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Quantitative examination of the usefulness involving mutual procedures led by Fangcang refuge hospitals as a result of COVID-19 outbreak throughout Wuhan, China.
With the country being in lockdown for almost seven months now, all the academic studies from school to college have been shifted online. While online learning has been going on fine with some adjustments and compromises, clinical education for medical undergraduates has been seriously affected. Without the proper student-patient interaction and hands-on-experiences, acquiring clinical skills by the students has been difficult.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus exhibit multiple drug resistance phenotypes. Colonizers harboring Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus are often associated with its outbreaks in both hospital and community settings. This study was done to determine the prevalence of nasal carriage rate of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus among basic science MBBS and BDS students of Kathmandu Medical College.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in Kathmandu Medical College from March 5 to June 5 2020. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee with reference no. 040320201. A convenient sampling method was used, and the sample size was calculated with a prevalence of 50%. Two hundred students studying MBBS and BDS were enrolled. The nasal swab was collected and processed using standard microbiological methods. The data obtained were computed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16.0 Version.

Among 200 participants, 9 (4.5%) were found to be nasal carriers of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Colonization of anterior nares by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in apparently healthy individuals is a cause of concern. EGFR inhibitors cancer Education regarding Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, its carrier and significance, and its screening must be included early on in MBBS and BDS.
Colonization of anterior nares by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in apparently healthy individuals is a cause of concern. Education regarding Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, its carrier and significance, and its screening must be included early on in MBBS and BDS.A case experience of initiating the ocular fundus photography (OFP) service in a diabetes outpatient clinic of a tertiary-care institution is presented. In the community and within the hospitals, the OFP helps to develop the three-tier diabetic retinopathy (DR) care system comprising OFP-based DR screening and monitoring, an experienced ophthalmologist in laser therapy, and vitreo-retina specialist services. After three to six months of training, non-ophthalmic allied health professionals could also grade the DR. We also learned that such training program, however, requires broadening to encompass diabetes and major non-communicable diseases comprehensively to fulfill the need of the primary care nurses in health care settings and the full-time job and professional career for them. Medical students and residents now need to be 'directly' trained in the interpretation of OFP. The stakeholders involved in public health and medical education may recommend to the public hospitals and medical colleges for the provision of OFP service.The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a connective tissue disorder with variable presentations in children. The usual presentation includes arthritis, malar rash, nephritis, hemolytic anemia, and fever. Isolated hematologic abnormality as the only presentation of SLE is rare. Here is a case report of a female child presented to us with superficial and mucosal bleeding with isolated low platelet count and anemia in proportion to blood loss. When platelet count did not go up despite appropriate treatment in lines of ITP, further investigations were done, diagnosis of SLE was established, and management was done accordingly.A 32-year-old male presented with painless proptosis and diminution of vision in left eye. Imaging shows multiple well-defined masses, suggestive of cavernous haemangioma, in orbit and cranium with adjoining bones being thickened with cystic spaces. Histopathology proved the diagnosis. Cavernous haemangioma usually presents as a solitary intraconal and sometimes extraconal mass with vision usually preserved unless it extends to the apical portion. Here we report a rare case of multiple simultaneous locations of cavernous haemangiomas in orbit and cranium with significant diminution of vision.Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 pandemic has infected millions of people. The conjunctival epithelium is easily exposed to infectious droplets and body fluids making eyes a potential route and reservoir of the infection. The CD147 and ACE2 receptor has been demonstrated in ocular surface cells, which implies that these cells may facilitate as a portal of entry for transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2. Despite low viral load in tears and conjunctival swab, the negative RT-PCR results cannot exclude the possibility of the presence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in ocular secretions. Pathogens might be transported by constant tear flow through the lacrimal duct system to the respiratory tract causing infection. Eyes are unlikely to be the main transmission route, however, their role in the transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 cannot be overlooked. Therefore, proper eye protection should be instituted while attending Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 positive individuals, especially by health professionals.
Gastric cancer is a common malignancy of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Gastric cancer is a common cause of death worldwide. This research aimed to study the prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopies.

A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine at Manipal Teaching Hospital, Nepal, from January 2018 to June 2020. A total of 2640 subjects underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopies over the study period. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee of Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MEMG/ IRC/ 383/GA). Data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.

