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We also demonstrated that the MOVER approximated coefficient of variation threshold can be used to define the limit of quantification of the rRNA synthesis Ratio. In conclusion, the MOVER approximated coefficient of variation may be useful not only for the rRNA synthesis ratio but for other assays that measure ratios via droplet digital PCR.Medical education overlooks bodily variation by presenting a de-contextualized patient. This standardization perpetuates inequality and stigma. Initially a feminist project in the US, Gynecological Teaching Associates (GTAs), or specially trained educators who teach while receiving vaginal/pelvic and breast/chest examinations, are understudied despite how common they are in MD programs. GTAs have been subject to standardization when incorporated into medical school training, but opportunities to challenge the status quo remain. I conducted interviews with 25 GTAs across the United States. Thematic, iterative coding reveals two overlapping genres of GTA engagement. Through sanitized instruction, GTAs stick to 1.) professionally distanced, 2.) (supposedly) politically neutral, and 3.) student-protective methods. Alternatively, through contextualized instruction, GTAs 1.) are open to personal disclosure, 2.) present a wide range of normal and bring in sticky topics, and 3.) try to prepare students for a messy reality. Contextualizing instructors describe tactics for centering physiological and social diversity, such as framing non-normative factors (identity, sexual practices, underrepresented bodies, etc.) as clinically relevant.There is considerable concern about increasing rates of anxiety and depression among children and young people (CYP). Mental health technologies, such as smartphone applications, are proposed as a potential solution. However, the effectiveness of mental health mobile applications for managing, moderating and treating anxiety and depression in CYP is uncertain. The purpose of this scoping review is to outline the extent of the clinical evidence base of mental health apps with monitoring functions for depression and anxiety in CYP, to categorise the range of monitoring features, to understand their various purposes, and to analyse these 'technical mechanisms' in apps from the perspective of critical ecological analysis. It provides a novel conceptual framework for researching how CYP may use and critically engage with mental health apps. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases, and 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. The analysis focuses attention on the ecological (mental, social and environmental) dimensions of life, health and emotional experience and the purposes of mental health monitoring apps. We evaluate the way that technical mechanisms, such as metrics are used in apps, examine their effects on responsibility for managing and treating distress and consider the rationalities that guide their development. The paper concludes that examination of the bioethics and neuroethics of these technologies is necessary and urgent. This requires paying closer attention to the social practices of technology-enabled self-monitoring, and the ways in which these frame mental health as a form of individualised emotional regulation.An analysis of photoelectric attenuation and absorption data at the threshold energies for the K, L and M shell absorption discontinuities.
Sleep disorders are frequent in adult subjects diagnosed with ADHD. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence and the severity of sleep disorders in a sample of Italian psychiatric outpatients, to compare the prevalence and severity of sleep disorders in patients with and without diagnosis of adult ADHD, and to evaluate the role of ADHD as an individual predictor of sleep disturbances severity.
634 outpatients accessing psychiatric services were assessed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) Plus V. 5.0.0 interview and the Adult ADHD self-report Scale Symptoms Checklist (ASRS)-V 1.1 Short Form. Patients positive to the ASRS-V 1.1 were assessed with the Diagnostic Interview for ADHD in Adults (DIVA) 2.0. Sleep disorders and sleep disturbances' severity were assessed with the PROMIS Adult Sleep Disturbance Scale.
Sleep disorders were more frequent (p<0.001) and sleep disturbances were more severe (d=1.26, p<0.001) in subjects diagnosed with adult ADHD compared to other outpatients. Among the 44 subjects diagnosed with ADHD, 15 (34.1%) reported no or slight sleep disturbances, 9 (20.5%) a mild sleep disorder, 17 (38.6%) a moderate sleep disorder and 3 (6.8%) a severe sleep disorder. ADHD diagnosis, multiple psychiatric comorbidity and history of suicide attempts emerged as individual predictors of worse sleep disturbances.
Sleep disorders are more frequent and severe in subjects diagnosed with ADHD compared to other adult outpatients. Sleep disturbances might represent an intrinsic feature in adult ADHD subjects, presenting important clinical repercussions, and should be routinely evaluated and monitored in this population.
