Notes

Silicon along with n . o . interaction relieves copper caused toxicity throughout mung vegetable baby plants.
In urban environments, environmental air pollution poses significant risks to respiratory health. Moreover, the seasonal spatial variability of the air pollutant ozone, and respiratory illness within Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) is not well understood. We examine the relationships between spatial patterns of long-term ozone exposure and respiratory illness to better understand impacts on health outcomes. We propose that this study will establish an enhanced understanding of the spatio-temporal characteristics of ozone concentrations and respiratory emergency room visits (ERV) incidence.

Air pollution data (ozone) and ERV incidence data from DFW was used to evaluate the relationships between exposures and outcomes using three steps (1) develop a geostatistical model to produce quarterly maps of ozone exposure for the DFW area; (2) use spatial analysis techniques to identify clusters of zip codes with high or low values of ozone exposure and respiratory ERV incidence; and (3) use concentration-response curves toverse respiratory outcomes.The effects of climate change such as dry spells, floods and erosion heavily impact agriculture especially smallholder systems on the Northwestern Loess Plateau of China. Nonetheless agriculture also contributes to global warming through the emission of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4 and N2O. Yet this complex conundrum can be alleviated and mitigated through sound soil and water management practices. Despite considerable literature on Conservation Agriculture (CA) as a strategy to improve the resilience and mitigation capacity of agroecosystems, there is still paucity of information on the impacts of CA on crop production and environmental quality on the Plateau. In order to fill this gap this study examined the effects of no-till and straw mulch on crop productivity and greenhouse gas fluxes in agroecosystems on the Plateau where farmers' common practice of conventional tillage (CT) was tested against three CA practices conventional tillage with straw mulch (CTS), no-till (NT) and no-till with straw mulchn significant reduction in net GWP. Grain yield was significantly correlated positively with SOC and STN (p less then 0.05); ecosystem respiration was also significantly correlated with SWC and ST while CH4 flux was highly correlated with ST (p less then 0.001). Crop yield and GHG responses to CA were controlled by soil hydrothermal and nutrient changes, thus improving these conditions through adoption of sustainable soil moisture improvement practices such as no-till, straw mulch, green manuring, contour ploughing and terracing can improve crop resilience to climate change and reduce GHG emissions in arid and semi-arid regions.A rich set of statistical techniques has been developed over the last several decades to estimate the spatial extent of animal home ranges from telemetry data, and new methods to estimate home ranges continue to be developed. Here we investigate home-range estimation from a computational point of view and aim to provide a general framework for computing home ranges, independent of specific estimators. We show how such a workflow can help to make home-range estimation easier and more intuitive, and we provide a series of examples illustrating how different estimators can be compared easily. This allows one to perform a sensitivity analysis to determine the degree to which the choice of estimator influences qualitative and quantitative conclusions. By providing a standardized implementation of home-range estimators, we hope to equip researchers with the tools needed to explore how estimator choice influences answers to biologically meaningful questions.
In the past decade, the zebrafish community has widely embraced targeted mutagenesis technologies, resulting in an abundance of mutant lines. While many lines have proven to be useful for investigating gene function, many have also shown no apparent phenotype, or phenotypes not of interest to the originating lab. In order for labs to document and share information about these lines, we have created ZebraShare as a new resource offered within ZFIN.

ZebraShare involves a form-based submission process generated by ZFIN. The ZebraShare interface (https//zfin.org/action/zebrashare) can be accessed on ZFIN under "Submit Data". Users download the Submission Workbook and complete the required fields, then submit the completed workbook with associated images and captions, generating a new ZFIN publication record. ZFIN curators add the submitted phenotype and mutant information to the ZFIN database, provide mapping information about mutations, and cross reference this information across the appropriate ZFIN databasrafish lines. Submissions of alleles with a phenotypic or unexpected phenotypes is encouraged to promote collaborations, disseminate lines, reduce redundancy of effort and to promote efficient use of time and resources. We anticipate that as submissions to ZebraShare increase, they will help build an ultimately more complete picture of zebrafish genetics and development.Sexual dimorphism is a common phenomenon in the animal kingdom. To test the consistency of sexual dimorphism patterns among sympatric species of the same genus, ten morphometric characteristics of mud crabs Scylla olivacea, S. tranquebarica and S. paramamosain were measured and compared using Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). The descriptive analysis revealed that in all three species, body size dimensions and cheliped dimensions were significantly larger in males whereas the abdomen width was female-biased. selleck products Also, we described a morphological variation (carapace width, CW ≤ CW at spine 8, 8CW) that is unique to S. olivacea. Discriminant function analysis revealed that all nine morphometric characteristics were sexually dimorphic in S. olivacea, S. tranquebarica (except right cheliped's merus length, ML) and S. paramamosain (except 8CW). The obtained discriminant functions based on the morphometric ratios (with CW as divisor) correctly classified 100% of adults of known sex of all three species. Further, based on the selected body traits, DFA was able to almost completely distinguish males (94%), but not females (74%), among the three Scylla species. This study highlights that congeneric species of portunids (e.g., Scylla spp.) show similar sexually dimorphic characteristics (body size and secondary sexual characteristics).
Koidz. is an ecologically and economically important tree species widely distributed in Northern China. However, the effective assessment, utilization, and protection of
resources remain unexplored.

