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Changed synaptic online connectivity as well as brain function inside rats deficient microglial card protein Iba1.
BACKGROUND Frailty is an emerging public health concern among aging populations. Although socioeconomic status is a well-known contributor to frailty, there is limited research investigating the effects of poverty on frailty. This study aimed to examine the association between poverty transitions and frailty prevalence in older adults. METHODS Data were collected from the six-wave Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006-2016). A total of 9263 middle-aged and older adults were included in the analysis. Poverty was defined as being below 50% of the median household income based on the equivalized household. Frailty was measured using an instrument comprising items on physical phenotype (grip strength) and psychological (exhaustion) and social aspects (isolation). Analyses using generalized estimating equations were conducted to estimate the relationship between poverty transition and frailty status. RESULTS Among the 9263 respondents, 9.4% of the male respondents (n = 388) and 13.6% of the female respondents (n = 700) were frail. After controlling for covariates, female participants who transitioned into poverty (OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.02-1.69) and persistently remained in poverty (OR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.10-1.68) showed increased odds of frailty in the follow-up year. We did not find significant results in the male participants. Mito-TEMPO mw CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that those who experience poverty transitions, enter poverty, and remain in poverty persistently are at higher risk of frailty. To improve age-related health status among the elderly, interventions aiming to prevent and reduce frailty among the elderly should target individuals who are more vulnerable to the negative effects of frailty.BACKGROUND The purpose of the research was to explore the extent of interaction between triglycerides (TG) and serum uric acid (SUA) level with blood pressure (BP) in middle-aged and elderly individuals in China. METHODS Data were selected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a cross-sectional study. 3345(46.99%) men with average ages of 60.24 ± 9.24 years and 3774 (53.01%) women with average ages of 59.91 ± 9.95 years were included in the study. Differences between gender, or between categories of blood pressure levels were evaluated by t-test or chi-square test. The adjusted associations between various characteristics and BP status were first compared using linear regression models, as appropriate. Then, A general linear model adjusted for confounding factors (socio-demographic characteristics [age, educational levels, marital status, place of residence], health behaviors [cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, eating habits, social and leisure activities, accidental injury, physificantly and positively associated with SBP in both men (SBP β =0.047, P = 0.013) and women (SBP β =0.040, P = 0.028), regardless of other confounding factors. After adjusting for related potential confounders, evidence of interaction between SUA and TG level on SBP (men β = - 1.090, P = 0.726; women β = - 0.692, P = 0.861) and DBP (men β = - 1.026, P = 0.572; women β = - 0.794, P = 0.842) was not observed. CONCLUSION The interaction effect of SUA and TG level on BP was not observed in our study. Moreover, high SUA level was significantly associated with SBP, while high TG level was strongly related to both DBP and SBP.BACKGROUND Fruit cracking occurs easily under unsuitable environmental conditions and is one of the main types of damage that occurs in fruit production. It is widely accepted that plants have developed defence mechanisms and regulatory networks that respond to abiotic stress, which involves perceiving, integrating and responding to stress signals by modulating the expression of related genes. Fruit cracking is also a physiological disease caused by abiotic stress. It has been reported that a single or several genes may regulate fruit cracking. However, almost none of these reports have involved cracking regulatory networks. RESULTS Here, RNA expression in 0 h, 8 h and 30 h saturated irrigation-treated fruits from two contrasting tomato genotypes, 'LA1698' (cracking-resistant, CR) and 'LA2683' (cracking-susceptible, CS), was analysed by mRNA and lncRNA sequencing. The GO pathways of the differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly enriched in the 'hormone metabolic process', 'cell wall organization', 'oxidoreduifically, lncRNAs regulate the hormone-redox-cell wall network, including plant hormone (auxin, ethylene) and ROS (H2O2) signal transduction and many cell wall-related mRNAs (EXP, PG, XTH), as well as some lncRNAs (XLOC_16662 and XLOC_033910, etc.).BACKGROUND The granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of amylose, and therefore, its absence results in individuals with a waxy starch phenotype in various amylaceous crops. The validation of mutation points previously associated with the waxy starch phenotype in cassava, as well as the identification of alternative mutant alleles in the GBSSI gene, can allow the development of molecular-assisted selection to introgress the waxy starch mutation into cassava breeding populations. RESULTS A waxy cassava allele has been identified previously, associated with several SNPs. A particular SNP (intron 11) was used to develop SNAP markers for screening heterozygote types in cassava germplasm. Although the molecular segregation corresponds to the expected segregation at 31 ratio (dominant gene for the presence of amylose), the homozygotes containing the SNP associated with the waxy mutation did not show waxy phenotypes. To identify more markers, we sequenced the GBSS gene from 8can exhibit several mutations in cassava, only the deletion in exon 6 (MeWxEx6-del-C) was correlated with the waxy phenotype in the original AM206-5 source.BACKGROUND Data of susceptible gene polymorphisms related to progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with three-vessel disease (TVD) is limited in China. This case-control study aimed to analyze the differences of variant carrier frequencies between cases and controls, and to explain the possible genetic effects on the progression of TVD. METHODS A total of 8943 TVD patients were consecutively enrolled. Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) included all-cause death, acute myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, readmission and stroke. Patients with 1-year MACCE in this cohort were selected as MACCE group. Blood samples from MACCE group and non-CAD control groups were collected, and a deoxyribonucleic acid library was created. A total of 34 tag or hot single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in six genes including CDKN2B-AS1, ADAMTS7, ABO, ADAMTS13, IL-18, and PECAM1 were analyzed by a SNPscan™ multi-genotyping kit. Carrier frequencies of each SNP were compared between theth TVD in China, variant alleles on CDKN2B-AS1 gene may form part of the genetic basis of coronary atherosclerosis progression, promoting or suppressing ischemic events.BACKGROUND The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in Africa is not known but is believed to be increasing because of demographic and epidemiologic transition. The main objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and risk factors of GERD, and its degree of overlap with dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in Nigeria, a typical African population. METHODS This was an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study of adult Nigerians. Diagnosis of GERD was by means of the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERDQ) while the diagnosis of dyspepsia and IBS was based on the Rome III criteria for the diagnosis of functional gastrointestinal disorders. The GERDQ and Rome III questionnaires for dyspepsia and IBS were merged into a composite questionnaire and administered to the study participants who were recruited with a multi-stage sampling technique. RESULTS Out of 3520 subjects who participated in the study across the country, 269 (7.6%) satisfied the diagnostic criteria for GERD, while 107 (3.0%) had GERD associated with significant impairment of quality of life. Risk factors of GERD (represented by odds ratios) were age 1.014(95% CI 1.006-1.022), use of analgesics 1.461 (95% CI 1.060-2.025), and use of herbs 1.318 (95% CI 1.020-1.704). Overlap of GERD with dyspepsia and/or IBS was observed in over 50% of cases. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of GERD in this study is 7.6%. Age, use of analgesics and use of herbs increase the risk, albeit minimally. A high degree of overlap with dyspepsia and IBS exists in Nigerian patients with GERD.BACKGROUND The function of 4-coumarate-CoA ligases (4CL) under abiotic stresses has been studied in plants, however, limited is known about the 4CL genes in cotton (G. hirsutum L.) and their roles in response to drought stress. RESULTS We performed genome-wide identification of the 4CL genes in G. hirsutum and investigated the expression profiles of the identified genes in various cotton tissues and in response to stress conditions with an aim to identify 4CL gene(s) associated with drought tolerance. We identified 34 putative 4CL genes in G. hirsutum that were clustered into three classes. Genes of the same class usually share a similar gene structure and motif composition. Many cis-elements related to stress and phytohormone responses were found in the promoters of the Gh4CL genes. Of the 34 Gh4CL genes, 26 were induced by at least one abiotic stress and 10 (including Gh4CL7) were up-regulated under the polyethylene glycol (PEG) simulated drought stress conditions. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) in cotGh4CL7-silencing plants than in controls. Taken together, these results demonstrated that Gh4CL7 could positively respond to drought stress and therefore might be a candidate gene for improvement of drought tolerance in cotton. CONCLUSION We characterized the 4CL gene family in upland cotton and revealed a role of Gh4CL7 in lignin biosynthesis and drought tolerance.BACKGROUND Chronic liver disease (CLD) is usually asymptomatic but earlier detection is critical to permit life-saving interventions for those at risk due to high alcohol consumption and increased body mass index (BMI). The aim of this study was to estimate the association between the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) test and liver-related events (LRE) and its performance in predicting LRE in postmenopausal women with risk factors in a nested case-control study within the United Kingdom Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS). METHODS In a cohort of 95,126 we performed a case-control study measuring ELF in blinded samples from 173 participants with self-reported high alcohol use and / or BMI ≥25 kg/m2 comprising all 58 cases who developed LRE and 115 controls matched for age, alcohol and BMI who did not develop LRE during median follow-up of 8.5 years. RESULTS Using Cox regression at an ELF threshold of 10.51 hazard ratios (HR) for LRE were 4.88 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.37-10.03) (unadjusted model) anrate the potential of ELF as a prognostic tool in health checks in primary care. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is nested in UKCTOCS. UKCTOCS is registered as an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial, number ISRCTN22488978. Registered 06/04/2000.
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