Notes

Gold diamine fluoride and also glass ionomer differentially remineralize earlier caries lesions, inside situ.
Sixty-two patients from Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital (high-altitude [HA] group) and 102 patients from Peking University People's Hospital (low-altitude [LA] group) were recruited. The ERI for HA group and LA group was 6.9 ± 5.1 IU w-1 kg-1 (g/dL)-1 and 11.5 ± 6.4 IU w-1 kg-1 (g/dL)-1, respectively. After adjusting for covariates by multivariable regression, altitude was independently associated with ERI (R2 = 0.245, p < 0.001).

Altitude had an independent negative correlation with ERI. This result supported the hypothesis that altitude-associated hypoxia improved EPO responsiveness in MHD patients.
Altitude had an independent negative correlation with ERI. This result supported the hypothesis that altitude-associated hypoxia improved EPO responsiveness in MHD patients.
The delipid extracorporeal lipoprotein filter from plasma (DELP) has been approved for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) by the China Food and Drug Administration, but its effectiveness and mechanism are not yet fully determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of DELP treatment on AIS patients after intravenous thrombolysis.

A retrospective study was performed on AIS patients with no improvement within 24 h after intravenous thrombolysis who were subsequently treated with or without DELP. Primary outcome was the proportion with a modified Rankin scale (mRS) of 0-1 at 90 days. Secondary outcomes were changes in National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score from 24 h to 14 days after thrombolysis, and the rate of improvement in stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). The main safety outcomes were the rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality. To investigate its mechanisms, serum biomarkers were measured before and after DELP.

A total of 252 patients were recruited, 63 in the DELP group and 189 matched patients in the NO DELP group. Compared with the NO DELP group, the DELP group showed an increase in the proportion of mRS 0-1 at 90 days (p = 0.042). More decrease in NIHSS from 24 h to 14 days (p = 0.024), a higher rate of improvement in SAP (p = 0.022), and lower mortality (p = 0.040) were shown in DELP group. Furthermore, DELP decreased levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, E-selectin, malondialdehyde, matrix metalloprotein 9, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and fibrinogen, and increased superoxide dismutase (p< 0.05).

DELP following intravenous thrombolysis should be safe, and is associated with neurological function improvement, possibly through multiple neuroprotective mechanisms. Prospective trials are needed.
DELP following intravenous thrombolysis should be safe, and is associated with neurological function improvement, possibly through multiple neuroprotective mechanisms. Prospective trials are needed.Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common form of organ dysfunction occurring in patients admitted to the intensive care unit and contributes significantly to poor long-term outcomes. Despite this public health impact, no effective pharmacotherapy exists for AKI. One reason may be that heterogeneity is present within AKI as currently defined, thereby concealing unique pathophysiologic processes specific to certain AKI populations. Supporting this notion, we and others have shown that diversity within the AKI clinical syndrome exists, and the "one-size-fits-all" approach by current diagnostic guidelines may not be ideal. A "precision medicine" approach that exploits an individual's genetic, biologic, and clinical characteristics to identify AKI sub-phenotypes may overcome such limitations. Identification of AKI sub-phenotypes may address a critical unmet clinical need in AKI by (1) improving risk prognostication, (2) identifying novel pathophysiology, and (3) informing a patient's likelihood of responding to current therapeutics or establishing new therapeutic targets to prevent and treat AKI. This review discusses the current state of phenotyping AKI and future directions.
Anemia predicts poor clinical outcome of ischemic stroke in the general stroke population. We studied whether this applies to those treated with mechanical thrombectomy for proximal anterior circulation occlusion in the setting of differing collateral circulation.

We collected the data of 347 consecutive anterior circulation stroke patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy after multimodal CT imaging in a single tertiary stroke care center. Patients with occlusion of the internal carotid artery and/or the first segment of the middle cerebral artery were included. We recorded baseline clinical, laboratory, procedural, and imaging variables, and the technical, imaging, and clinical outcomes. Differences between anemic and nonanemic patients were studied with appropriate statistical tests and binary logistic regression analysis.

Ninety-four out of the 285 patients eligible for analysis had anemia, and 243 had fair or good collateral circulation (collateral score, CS, >0). Fifty-four percent of the patients experienced good 3-month clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale ≤2). In pooled analyses of the CS 1-4 and 2-4 ranges, nonanemic patients had good clinical outcome significantly more often (p < 0.001 for both). This effect was not seen in patients with poor collateral circulation (CS = 0). Nonanemic patients had significantly better odds of good clinical outcome (OR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.377-5.030, p = 0.004) in a binary regression model. A 0.1 g/dL increase in hemoglobin improved the odds of good clinical outcome by 2% (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.002-1.044, p = 0.03).

Low hemoglobin on admission predicts poor clinical outcome in mechanical thrombectomy patients with fair or good collateral circulation.
Low hemoglobin on admission predicts poor clinical outcome in mechanical thrombectomy patients with fair or good collateral circulation.
Prematurely born infants regularly develop respiratory distress syndrome and require assisted ventilation. Ventilation may injure the premature lung and increase the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), a form of noninvasive ventilation, is commonly used in modern neonatology. Limited clinical data are available on the acute and long-term effect of neonatal exposure to CPAP on the lung. Given the restricted clinical data, newborn animal models have been used to study the influence of CPAP on lung structure and function. Selleckchem Lotiglipron The findings of animal studies can guide neonatal care and improve the use of CPAP.

A systematic review of electronic databases (Medline, Embase, and Cinahl) was performed using the medical subject heading terms, "CPAP" or "continuous positive airway pressure" and "animals" and "newborn." Abstracts were screened for inclusion using predetermined eligibility criteria.

In total, 235 abstracts were identified and screened for inclusion. Of these, 21 papers were included.
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