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Nederlander multicentre, prospective follow-up, cohort study evaluating the nerve and also neuropsychological sequelae involving hospitalised non-ICU- along with ICU-treated COVID-19 children: research process.
This study reports the surgical outcomes in a patient cohort with congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle (CPC).

A total of nine pediatric patients (5 males, 4 females; mean age 4.43 years; range, 2 to 12 years) who were diagnosed with CPC and treated surgically with a minimum one-year follow-up between January 1996 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to the fixation method as the Kirschner wire (K-wire; Group A, n=2) or stabilization with a plate (Group B, n=7). The physical function and symptoms were evaluated using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) scale.

The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 2.95 (range, 0 to 12) years. Six cases were atrophic pseudarthrosis and three cases were hypertrophic. Radiographic consolidation occurred in all cases with a mean duration of 103.8±39.1 days, indicating no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). Complications registered were a K-wire breakage in a patient in Group A and an internal fixation plate loosening in a patient in Group B. The mean postoperative follow-up was 2.98±1.82 years. The QuickDASH score was 0 points in all patients.

The early surgical indication based on refreshment of the pseudarthrosis focus, with bone autograft interposition when a failure exists to restore adequate clavicular length, and fixation are reliable alternatives with favorable clinical and radiological results in the mid- and long-term with fewer complications.
The early surgical indication based on refreshment of the pseudarthrosis focus, with bone autograft interposition when a failure exists to restore adequate clavicular length, and fixation are reliable alternatives with favorable clinical and radiological results in the mid- and long-term with fewer complications.
This study aims to investigate the characterization and follow-up results of tumors and tumor-like lesions in the talus.

Twenty-one patients (15 males, 6 females; mean age 31.6±17 years; range, 4 to 67 years) with benign and malignant tumors or tumor-like lesions in the talus region treated and followed in our clinic between January 2007 and January 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Radiological, pathological, surgical, and demographic features were scanned from the database.

Patients were followed for mean 80±45.1 (range, 25 to 156) months. The most common complaint was pain and antalgic gait. Benign bone tumors were found in 15 (71%) of 21 patients, while tumor-like lesions (two intraosseous ganglia, osteomyelitis, and bone infarction) were found in four patients. The remaining two were patients with lung and bladder cancer metastasis. Lesion size was mean 2.1±0.5 (range, 1.1 to 3.3) cm. Recurrence developed in 14.3% (n=3) of the patients during follow-up.

The talus is a rare location for tumors; however, benign and malignant tumors and tumor-like lesions may be localized in the talus.
The talus is a rare location for tumors; however, benign and malignant tumors and tumor-like lesions may be localized in the talus.
This study aims to define the simultaneous prophylactic fixation indications of benign tumors and tumor-like lesions located in long bones that were treated by curettage and grafting/cementing.

Fifty-six patients (33 males, 23 females; mean age 30.9±15.9; range, 15 to 65 years) who were treated by curettage and grafting or cementation for their benign tumors or tumor-like lesions in long bones between January 2013 and June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Age, sex, anamnesis and physical examination findings, histopathologic diagnosis, lesion localization, pre- and postoperative imaging results and follow-up data were all analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as those with and without postoperative fracture.

The most common localization was femur (38%). The mean tumor diameter was 6.8±2.2 (range, 2.6 to 12.6) cm and volume was 58.3±45.0 (range, 6 to 177) cm³. Postoperative fracture occurred in 14 patients. The lesion diameter and volume of the patients in postoperative fracture group were significantly higher compared to group without postoperative fracture (p=0.034 and p=0.004, respectively). A volume value greater than 67 cm³ and ages over 35 years were found to be associated with a higher rate of fracture for all lesions.

In the postoperative period, patients with benign tumors or tumor-like lesions of long bones had a higher fracture risk if the volume value was greater than 67 cm³ and the age was over 35 years. Prophylactic fixation may be suggested for these patients.
In the postoperative period, patients with benign tumors or tumor-like lesions of long bones had a higher fracture risk if the volume value was greater than 67 cm³ and the age was over 35 years. Prophylactic fixation may be suggested for these patients.
This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet (PLT) ratio in the most common soft tissue sarcomas.

We retrospectively investigated 131 patients (76 males, 55 females; mean age 51.8±17.1; range, 18 to 87 years) with soft-tissue sarcomas between January 2011 and January 2019. Demographic features, MPV, PLT counts, mortality, and recurrence records of the patients were obtained from archives. A total of 165 healthy volunteers (101 males, 64 females; mean age 52.9±4.1; range, 18 to 60 years) who applied to the outpatient clinic in 2019 and had routine blood control without any additional disease formed the control group.

