index between the filler and the monomer, the factors of the filler, and the adverse influence of low light penetration on the 3D printing process. In particular, the popular applications of 3D printing by photopolymerization in biomedical science, electronic industry, materials for adsorption, and 4D printing are discussed. Overall, this review gives an overview of the 3D printing of polymer matrix composites through photopolymerization processes as a benchmark for future research and development.Five novel copper(ii) complexes with pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate esters as ligands, [Cu(NO3)(py-2tz)(H2O)3]NO3 (1), [Cu(NO3)2(py-2metz)(H2O)] (2), [Cu(NO3)2(py-2py)(H2O)]·H2O (3), [CuCl2(py-2tz)]2 (4) and [CuCl2(py-2metz)]n (5) (py-2tz is dimethyl 2-(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate, py-2metz is dimethyl 2-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate and py-2py is dimethyl 2,2'-bipyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate), were synthesized and structurally characterized by different spectroscopic and electrochemical methods. The structure of these complexes was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, confirming the bidentate coordination mode of the corresponding pyridine-4,5-dicarboxylate ester to the Cu(ii) ion through the nitrogen atoms. The antimicrobial potential of copper(ii) complexes 1-5 was assessed against two bacterial and two Candida species. These complexes showed better growth inhibiting activity against Candida spp. with respect to the tested bacterial species, also being moderately toxic towards normal human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5). Complexes 1 and 4 showed the greatest ability to inhibit the filamentation of C. albicans, which is an important process during fungal infection, and these two complexes efficiently inhibited the biofilm formation of C. albicans at subinhibitory concentrations. Complex 4 also successfully prevented the adhesion of C. albicans in an in vitro epithelial cell model. The mechanism of the antifungal activity of copper(ii) complexes 1-5 was studied through their interaction with ct-DNA, as one of the possible target biomolecules, by fluorescence spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis. Finally, the ability of these complexes to bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by fluorescence emission spectroscopy.
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