Notes

Analysis of the connection among polymorphisms within MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP20, TIMP1, along with TIMP2 genes with white place skin lesions and also earlier childhood caries.
Yolk-shell magnetic mesoporous microspheres exhibit potential applications in biomedicine, bioseparation, and catalysis. Most previous reports focus on establishing various interface assembly strategies to construct yolk-shell mesoporous structures, while little work has been done to control their surface topology and study their relevant applications. Herein, a unique kind of broccoli-like yolk-shell magnetic mesoporous silica (YS-BMM) microsphere is fabricated through a surfactant-free kinetic controlled interface assembly strategy. The obtained YS-BMM microspheres possess a well-defined structure consisting of a magnetic core, middle void, mesoporous silica shell with tunable surface roughness, large superparamagnetism (36.4 emu g-1 ), high specific surface area (174 m2 g-1 ), and large mesopores of 10.9 nm. Thanks to these merits and properties, the YS-BMM microspheres are demonstrated to be an ideal support for immobilization of ultrafine Pt nanoparticles (≈3.7 nm) and serve as superior nanocatalysts for hydrogenation of 4-nitrophenol with yield of over 90% and good magnetic recyclability. Furthermore, YS-BMM microspheres show excellent biocompatibility and can be easily phagocytosed by osteoclasts, revealing a potential candidate in sustained drug release in orthopedic disease therapy.Carbon dots (CDs) are a booming material and the most recent incomer in the big family of carbon nanostructures. Specifically, CDs are nanosized fluorescent core-shell nanoparticles with tunable absorption and emission spectra, with high solubility in aqueous media and common organic solvents. Herein, the origins and the development of these unique nanoscale structures are discussed, key synthetic routes are briefly described, and the utilization of CDs in light-induced charge-transfer schemes is mainly focused upon. Beyond the impact of the CD's surface on the photoluminescence properties, functionalization, by covalent or supramolecular means, permits controllable incorporation of new functionalities with novel photophysical properties. Furthermore, the dual nature of CDs as electron donating or electron accepting species, unveiled upon interfacing them with organic chromophores, highlights their potentiality in managing diverse charge-transfer processes. Novel mechanisms, such as symmetry-breaking photoinduced charge-transfer can be activated upon covalent functionalization of CDs with organic dyes. Without a doubt, participation of CDs in energy conversion schemes opens up a wide avenue that may lead to the development of novel prototype devices suitable for technological applications and related to photonics and optoelectronics.Little is known about fasting practices and dietary changes during Ramadan in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Although pregnant women are exempt from fasting, they may still fast. This is of interest as dietary habits during pregnancy may affect the development of the unborn child. In a community-based sample of young women in rural Sylhet division, Bangladesh, we described fasting practices and beliefs (n = 852). We also examined reported food group consumption and minimally adequate dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) by Ramadan occurrence (n = 1,895) and by fasting adherence (n = 558) using logistic regression with Hindu women as a seasonal control. During Ramadan in 2018, 78% of pregnant Muslim women fasted every day. Over 80% of Muslim women believe that they should fast during pregnancy and over 50% expect positive health effects on the mother and the unborn child. We found strong evidence that Muslim women have more diverse diets during Ramadan, with higher odds of MDD-W (OR [95% CI] 5.0 [3.6, 6.9]) and increased consumption of pulses, dairy, fruit, and large fish. Dietary diversity increased to a lesser extent on non-fasting days during Ramadan. Ramadan appears to improve dietary quality in both fasting and non-fasting Muslim women in a rural population in Bangladesh. These results help to interpret findings from studies on Ramadan during pregnancy on later-life outcomes and thus contribute to a better understanding of intrauterine influences of maternal nutrition on healthy child development.Lipofuscin is one of the indicators of oxidative stress. To elucidate the role of oxidative stress in the development of wooden breast, this study investigates lipofuscin accumulation in various parts of wooden breast muscles. Sampling was performed using 46-day-old broiler chickens housed at a commercial Japanese poultry slaughterhouse. Fourteen wooden breast fillets and 13 normal breast fillets were collected in the deboning line. The samples used to measure shear force, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), and for histological analysis were taken from the six portions of breast muscle fillets. In muscles affected by wooden breast, vacuolated muscle fibers were observed, and connective tissues appearing like perimysium were expanded with fibrosis. TBARS value and accumulation of lipofuscin were significantly higher in the wooden breast than in the normal breasts. A lot of lipofuscin granules were localized in the cytoplasm of collapsed muscle fibers of the wooden breast. The cranial portion of the wooden breast showed the highest shear force. The cranial position had a large amount of connective tissue and lipofuscin granules. The results of the present study strongly suggest that high oxidative stress, especially with a significant accumulation of lipofuscin, is associated with the development of wooden breasts.The durability issue of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) still limits its practical application for long-term operation, especially in harvesting water energy, which is one of the most widespread energies