A total of 55 patients were diagnosed with liposarcoma and 76 with pleomorphic sarcoma. Of the tumors, 77.1% were located in the lower limbs. Lesions were mostly localized on the thigh 48.8% (n=64). Recurrence occurred in 28.2% of the patients. A total of 25 (19.1%) patients were exitus. The mean follow-up period of the patients was 34.4±19.1 (range, 9 to 112) months. LY3214996 The mean PLT value of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group. The median MPV and MPV/PLT ratio were statistically significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group. The MPV and MPV/PLT ratio were not associated with mortality and recurrence.

As a result, MPV and MPV/PLT ratio can be used as a diagnostic support parameter in soft tissue sarcomas, but have no prognostic value.
As a result, MPV and MPV/PLT ratio can be used as a diagnostic support parameter in soft tissue sarcomas, but have no prognostic value.
This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic role of mean platelet volume (MPV) and MPV/platelet (PLT) ratio in primary malignant bone tumors.

We retrospectively investigated patients with primary malignant bone tumors between January 2010 and January 2019 and included 109 patients (69 males, 40 females; mean age 41.9±17.9 years; range 15 to 86 years) in the study. A total of 107 healthy volunteers (61 males, 46 females; mean age 47 years; range 19 to 61 years) who donated blood to the blood center of our hospital in 2019 formed the control group. Demographic features, MPV, PLT counts, mortality, and recurrence records of the patients were obtained from archives.

Of the 109 patients, 11 were diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma, 52 with chondrosarcoma, and 46 with osteosarcoma. The tumor was located on the right in 56% of patients and on the lower extremity in 59.6% of patients. The recurrence rate was 41.3% in the patient group. Of the 109 patients, 17 (15.6%) resulted in exitus at follow-up. The mean PLT value of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (289,440 vs. 247,299, p<0.001). The median MPV and MPV/PLT ratios were statistically significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group (8.3 vs. 10.5, p<0.001 and 0.032 vs. 0.043, p<0.001, respectively). The MPV, PLT count, and MPV/PLT ratio were not associated with mortality and recurrence. The cut-off value was determined as >9.25 fL for MPV (sensitivity=74%, specificity=85%, positive likelihood ratio=4.96, positive predictive value=83.4%, and negative predictive value=76.5).

Consequently, MPV and MPV/PLT ratios can be used as a diagnostic support parameter in primary malignant bone tumors, but have no prognostic value.
Consequently, MPV and MPV/PLT ratios can be used as a diagnostic support parameter in primary malignant bone tumors, but have no prognostic value.
This study aims to assess the pullout strength of six different pedicle screw thread patterns.

A total of 36 sheep spines were divided into six groups including six spines in each group fully threaded cortical (Type A), fully threaded spongeous (Type B), fully cortical threads in the proximal half and fully spongeous threads in the distal half (Type C), fully spongeous threads in the proximal half and fully cortical threads in the distal half (Type D), unthreaded proximal half with fully spongeous threads in the distal half (Type E), and unthreaded proximal half with fully cortical threads in the distal half (Type F). The axial compression-traction machine was used for biomechanical testing at a pullout rate of 1 mm/min.

The mean values of pullout strength of the groups A, B, C, D, E, and F were 1112±7.52 N, 986±8.34 N, 646±3.88 N, 676±7.16 N, 609±9.52 N, and 769±6.49 N, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the screw groups A and B, C, D, E and F (p=0.036, p=0.028, p=0.04, p=0.039, and p=0.046, respectively). A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups B versus C and E (p=0.037 and p=0.021, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups B versus D and F (p=0.35 and p=0.61, respectively).

Fully threaded cortical pedicular screw design exhibited the strongest bone grasp compared to other thread designs. Further studies should be conducted in multidirectional force pattern on human spine to assess the six screw thread designs in a closer real-life setting simulation model.
Fully threaded cortical pedicular screw design exhibited the strongest bone grasp compared to other thread designs. Further studies should be conducted in multidirectional force pattern on human spine to assess the six screw thread designs in a closer real-life setting simulation model.
This study aims to evaluate the reliability of the radiographic union scale in tibial (RUST) fractures and modified RUST (mRUST) fractures in pediatric forearm fractures treated with elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) and to investigate the effect of the experience of surgeon, thresholds for union, and delayed union decisions.

In this retrospective study, radiographic images of 20 patients (10 males, 10 females; mean age 8.6±4.3; range, 4 to 11 years) with forearm fractures treated using ESIN between January 2013 and December 2018 were scored by 20 observers based on the RUST and mRUST scores. The observers scored the radiographs at immediate postoperative period, and at 4-, 8-, and 12-week follow-up. Intra- and interobserver agreement for each cortex, RUST, and mRUST were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The Fleiss' kappa (κ) coefficient was used in the agreement between evaluators regarding union decision. Receiver operating curves were created to determine the thresholds for radiographic union and delayed union.
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