Sleep disorders are more frequent and severe in subjects diagnosed with ADHD compared to other adult outpatients. Sleep disturbances might represent an intrinsic feature in adult ADHD subjects, presenting important clinical repercussions, and should be routinely evaluated and monitored in this population.The extent of seagrass areas and their associated ecosystem functions and services have been declining due to many factors. Seagrass restoration is important to mitigate such declines. Seagrass restoration using seeds can be a viable method due to the high seed availability of some seagrass species and could enhance seagrass resilience to climate change stress. However, this method sometimes has low success rates due to high seed predation and seeds being washed away by wave action or substrate movement. The research was conducted to compare the settlement of Enhalus acoroides seeds and the establishment of seedlings on different sediment types (fine sand, coarse sand, and hard substrate with rubble) combined with different wave exposure levels (high and moderate). This is the first study to observe seed survival and seedling establishment of the tropical seagrass E. acoroides in the wild. On average, 64% of seeds dispersed on fine sand substrate at a moderate exposure site survived and developed into established seedlings by the end of the 40 days observation period, but the survival of seeds dispersed on coarse sand at high exposure and hard substrate at moderate exposure only remained above 50% for up to 3 days, and had declined to 2% and 1.4%, respectively, by day 40. Six years later, surviving E. acoroides sample from the coarse sand and hard substrate both had well-developed rhizomes but fewer roots than the plant from the fine sand site, these rhizome and roots characteristics were likely adaptations to increase anchoring capacity in the specific site. The results indicate that Enhalus seed settlement and seedling establishment can readily occur at sites with fine sand substrate and lower wave exposure; however, additional measures may be required at more exposed sites with mobile or hard substrates until seedlings become established.Technical progress is one of the best strategies to meet the dual challenges of economic growth and carbon emissions control in developing countries such as India. In this research, an empirical study of India's carbon emissions was conducted to understand the effects of various technical factors on total and industrial carbon emission intensity. Vistusertib Ten driving factors of carbon emission in 56 sectors of India are decomposed by combining Index Decomposition Analysis (IDA) and Production-theoretical Decomposition Analysis (PDA). The results reveal that (i) the pure carbon-reduction technical efficiency and the scale efficiency of carbon-reduction technology in India have not improved, and the technical progress of pure carbon-reduction and the scale efficiency of carbon-reduction technology has played a positive role in carbon emission. (ii) The scale efficiency of pure energy-saving technology progress is the most important factor in restraining carbon emissions, and pure energy-saving technology progress has had an overall promoting effect. However, the effect of energy-saving technology progress is not as effective as the scale efficiency through improving energy technology progress. (iii) Per capita value added and population size are powerful factors that promote carbon emissions. This study also makes a targeted analysis of the driving factors of carbon emissions in different industries, which provide a reference for the process of carbon-reduction in different industries.With the increasingly stringent environmental protection policies of various countries, the contradiction between the treatment cost and the purification degree of environmental pollutants has become increasingly significant, which has become a major factor restricting the efficient operation of wastewater treatment plants. Hence, keeping the ion concentration at the outlet as low as possible while reducing the cost are the main objectives of treating heavy metal wastewater by electrocoagulation (EC) process. However, due to the complicated mechanism and uncertain production conditions, it is difficult to achieve those goals by manually setting the current through operators' experience. In this paper, we develop a dynamic multi-objective optimization strategy for EC process to balance these two conflicting production targets. First, we define the removal efficiency (RE) to measure the effectiveness of the EC process. Due to the anodic passivation and cathodic polarization in the EC process, the current reversing period (CRP) is proposed and optimized to ensure the stable performance of the electrodes. Then the current setting problem is formulated as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem with competing objectives of RE and cost. An interval-adjustable control parameterization (CP) approach is developed to reduce the complexity of this optimization problem. To compute this optimization problem, a heuristic method named multi-objective state transition algorithm (MOSTA) with evaluation value is investigated. The effectiveness of our model and optimization strategy is demonstrated by a successful implementation in an EC process of a wastewater treatment plant in Chenzhou, China.Gasification is an attractive method for tannery sludge (TS) disposal because of its advantages volume reduction, stabilisation, harmlessness, and energy recovery. TS reduction ash (AR) and TS oxidation ash (AO), simulated from a downdraft fixed bed gasifier (DFBG) and an updraft fixed bed gasifier (UFBG), were investigated on their physicochemical characteristics, solidification behaviour, and value-added utilisation. Results showed that the main mineral matters in AR and AO consisted of Fe-oxids and Fe-Cr compounds, and the DFBG was more suitable for TS gasification than the UFBG because of the lower content of Cr(Ⅵ) in AR. With the addition of waste glass bottles (WGB), the ash fusion temperatures (AFTs) and leaching concentrations of heavy metals in AR and AO decreased significantly, and the heavy metals in AR and AO were successfully immobilised by the wrapping effect of the molten WGB. Moreover, gasification ash, as an auxiliary material for rock wool, reduced the AFTs and viscosity coefficient of the main chemical compositions in rock wool.
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