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We determined location and volume of normal tissue receiving a high thermal dose.
GG volume on CBCT varied greatly (9-991 cm
). ΔT
increased for increasing GG volume; maximum ΔT
difference per patient was 0.4-0.6 °C. The risk for GG-associated treatment-limiting hot spots appeared low. Normal tissue high-temperature regions mostly occurred anteriorly; their volume and maximum temperature showed moderate positive correlations with GG volume, while fat-muscle interfaces were associated with higher risks for hot spots.
Considerable changes in volume and position of gastrointestinal gas can occur and are associated with clinically relevant tumor temperature differences.
Considerable changes in volume and position of gastrointestinal gas can occur and are associated with clinically relevant tumor temperature differences.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms within the interferon lambda 4 (
gene influence liver inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver disease. We investigated whether this is also the case during acute liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis. We, therefore, related variants within the
gene to the clinical course of acute alcoholic hepatitis, and characterized the activation state of the IFN lambda system in these patients.
In this pilot study, 58 patients with alcoholic hepatitis were genotyped for the
single nucleotide polymorphism (deltaG, deltaG/TT IFN lambda 4 positive, TT/TT IFN lambda 4 negative). The genotypes were related to mortality, infection and inflammation and expression of the IFNL receptor 1 and IFN inducible genes were measured in liver and peripheral leukocytes.
Amongst the alcoholic hepatitis patients who died, the IFN negative patients live longer after diagnosis, and also the IFN negative patients tended to have an overall short-term survival benefit compared to IFN lambda positive patients (
= .058). The IFN lambda 4 negative patients at diagnosis had fewer circulating monocytes and lower plasma soluble CD163. The patients with alcoholic hepatitis had reduced expression of the IFNL receptor 1in both liver and blood compared with healthy controls. In blood, the expression of IFN stimulated genes was lower than in healthy controls and most so in the patients, who died.
The IFN lambda 4 pathway seems involved in the acute disease processes of alcoholic hepatitis and patients without IFN lambda expression seem to have a short-term survival benefit.
The IFN lambda 4 pathway seems involved in the acute disease processes of alcoholic hepatitis and patients without IFN lambda expression seem to have a short-term survival benefit.Long non-coding RNA breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 4 (lncRNA BCAR4) is an independent factor on the survival prognosis of patients with multiple cancers. However, the role of lncRNA BCAR4 in esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) remains unknown. Here, we unraveled that lncRNA BCAR4 was upregulated in ESCC and predicted poor prognosis. Functionally, lncRNA BCAR4 knockdown induced cell apoptosis and G1/S arrest, while inhibited cell proliferation and migration in vitro; conversely, overexpressing lncRNA BCAR4 promoted proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, lncRNA BCAR4 sponged miR-139-3p to upregulate ELAVL1, thereby inhibiting p53/p21 pathway in ESCC cells. In conclusion, lncRNA BCAR4 promotes ESCC tumorigenesis via regulating p53/p21 signaling pathway and develops a brand-new biomarker and medicine target for ESCC.
Outdoor play, physical activity, and social cohesion are crucial indicators of community health. PlayStreets, a street play initiative to engage local children and families in outdoor play, physical activity, and social interactions, were implemented in a low-income neighborhood in Columbus, Ohio throughout the summer of 2019. This article aims to describe the implementation of a hospital-sponsored PlayStreets model executed through support from a community health initiative and to assess neighborhood impact through parent and child surveys.
Approximately 350 children attended the events and 69 surveys were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze survey data.
The mean age of children was 7 years, and the majority of children who attended were male. selleck chemicals llc If not for PlayStreets, 55% of caregivers reported that their children would be inside. Event satisfaction levels were high, and 54% of caregivers said that they had more contact with their neighbors because of the events.
Hospital buy-in and community support were crucial to the success of the event. We found that this model can successfully engage the local community while increasing opportunity for childhood outdoor play, physical activity, and neighborhood social interaction.
Hospital buy-in and community support were crucial to the success of the event. We found that this model can successfully engage the local community while increasing opportunity for childhood outdoor play, physical activity, and neighborhood social interaction.Introduction The clinical manifestations of sickle cell disease (SCD) result from an inherited mutation in the beta-globin chain of hemoglobin (Hb) that causes Hb tetramers to polymerize when deoxygenated. The resulting erythrocyte deformation causes mechanical obstruction of blood flow by sickled cells, hemolysis, anemia and end-organ injury. While pain is the hallmark symptom of SCD, chronic organ injury as a result of anemia, inflammation and progressive vasculopathy play a major role in morbidity and mortality. Due to the complex pathophysiology of SCD, the need for an individualized, multi-modal pharmacologic approach is apparent. Until 2018, hydroxyurea was the only disease-modifying pharmacologic therapy approved for use in SCD. Since then, three new agents have been approved including voxelotor, the subject of this review.Areas covered Published pre-clinical and clinical data are reviewed. Voxelotor is a first-in-class small-molecule agent that binds to Hb and increases oxygen affinity, preventing polymerization. Recent clinical trials have shown that it increases Hb concentration and reduces hemolysis in patients with SCD. This increase in Hb concentration may significantly impact morbidity and mortality from chronic organ injury.Expert opinion The mechanism of action, published studies and current opinions on the clinical use of voxelotor in SCD are presented.
Website: https://www.selleckchem.com/
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