Notes

Water warming as well as acidification adjust top-down along with bottom-up control within a warm seagrass habitat.
Pharmacological characterisation revealed that propofol enhanced GABAA -mediated currents and blunted GABA-mediated calcium entry more efficiently in female neurons than in males. Testosterone treatment did not erase such sex differences. These data suggest sex differences in the expression of GABAA receptor subtypes. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS GABA-mediated responses are sexually dimorphic even in the absence of gonadal hormone influence, suggesting genetically biased differences. These results highlight the importance of GABAA receptors in hypothalamic neurons even before hormonal masculinisation of the brain. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) continues to increase in most countries worldwide and the majority are diagnosed with thin tumours (≤1 mm). The aim of the present study was to investigate the melanoma specific survival (MSS) as well as conditional MSS (CMSS) in patients with thin CMM in Sweden. METHOD Clinical and histologic parameters from the Swedish Melanoma Registry were obtained for patients diagnosed with thin CMM between 1990-2017. Patients were followed until the end of 2017. MSS as well as CMSS for different thickness groups were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression analyses were used to calculate for survival differences between thickness groups. RESULTS 31 670 patients were included for final analyses. The overall 10- and 20-year MSS for thin CMMs was 97% (95% CI 97-97) and 95% (95% CI 95-96) respectively. From 0·7 mm and above, MSS decreased significantly with increasing thickness level. All thickness groups had an increased survival over time. The lowest CMSS was confirmed for men with 1·0 mm in thickness but their 10-year CMSS steadily increased over time. Women had overall better MSS as well as CMSS than men. However, the relation between MSS and CMSS was similar for both sexes. CONCLUSION Long-term MSS was confirmed excellent for patients with thin CMMs in Sweden. Although we could show a decreased MSS for patients with 0·7 mm and above, the long-term survival and in addition a very favourable CMSS for those patients, do not support more extended follow-up programs than current recommendations in Sweden. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Malignant melanoma (MM) causes the highest absolute number of deaths among skin cancers. An up-to-date analysis of international MM mortality trends is required for assessing burden of disease, and may support assessment of the effectiveness of new diagnostic, therapeutic and preventative strategies. OBJECTIVES To report MM mortality trends between 1985 and 2015 using the World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database. METHODS We used country-level MM mortality data from the WHO Mortality Database for all countries with high usability death registration data. Mortality trends were described using Joinpoint regression modelling. RESULTS 31 countries met inclusion criteria. All countries demonstrated increased age-standardised death rates (ASDRs) in males over the observation period except the Czech Republic. More countries exhibited decreased or stable MM mortality in females. Median mortality for 2013-2015 was 2.57 deaths per 100 000 for males and 1.55 per 100 000 for females. Australia and Norway had the highest ASDRs for males (5.72 per 100 000 and 4.55 per 100 000, respectively). Norway and Slovenia had the highest ASDRs for females (3.02 per 100 000 and 2.58 per 100 000, respectively). MM mortality was greater for males than females in all countries, with sex disparity increasing across the period. Liraglutide Disparity in mortality between older and younger cohorts in several countries was also found. CONCLUSIONS Overall increase in MM mortality over the past 30 years was observed. However, there was notable variation in mortality trends between countries, as well as between males and females, and between different age groups. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Mercury and selenium were assessed in Mustelus henlei, which is a carnivorous predatory shark that is important for the coastal communities of the northern Mexican Pacific (NMP). Sixty-two individuals were sampled; muscle and liver were isolated and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean Hg concentrations (wet weight) obtained for muscle (0.08 ± 0.10 μg g-1) and liver (0.09 ± 0.26 μg g-1) were below the allowed limits ( less then  1.0 μg g-1 Hg). The average Se concentration was 0.03 ± 0.01 μg g-1 in muscle and 0.13 ± 0.05 μg g-1 in liver. The Se/Hg molar ratio of muscle was 1.83; however, the selenium health benefit value (HBVSe) was of 0.08. We calculated that an adult man (70 kg), an adult woman (60 kg), and a child (16 kg) could consume 1595, 838, and 223 g/week of M. henlei muscle, respectively, without risks to health. In conclusion, the concentrations and molar ratio of Hg and Se in M. henlei muscle mean that consumption of this shark's meat does not represent neither a benefit nor a public health risk.Improving energy conservation efficiency is one of the prerequisites for China's manufacturing industry to transform and upgrade. Jiangsu province which presents the maximum economic volume in manufacturing and its economic status in eastern China is comparable to Shanghai. Research on the sustainable development capacity of Jiangsu's manufacturing industry gives important guidance for upgrading the manufacturing industry all over China. The core of China's manufacturing transition to a manufacturing power is to enhance its independent innovation capabilities to improve energy efficiency and its position in the global value chain. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of technological factor on energy conservation potential and the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing. In this paper, multivariate regression research method combined with risk analysis is developed to explore the influence of the research and development factor on energy conservation while introducing macroeconomic variables. Additionally, energy conservation of manufacturing in Jiangsu province in 2020 and 2025 based on historical data from 1985 to 2015 is predicted.
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