Notes

Qualitative-quantitative investigation associated with multi-mycotoxin in take advantage of using the high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem size spectrometry along with the quick, simple, cheap, powerful, tough and safe technique.
The first annotated checklist of ensiferan and caeliferan Orthoptera of Slovakia is presented. Altogether, we found 129 species (59 Ensifera, 70 Caelifera) in the fauna of Slovakia, based on a critical revision of museum collections, all records published since 1826 and our own unpublished data from mapping in 1994-2019 (~2000 sites located in 97.5% of the mapping grid cells). Forty-four species reach the limit of their distributional range within the country, and 31 have their northern limit there. Four species are endemic to Slovakia. In total, 11 species were erroneously reported from the country and are not included in this checklist. The relatively rich species spectrum reflects the diversity of habitats in an area of about 50 thousand km2 and elevations from 94 to 2,655 masl. We found 30 species exclusive for the Pannonian and 18 for the Alpine biogeographical region in the study area. We emphasize changes compared to previous species lists published in 1977 and 1999, when nine species were first recorded after 1999, and eight other species have been missing for more than 50 years. Distributional patterns, accompanied by site maps, are commented for 42 species. Taxonomic, nomenclatural and zoogeographical problems are discussed for a further 23 species. Based on the actual IUCN Red List criteria, we assessed all 129 species. The species were red-listed as follows regional extinct (Celes variabilis), critically endangered (Isophya beybienkoi, I. costata, Poecilimon fussii, Pachytrachis gracilis, Saga pedo, Paracaloptenus caloptenoides, Acrotylus insubricus, Stenobothrus fischeri), endangered (Poecilimon intermedius, Gampsocleis glabra, Pholidoptera frivaldszkyi, Myrmeleotettix antennatus), vulnerable (nine species), near threatened (18) and data deficient (12). A brief account of the Orthoptera research history in Slovakia is outlined.The genus Valdasus Stål, 1860 is reviewed. Four species are described as new Valdasus favrei n. sp., V. ferrerai n. sp., V. flavinotum n. sp., and V. henryi n. sp. V. erebeus Distant, 1883 and V. stygius Distant, 1883 are transferred again to Valdasus (original combination reestablished) from Peltidocylapus Poppius and they are redescribed along with the type species V. schoenherri Stål, 1860. Presence of V. bolivianus in Argentina is challenged after new analysis of female specimen mentioned in literature.Polycirridae from French waters are revised based on material available in French marine stations and newly collected specimens. This work is the third part of the Spaghetti Project aiming to revise French species of "Spaghetti" terebellid worms. It describes eight new species using both morphological (for all species) and molecular (for some species) tools Amaeana gremarei n. sp., Polycirrus catalanensis n. sp., P. glasbyi n. sp., P. gujanensis n. sp., P. idex n. sp., P. nogueirai n. sp., P. pennarbedae n. sp. and P. readi n. sp., in addition to a previously described species. An identification key for European species of Polycirridae is also provided.Two new species of ambrosia beetles in the Xyleborini from southeastern Mexico are described and illustrated Ambrosiodmus spinosus n. sp. and Dryocoeetoides tuberculatus n. sp.Recent studies of extinct soldier beetles have generated an immense amount of new information. Scientists have described various new species of †Cacomorphocerus Schaufuss, 1892, confirming the remarkable diversification and evolution of this genus and the Cantharidae family during the Eocene. In the present work, we describe a new species from Baltic amber. Cacomorphocerus marki sp. nov., is the first species of Cacomorphocerus discovered with filiform 11-segmented antennae. Based on inclusions in Baltic and Rovno amber, it now appears certain that the genus Cacomorphocerus and the tribe Cacomorphocerini Fanti Kupryjanowicz, 2018 evolved and subsequently went extinct in Europe during the Eocene. Known for more than 100 years from a single species, the genus is now known to be far more morphologically diversified thanks to these recent discoveries.A new species of the genus Caroperla Kohno, 1946, C. brevihamata Mo, Wang Li, sp. nov., is described from the Huaping National Nature Reserve of northeastern Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern, China. The relationships based on morphological characteristics of the new species and related species are discussed.Sibiriulus mikhaljovae sp. nov. is described from the Altai Province, southwestern Siberia, Russia. This new species differs from its congeners mainly by the presence of a longitudinal crest inside the apical fovea of the gonopod mesomere. Brief descriptive remarks concerning several previously described Sibiriulus species allow for the definition of the genus to be supplemented and