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Bacterial gas tissues making use of α-amylase-displaying Escherichia coli with starchy foods while energy.
INTRODUCTION Caffeine and its metabolites have antioxidant activity, scavenging reactive oxygen species. Aim of our study was to measure caffeine concentrations in vitreous samples after peroral caffeine intake. METHODS This prospective study included patients scheduled for 23G pars plana vitrectomy with membrane peeling due to epiretinal membranes. The study was performed in two parts In the first part patients were recruited into three different groups group A consisted of habitual coffee drinkers, that agreed to drink coffee containing 180mg caffeine one hour before surgery (n=10), group B consisted of habitual coffee drinkers, that were not offered coffee before surgery (n=5), and group C consisted of non-habitual coffee drinkers, forming the control group (n=5). In the second part (group D) patients (habitual coffee drinkers) agreed to give additional blood serum samples for measurement of caffeine concentration. Harvested samples of vitreous (group A to D), epiretinal membranes (group A to C), and blood blood serum concentrations of caffeine after peroral coffee consumption. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.PURPOSE Retinoblastoma is a primary pediatric ocular malignancy that could be fatal with inadequate treatment. Whilst multimodal treatments are applied for eye salvage, yet vision loss and metastasis could occur in some patients. The present study aims to explore key pathways and factors in retinoblastoma pathogenesis, which could be potential targets for novel therapies of retinoblastoma treatments. METHODS RNA sequencing was performed on three retinoblastoma tissues and referenced with three normal retinas. Differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from sequencing data, and further analyzed with clustering analysis, function and pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction (PPI), and data-mining analysis in order to screen for tumorigenic relevancy. RESULTS A total of 331 DEGs were identified by clustering analysis of retinoblastoma tissues, and the expression patterns were significantly distinguishable from normal retinas. Function and pathway enrichment and PPI analysis together showed that cell cycle was the most prominently upregulated pathway found in retinoblastoma tissues. Following comprehensive bioinformatic analyses, six key genes relevant to cell cycle regulation were identified, namely BUB1, RRM2, TPX2, UBE2C, NUSAP1 and DTL. CONCLUSIONS Cell cycle pathway and six relevant genes may be potential key factors in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis, and laying foundation for prospective investigation on development of novel targeted therapies. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rhTM) was approved in 2008 and has been used for treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation in Japan. The antifibrotic effects of rhTM in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are well established, but the therapeutic potential of rhTM in renal fibrosis remains poorly understood. METHODS Nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTS-N) was induced in 22 female Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats on day 0. Rats were administered either rhTM or vehicle intraperitoneally, every day from day 4 to day 55. Rats were sacrificed on day 56 when renal fibrosis was established and renal morphological investigations were performed. In vitro, rat renal fibroblasts (NRK-49F) were pretreated with rhTM or saline, and expression levels of profibrogenic gene induced by thrombin were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Compared to WKY-GN-vehicle rats, the body weights of WKY-GN-rhTM rats were significantly greater on day 55. By day 56,iated fibrogenesis. Our results suggest that rhTM may offer a therapeutic option for limiting the progression of chronic kidney disease in crescentic GN. © 2020 The Author(s) Published by S. AOA hemihydrochloride ic50 Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND Alexithymia is a personality trait characterized by difficulties in identifying and describing emotions and associated with various psychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging studies found evidence for morphological and functional brain alterations in alexithymic subjects. However, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying alexithymia remain incompletely understood. METHODS We study the association of alexithymia with cortical correlation networks in a large community-dwelling sample of the Study of Health in Pomerania. Our analysis includes data of n = 2,199 individuals (49.4% females, age = 52.1 ± 13.6 years) which were divided into a low and high alexithymic group by a median split of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. Cortical correlation networks were constructed based on the mean thicknesses of 68 regions, and differences in centralities were investigated. RESULTS We found a significantly increased centrality of the right paracentral lobule in the high alexithymia network after correction for multiple testing. Several other regions with motoric and sensory functions showed altered centrality on a nominally significant level. CONCLUSIONS Finding increased centrality of the paracentral lobule, a brain area with sensory as well as motoric features and involvement in bowel and bladder voiding, may contribute to explain the association of alexithymia with functional somatic disorders and chronic pain syndromes. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel.BACKGROUND Autoclaving rodent diets is common in laboratory animals, but autoclaving increases the formation of dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGE). We studied the effect of autoclaved (AC) diet alone or in combination with a diet high in bioavailable phosphorus on biochemistries of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), intestinal gene expression, and oxidative stress. METHODS Male CKD rats (Cy/+) and normal littermates were fed 1 of 3 diets AC 0.7% phosphorus grain-based diet for 28 weeks (AC); AC diet for 17 weeks followed by non-autoclaved (Non-AC) 0.7% phosphorus casein diet until 28 weeks (AC + Casein); or Non-AC diet for 16 weeks followed by a Non-AC purified diet until 30 weeks (Non-AC + Casein). RESULTS AC diets contained ~3× higher AGEs and levels varied depending on the location within the autoclave. Rats fed the AC and AC + Casein diets had higher total AGEs and oxidative stress, irrespective of kidney function. Kidney function was more severely compromised in CKD rats fed AC or AC + Casein compared to Non-AC + Casein.
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