in nature. Attempting to ameliorate this, fluorinated graphene (FG) with unique triboelectric negativity and superhydrophobic property is introduced to serve as a new triboelectric and protective layer for TENG construction. The self-cleaning as well as anti-corrosion property and durability of the FG coating-enabled TENG device is then demonstrated. Furthermore, this novel triboelectronegative material candidate is applied for consecutively coating on Cu mesh and the inner wall of sewage pipe to fabricate TENGs for water energy harvesting and working as a metal protective layer in the meantime. Through the extraordinary output performance, the feasibility of FG-enabled triboelectric coating to be used in the field of interference screening, filtering, and sewage pipes is proved. This developed triboelectronegative coating not only broadens the material selection of TENG but also significantly enhances the durability and robustness of TENG for water energy harvesting, which possesses great potential in applying in metal protection and water energy harvesting under extreme conditions (e.g., strong acid and strong alkaline environments).A kind of metal-organic framework (MOF) aerogels are synthesized by the self-assembly of uniform and monodisperse MOF nanofibers. Such MOF nanofiber aerogels as carbon precursors can effectively avoid the aggregation of nanofibers during calcination, resulting in the formation of well-dispersed hollow porous carbon nanofibers (HPCNs). Moreover, HPCNs with well-dispersion are investigated as sulfur host materials for Li-S batteries and electrocatalysts for cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). On the one hand, HPCNs act as hosts for the encapsulation of sulfur into their hierarchical micro- and mesopores as well as hollow nanostructures. The obtained sulfur cathode exhibits excellent electrochemical features, good cycling stability and high coulombic efficiency. On the other hand, HPCNs exhibit better electrocatalytic activity than aggregated counterparts for ORR. Furthermore, a highly active single atom electrocatalyst can be prepared by the carbonization of bimetallic MOF nanofiber aerogels. The results indicate that well-dispersed HPCNs show enhanced electrochemical properties in contrast to their aggregated counterparts, suggesting that the dispersion situation of nanomaterials significantly influence their final performance. The present concept of employing MOF nanofiber aerogels as precursors will provide a new strategy to the design of MOF-derived nanomaterials with well-dispersion for their applications in energy storage and conversion.Synthesis of high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes arrays with pure semiconducting type is crucial for the fabrication of integrated circuits in nanoscale. However, the naturally grown carbon nanotubes usually have diverse structures and properties. Here the bicomponent catalyst using Au and ZrO2 is designed and prepared. The Au nanoparticle serves as the catalysts for carbon feedstock cracking and facilitating the nucleation of carbon nanotubes, whereas the close-connected ZrO2 forms a localized etching zone around Au by releasing lattice oxygen and to inhibit the nucleation of metallic carbon nanotubes precisely. The obtained single-walled carbon nanotubes array show a high semiconducting content of >96%, on the basis of good performance of field-effect transistor devices. And such building of localized etching zone is compatible with other catalyst systems as a universal and efficient method for the scalable production of semiconducting carbon nanotubes.The characterization of vascular geometry is a fundamental step towards the correct interpretation of coronary artery disease. In this work, we report a comprehensive comparison of the geometry featured by coronary vessels as obtained from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and the combination of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) with bi-plane angiography (AX) modalities. CaffeicAcidPhenethylEster We analyzed 34 vessels from 28 patients with coronary disease, which were deferred to CCTA and IVUS procedures. We discuss agreement and discrepancies between several geometric indexes extracted from vascular geometries. Such an analysis allows us to understand to which extent the coronary vascular geometry can be reliable in the interpretation of geometric risk factors, and as a surrogate to characterize coronary artery disease.Millions of degrees of freedom are often required to accurately represent the electrophysiology of the myocardium due to the presence of discretization effects. This study seeks to explore the influence of temporal and spatial discretization on the simulation of cardiac electrophysiology in conjunction with changes in modeling choices. Several finite element analyses are performed to examine how discretization affects solution time, conduction velocity and electrical excitation. Discretization effects are considered along with changes in the electrophysiology model and solution approach. Two action potential models are considered the Aliev-Panfilov model and the ten Tusscher-Noble-Noble-Panfilov model. The solution approaches consist of two time integration schemes and different treatments for solving the local system of ordinary differential equations. The efficiency and stability of the calculation approaches are demonstrated to be dependent on the action potential model. The dependency of the conduction velocity on the element size and time step is shown to be different for changes in material parameters. Finally, the discrepancies between the wave propagation in coarse and fine meshes are analyzed based on the temporal evolution of the transmembrane potential at a node and its neighboring Gauss points. Insight obtained from this study can be used to suggest new methods to improve the efficiency of simulations in cardiac electrophysiology.
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