In total, 120 samples obtained from 12
populations of Northern China were investigated for genetic diversity and structure using 19 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primer pairs.

The total number of alleles detected was 293, the average number of effective allele (
e) was 6.084, the genetic differentiation coefficient (
st) was 0.033, and the mean observed heterozygosity (
o) and expected heterozygosity (
e) were 0.690 and 0.801, respectively. Moreover, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed a 5.5% genetic variation among 12
populations, indicating that a high level of genetic diversity and a low degree of genetic differentiation among
populations. STRUCTURE and cluster analysis divided the 12
populations into the following three subpopulations Bashang Plateau subpopulation (SH), Liaodong Peninsula subpopulation (NC), and Loess Plateau subpopulation (other 10 populations). The cluster analysis based on 19 climatic factors was consistent with the genetic structure. A positive correlation was found between genetic distance and geographical distance (
=0.638,
=0.028) by the Mantel test, and two boundaries were found among the 12
populations by the Barrier analysis, indicating that
populations existed isolated by geographical distance and physical barrier.

This study suggests that geographical isolation, physical barrier, climatic types, and natural hybridization promote the formation of genetic structures, which can contribute to future protection and genetic improvement of

This study suggests that geographical isolation, physical barrier, climatic types, and natural hybridization promote the formation of genetic structures, which can contribute to future protection and genetic improvement of Q. liaotungensis.The freshwater caenogastropod family Ampullariidae is emerging as a model for a variety of studies, among them, the evolution of terrestriality. A common character of the family is that all its members bear a lung while retaining the ancestral gill. This ensures that many ampullariids are able to inhabit poorly oxygenated waters, to bury in the mud during estivation, and to temporarily leave the water, in some species for oviposition. To these characters Pomacea canaliculata (Caenogastropoda, Ampullariidae) adds that is an obligate air-breather. In a recent paper, we showed the gill epithelium of P. canaliculata has a set of characteristics that suggest its role for oxygen uptake may be less significant than its role in ionic/osmotic regulation and immunity. We complement here our morphological investigation on the respiratory organs of P. canaliculata by studying the lung of this species at the anatomical (3D reconstructions of the blood system and nerve supply), histological and ultrastructural levels. The of the evolution of air dependence in this family.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1177/2164956120982956.].
Dermoscopic features of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) have been widely studied, but their accuracy should be further investigated.

This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of a set of predetermined dermoscopic structures for 3 variants of cSCC, namely Bowen disease, keratoacanthoma and invasive cSCC.

Dermoscopic images of 56 histopathologically confirmed cSCC lesions (9 Bowen disease lesions, 7 keratoacanthomas, and 40 invasive cSCCs) were examined, and the diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopic structures was assessed. Discriminative ability of statistically significant positive predictors was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and defined as an area under the ROC curve >0.700.

Dermoscopic structures with statistical significance and discriminative ability were for Bowen disease, clustered glomerular vessels and erosions; for keratoacanthoma, a central keratin plug; and for invasive cSCC, a mixed color of the background. Clustered and glomerular vessels had,structures of keratoacanthoma and invasive cSCC overlap, and only histopathologic analysis differentiates them precisely.
One common treatment for Bowen disease (BD) is surgical excision, but there is no international consensus on the appropriate surgical margins.

This study examined what factors affect the rate of incomplete excision of BD.

Clinicopathological data potentially linked to surgical outcome (complete or incomplete excision) were retrospectively collected from medical and histopathological records on all surgically excised BD lesions diagnosed at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden during 2014-2015. Data were analyzed with two definitions of incomplete excision less strict (ie, BD present at the surgical margin) and strict (ie, dysplasia present at the surgical margin).

In total, 463 BD lesions among 408 patients were included. With the less strict definition, 3 factors were associated with significantly higher rates of incomplete excision surgical margins <3 mm, a less experienced surgeon, and use of punch biopsy excision. The same factors plus a tumor location on the head and neck area or upper extremities were associated with significantly higher rates of incomplete excision using the strict definition.
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