The prevalence of gastric cancer among patients undergoing UGI endoscopies was 2.4%. The mean age of subjects was 58±12.35 years (range of 31 to 96 years) with male predominance (MF=1.91). Antrum was the most common site for gastric carcinoma. The most common morphology was ulcerative growth (61.6%). Adenocarcinoma (98.4%) was the most common histology, and the majority was of intestinal subtype (56.3%).

Gastric cancer is not an uncommon finding in patients undergoing UGI endoscopies. Gastric cancers were commonly seen above 50 years of age and predominant in males. Patients with gastric carcinoma usually present late with advanced disease stages and unfavorable histopathology.
Gastric cancer is not an uncommon finding in patients undergoing UGI endoscopies. Gastric cancers were commonly seen above 50 years of age and predominant in males. Patients with gastric carcinoma usually present late with advanced disease stages and unfavorable histopathology.Due to the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, many health systems worldwide are overwhelmed, leading to the triggering of the scarcity of medical resources. The identification of indicators that require hospital admission help in the efficient allocation of medical resources. Olfactory impairment is also one of the indicators of COVID-19 infection. Many studies have analyzed olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 with a variable prevalence rate but underreporting of this problem is very much likely as the problem is considered benign. Many scientific societies have stated that olfactory dysfunction is a frequent symptom of COVID-19 and have published recommendations for it.
The growing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a critical threat for global health, including in Nepal, especially in Kathmandu District, where diabetic patients are increasing in hospitals catastrophically. This study tends to assess the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes among admitted patients visiting a hospital in Kathmandu.

An electronic chart review was done to assess the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Nepal Police hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Nepal Health Research Council. Considering eligibility criteria, 8631 cases from 4 May 2018 to 31 August 2020 were observed. The calculated sample size was 500. However, all diabetic cases, i.e., 576, were processed and analyzed using Python and later visualized using MS Excel.

The overall prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes was 6.67%. The prevalence rate was seen higher among males (7.5%). Similarly, a high prevalence rate was seen among 64-73 years, i.e., 15.10%.

The findings showed a high prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes. Older age groups are at high risk. Urgent public health interventions including lifestyle modification measures are required to reduce the extra burden of type 2 diabetes.
The findings showed a high prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes. Older age groups are at high risk. Urgent public health interventions including lifestyle modification measures are required to reduce the extra burden of type 2 diabetes.
Magnesium deficiency is common in the elderly and critically ill population and has been associated with a prolonged ICU stay. The knowledge of hypomagnesemia is essential as it could have prognostic and therapeutic implications in the elderly population. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hypomagnesemic in the elderly population visiting a tertiary care center.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from March 21, 2020 to September 21, 2020. After obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review committee (Ref. 2003202008), convenience sampling was done. Data were collected and entered in Microsoft Excel version 2007. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data.

Out of 384 participants, 174 (45%) participants were found to have deranged magnesium levels, in which 111 (29%) (31.3-26.7 at 95% Confidence Interval) were found to be hypomagnesemia. Among them, 62 (29.4%) males and 49 (28.5%) females were hypomagnesemia. The average level of serum magnesium was 2.02±0.76 mg/dl ranging from 0.03 to 4.71. The mean age of participants was 70.31±8.13 years, among which the participants between the age group of 71-80 years presented with a maximum percentage of hypomagnesemia.

The present study has shown that an apparently-healthy elderly population may have a magnesium deficiency that may need to be identified and treated for optimizing clinical care. Further multicentric studies with a greater sample size should be done in this field, which will benefit the elderly population.
The present study has shown that an apparently-healthy elderly population may have a magnesium deficiency that may need to be identified and treated for optimizing clinical care. Further multicentric studies with a greater sample size should be done in this field, which will benefit the elderly population.
Superior mesenteric artery first pancreaticoduodenectomy is being increasingly used for pancreatic head and peri-ampullary tumors. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of various approaches of superior mesenteric artery pancreaticoduodenectomy along with its postoperative complications in a tertiary care center.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study of patients undergoing superior mesenteric artery first pancreaticoduodenectomy with different approaches conducted at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal, from May 2018 to April 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee (reference no 310520193). The whole sampling method was adopted. Thirty-four patients undergoing a superior mesenteric artery first pancreaticoduodenectomy at our center with different approaches were included in the study. The data analysis was done in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.

For 34 patients chosen for the study, the male female ratio was 1.
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