Notes

Gas splitting up through gas inside normal water emulsion by coalescence filtering making use of kapok dietary fibre.
0.02) and postoperative (P = 0.02) ODI were significantly higher among patients discharged to an acute facility (49.4 and 32.0, respectively) compared to home (42.2 and 20.0) or subacute (47.4 and 28.4) environments.

Subacute rehabilitation disposition and CCI are independent predictors of wound complications after spinal decompression surgery. Patients undergoing spine surgery have similar readmission and revision rates and experience similar clinical improvement across all postacute discharge dispositions.
Subacute rehabilitation disposition and CCI are independent predictors of wound complications after spinal decompression surgery. Patients undergoing spine surgery have similar readmission and revision rates and experience similar clinical improvement across all postacute discharge dispositions.Family history screening to identify individuals at increased risk for hereditary cancers could be a powerful strategy to prevent cancer but is used inconsistently in primary care. The objective was to improve identification of women with at-risk family histories using a point-of-care family history screening tool administered on an electronic tablet device during well-woman appointments. A total of 288 women were invited to participate and 136 women (47.2%) completed the electronic family history screening tool. Significantly more women were identified and referred to the genetics department with the electronic family history screening tool than the standard-of-care paper questionnaire (11.8% versus 0.8%, P less then 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the proportion of referred women who were evaluated by the genetic counselors, and no pathogenic variants were found with either family history screening method. Implementing innovative self-reporting tools may improve inherited cancer risk detection.
Biological and epidemiological evidence suggest that herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) elevates HIV acquisition and transmission risk. We improved previous estimates of the contribution of HSV-2 to HIV infections by using a dynamic-transmission model.

WHO regions.

We developed a mathematical model of HSV-2/HIV transmission among 15-49-year-old heterosexual, non-drug-injecting populations, calibrated using region-specific demographic and HSV-2/HIV epidemiological data. We derived global and regional estimates of the contribution of HSV-2 to HIV infection over ten years (the transmission population-attributable fraction, tPAF) under three additive scenarios, assuming (1) HSV-2 only increases HIV acquisition ("conservative"); (2) HSV-2 also increases HIV transmission ("liberal"); (3) HIV/ART (antiretroviral therapy) also modifies HSV-2 transmission and HSV-2 decreases ART effect on HIV transmission ("fully liberal").

Under the conservative scenario, the predicted tPAF was 37.3% (95% uncertainty intervaol measures, such as vaccines, become available.
Sub-optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is responsible for most virologic failure among adolescents with HIV. Methods for objectively measuring adherence to ART are limited. This study assessed the association between ritonavir concentrations in hair, self-reported adherence and modified directly administered antiretroviral therapy on virologic outcomes among HIV-infected adolescents who were virologically failing second-line ART in Harare, Zimbabwe.

HIV-infected adolescents on atazanavir/ritonavir-based second-line treatment for >6 months with viral load ≥1,000 copies/mL were randomized to either modified directly administered antiretroviral therapy (mDAART) plus standard-of-care (intervention) or standard-of-care alone (control). P7C3 Questionnaires were administered; viral load and hair samples were collected at baseline and after 90 days. Virological suppression was defined as <1,000 copies/mL after follow-up.

Fifty adolescents (13-19 years old) were enrolled, and 42 adolescents had rited with self-reported adherence and being male in this cohort of adolescents with treatment failure to atazanavir/ritonavir-based second-line ART. Measuring ritonavir concentrations in hair in adolescents on protease inhibitor-based regimens could assess adherence in this vulnerable group to avert subsequent virologic failure.
We investigated the contributions of ergonomics, psychological factors, and sleep disturbances to lower back pain (LBP).

A nationwide survey of sampled 27508 (2.6‰) Taiwanese workers was conducted in 2010. Definition of outcome was LBP affecting work performance in the past year. Predictor variables included age, body mass index, ergonomic factors, job control, psychological demands, and sleep disturbances. Mutually adjusted relative risks were examined using general linear models, followed by adjusted population attributable risk (aPAR).

18,353 workers were included in the multivariate regression model. The three first significant risk factors to LBP included heavy lifting or awkward posture, sleep disturbances, and high psychological demands (aPAR = 13.5%, 8.7%, 5.7% respectively in men and 6.1%, 11.8%, 5.9% in women).

