Notes

Global terrain include trajectories as well as transitions.
This study examined whether intranasal oxytocin enhances the stress-buffering effects of social support during experimentally induced pain, taking into account the role of individual differences in attachment security.

Female participants (N=193) were randomly assigned to oxytocin (24IU intranasal) or placebo and to receive support or no support from a friend (2×2 factorial design with repeated measures)). Participants underwent the Cold Pressor Task (CPT) and were monitored for heart rate variability (HRV RMSSD) and heart rate and reported pain levels. The Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire was used to measure attachment.

Oxytocin reduced RMSSD (p=0.003, partial ɳ
=0.03) and increased heart rate (p=0.039, partial ɳ
=0.03) in individuals who received support, possibly reflecting an enhanced attentional state. Oxytocin did not enhance beneficial effects of social support on perceived pain, but increased pain intensity in avoidantly attached individuals who were supported by a friend (p=0.009, partial ɳ
=0.06).

Only female participants were examined. Future studies are needed to determine sex differences in how oxytocin shapes stress-buffering effects of support.

Oxytocin may enhance the salience of social proximity and may be a mechanism underlying previously reported social influences on cardiovascular and mental health. However, oxytocin effects depend on interpersonal insecurities and may trigger discomfort in avoidantly attached individuals. Caution about oxytocin's therapeutic promise is warranted.
Oxytocin may enhance the salience of social proximity and may be a mechanism underlying previously reported social influences on cardiovascular and mental health. However, oxytocin effects depend on interpersonal insecurities and may trigger discomfort in avoidantly attached individuals. Caution about oxytocin's therapeutic promise is warranted.
It is well known that unexpected pandemic has led to an increase in mental health problems among a variety of populations.

In this study, an online non-probability sample survey was used to anonymously investigate the anxiety and depression symptoms among medical staff under the COVID-19 outbreak. The questionnaire included Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Factors associated with anxiety and depression symptoms were estimated by logistic regression analysis.

A total of 1090 medical staff were investigated in this study. The estimated self-reported rates of anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms and both of the two were 13.3%, 18.4% and 23.9% respectively. Factors associated with self-reported anxiety symptoms include married status (OR=2.3, 95%CI 1.2, 4.4), not living alone (OR=0.4, 95%CI 0.2, 0.7), never confiding their troubles to others (OR=2.2, 95%CI 1.4, 3.5) and higher stress (OR=14.4, 95%CI 7.8, 26.4). Factors associated with self-reported depression symptoms include not living alone (OR=0.4, 95%CI 0.3, 0.7), sometimes/often getting care from neighbours (OR=0.6, 95%CI 0.4, 0.9), never confiding their troubles to others (OR=2.0, 95%CI 1.3, 3.0) and higher stress (OR=9.7, 95%CI 6.2, 15.2).

The study was a non-probability sample survey. Besides, scales used in this study can only identify mental health states.

Under outbreak of COVID-19, self-reported rates of anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were high in investigated medical staff. Psychological interventions for those at high risk with common mental problems should be integrated into the work plan to fight against the epidemic.
Under outbreak of COVID-19, self-reported rates of anxiety symptoms and depression symptoms were high in investigated medical staff. Psychological interventions for those at high risk with common mental problems should be integrated into the work plan to fight against the epidemic.
Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people experience greatly heightened levels of suicidal ideation (SI) compared to the general population. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the risk and protective factors for SI within this population.

The present study explored how victimization, discrimination, community connectedness, and pride impact SI cross-sectionally and longitudinally in a sample of TGD adults (N=180, 55% transgender women, 76.7% Caucasian, M age=26.01 years).

Cross-sectional results showed that experiencing more types of victimization and discrimination at baseline predicted higher SI severity at baseline, while community connectedness and pride at baseline were not predictive of SI severity at baseline. Longitudinal analyses showed that experiencing fewer types of victimization and discrimination during the 1-month follow-up period were associated with a decrease in SI severity from baseline to follow-up. Medium and high levels of community connectedness were also associated with apply to TGD people, as well as the utility of connecting TGD clients to the TGD community.On duty, police officers are exposed to a variety of acute, threatening stress situations and organizational demands. In line with the allostatic load model, the resulting acute and chronic stress might have tremendous consequences for police officers' work performance and psychological and physical health. To date, limited research has been conducted into the underlying biological, dynamic mechanisms of stress in police service. Therefore, this ecological momentary assessment study examined the associations of stress, mood and biological stress markers of a 28-year-old male police officer in a N-of-1 study over three weeks (90 data points). Four times a day (directly after waking up, 30 minutes later, 6 hours later, before going to bed), he answered questions about the perceived stress and mood using a smartphone application. With each data entry, he collected saliva samples for the later assessment of salivary cortisol (sCort) and alpha-amylase (sAA). In addition, data was collected after six police incidents during duty. sCort and sAA were not related to perceived stress in daily life and did not increase in police incidents. Regarding mood measures, deterioration of calmness, but not valence and energy was associated with perceived stress. Sunitinib purchase The results suggest continued police service to constitute a major chronic stressor resulting in an inability to mount a proper response to further acute stress. As an indicator of allostatic load, psychological and biological hyporesponsivity in moments of stress may have negative consequences for police officers' health and behavior in critical situations that require optimal performance. Prospectively, this research design may also become relevant when evaluating the efficacy of individualized stress management interventions in police training.
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