In addition to ergonomic exposure, sleep disturbances and high psychological demands significantly contributed to LBP.
In addition to ergonomic exposure, sleep disturbances and high psychological demands significantly contributed to LBP.Nurses have experienced unintended consequences and workarounds associated with health information technology implementation. However, examination of this occurrence is rare. This study aimed to examine the unintended consequences and workarounds produced by the implementation of electronic medical record systems in clinical nursing practice. A total of 143 nurses participated in a survey using statistically tested instruments. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a nonparametric test. The descriptive data were analyzed by meaning. The participants experienced unintended consequences and workarounds related to electronic medical record implementation at moderate or high levels based on the responses to questions scored on 5-point Likert scales. The unintended consequences were closely associated with workarounds. The degree of experience with unintended consequences and the use of workarounds differed significantly according to the level of education, job position, and years in nursing practice. The nursing examples of unintended consequences and workarounds were organized into four categories of unintended consequences. By presenting unintended consequences and workarounds together, this study enhances the understanding of the problems encountered in EMR implementation and the action of nurses. Nurses' needs should be considered as an important resource in developing, redesigning, or purchasing and implementing health information technology in healthcare settings.
We are at a difficult time in history with societal increases in stress, loneliness, and psychopathology, along with high rates of obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and chronic pain. Mindfulness interventions offer promise to address these societal issues. However, in order to make best use of the opportunities revealed by our current challenges, we must (1) tackle these issues head-on with inclusive, innovative, and creative experimental designs and interventions, and (2) collectively adhere to rigorous, high quality methods so as to provide an evidence-based integration of mindfulness interventions into mainstream medicine and public health.We find there are several areas for which important advances are happening, including sampling socially diverse populations, examining mechanisms of action, pain management, and health behaviors. Furthermore, rigorous methods, including measurement, causal inference from control groups, delivery and scalability of mindfulness interventions, and effect modifiers to determiing mechanisms of action, pain management, and health behaviors. Furthermore, rigorous methods, including measurement, causal inference from control groups, delivery and scalability of mindfulness interventions, and effect modifiers to determine who mindfulness programs work best for are also gaining traction. This special issue on Mindfulness Biobehavioral Mechanisms and Health Outcomes attends to many of these issues, several of which are highlighted in this editorial perspective.
Functional constipation (FC) is a common gastrointestinal disorder. Anxiety and/or depressive disorders are common in patients with FC (FCAD). Brain dysfunction may play a role in FC, but the contribution of comorbid anxiety and/or depression in patients with FC is poorly understood.

Sixty-five FC patients and forty-two healthy controls (HC) were recruited, and hierarchical-clustering algorithm was used to classify FC patients into FCAD and patients without anxiety/depressive status (FCNAD) based on neuropsychological assessment. Resting-state functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging measures including fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity were employed to investigate brain functional differences.

37 patients were classified as FCAD and 28 patients were classified as FCNAD; both groups showed decreased activity (fALFF) than HC in the perigenual anterior cingulate cortex (pACC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and precuneus; enhanced precentral gyrus (Prbrain activity and functional connectivity between FCAD and FCNAD. It might help portray important clues for improving new treatment strategies.
This systematic review sought to comprehensively summarize gut microbiota research in psychiatric disorders following PRISMA guidelines.

Literature searches were performed on databases using keywords involving gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders. Articles in English with human participants up until 13th of February 2020 were reviewed. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale for microbiota studies.

Sixty-nine of 4231 identified studies met inclusion criteria for extraction. In most studies, gut microbiota composition differed between individuals with psychiatric disorders and healthy controls; however, limited consistency was observed in the taxonomic profiles. At the genus level, the most replicated findings were higher abundance of Bifidobacterium, and lower abundance of Roseburia and Faecalibacterium among patients with psychiatric disorders.

Gut bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids, such as Roseburia and Faecalibacterium, could be less abundant in patients wit results. Based on our findings, we forward recommendations to improve quality and comparability of future microbiota studies in psychiatry.
Hemarthrosis after knee trauma often indicates serious joint injury. Few studies have evaluated agreement between clinical examination and findings from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We aimed to describe the agreement between acute clinical examination and subacute MRI findings after acute knee trauma with hemarthrosis and the importance of the subspecialty of the examiner.

Longitudinal cohort study. Agreement with MRI findings was evaluated by logistic regression.

Helsingborg hospital.

Thousand one hundred forty-five consecutive patients with hemarthrosis after knee trauma.

Clinical examination and MRI.

agreement between clinical examination and findings from MRI. We considered the radiologist's report as the gold standard.

Median time (25th, 75th percentile) from injury to clinical examination was 2 (1, 7) days, and from injury to imaging was 8 (5, 15) days. The overall sensitivity and specificity of clinical examination versus MRI for major ligament injury or lateral patella dislocation (LPD) were 70% [95% confidence interval 67-73) and 66% (61-72), respectively.
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