refined. All eight currently known species of Sibiriulus are keyed.The present paper deals with the revision in the generic name of the phalangopsid cricket, Luzaropsis mjobergi Chopard (1926) as Paraluzaropsis, based on significant differences in certain morphological and the male genitalia characters. The male of Paraluzaropsis mjobergi (Chopard) has been described for the first time with suitable plates and line diagrams that was collected from South India. A key to the existing genera of the tribe Luzaropsini has been presented.Neohydatothrips bicolor sp. n. and N. fascipennis sp. n. are described from Japan, and the micropterous female of N. elaeagni (Kudo) is newly recorded. An identification key is provided to the 10 Neohydatothrips species known from Japan.A new genus of Neotropical Lycidae, Currhaeus gen. nov., is herein proposed as the second Eurrhacini genus lacking parameres in male genitalia. Seven new species are described Currhaeus striatus sp. nov., C. nigroapicalis sp. nov., C. championi sp. nov., C. tabascensis sp. nov., C. ruschii sp. nov., C. polegattoi sp. nov., and C. paranaensis sp. nov. Illustrations of diagnostic characters and a key to species identification are presented. Parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of morphological data demonstrated that Currhaeus gen. nov. belongs in the crown Eurrhacini. Implied weighting parsimony trees recovered Currhaeus as sister to Eurrhacus Waterhouse.Two species of axiid shrimp are reported from sublittoral to upper bathyal waters around the Ogasawara Islands, Japan. The first, Bouvieraxius keiensis Sakai, 1992, is recorded from Japanese waters for the first time, although it is known widely from the southwestern Pacific to western Indian Ocean. Taxonomic problems of this taxon are pointed out. The second, Manaxius aurantiaca n. sp., is described based on a single female specimen from the Kaikata Seamount (at a depth of 299-335 m). It has rounded pleura of the pleomeres 2-5, and is notable in the lack of spines on the upper margin of the cheliped palms. In this regard, the new species closely resembles M. AG-348 iro Poore, 2020. Differentiating characters between M. aurantiaca n. sp. and M. iro are discussed.The species of the antlion genus Distoleon Banks, 1910 (Myrmeleontidae, Myrmeleontinae, Nemoleontini) from Pakistan are revised. Three species, Distoleon sambalpurensis Ghosh, 1984, Distoleon tappa (Walker, 1853), and Distoleon verendus (Walker, 1853), all known from northern Pakistan, are re-described. Myrmeleon vesanus Walker, 1853 syn. nov. is assigned as a junior synonym of Distoleon verendus (Walker, 1853). The female of Distoleon tappa is described for the first time. Discussions about the geographical distribution of all these species are provided in detail. A key to known species of Distoleon from Pakistan is provided.Paratropis elicioi was described in 2015 from specimens collected in Ecuador. Both sexes were described, scientific illustrations of all relevant morphological characters were provided. Perafán et al. (2019) claimed to redescribe Paratropis elicioi from specimens collected in Colombia, without examining the holotype or paratype. Evidence that the description published by Perafán et al. 2019 is not Paratropis elicioi is presented. Two new sympatric species are described P. otonga sp. n. and P. pristirana sp. n.The presence of the same general structure and vestiture, an overall similarity in coloration with merely a few minor differences, a broad range of intraspecific variation with several intermediate color varieties forms, and the similar structure of the male genitalia in three Neotropical species of Brontostoma Kirkaldy, 1904 (Hemiptera Heteroptera Reduviidae Ectrichodiinae) led to the hypothesis that all of them represent a single species, resulting in the following newly proposed subjective synonymies B. basalis (Stål, 1859) = B. sanguinosum (Stål, 1872), syn. nov. = B. pallitarsis (Walker, 1873), syn. nov. The male genitalia of another nominal species, B. infensum Wygodzinsky, 1951, showed a set of differences which are judged to sufficiently support the recognition of it as a separate species. Intraspecific morphological and color variations of B. basalis are documented and discussed, and this species is recorded from French Guiana for the first time.Sivayyapram et al. (2020) omitted to note the full type deposition of Phlogiellus daweiensis and Phlogiellus raveni; that is corrected herein.A new species of marine free living nematode Spinonema gracilispiculum sp. n. is described from the oxygen minimum zone of the eastern Arabian Sea (216m) margin. This new nematode species was found exclusively in the station with sandy texture and dissolved oxygen level 0.35 ml/l and are represented by only few individuals from a single location, despite analysing 288 core samples from an extensive survey along the eastern Arabian Sea OMZ region covering from 06°57'19″N to 21°30'639″N. Spinonema gracilispiculum sp. n. differs from other known species of the genus in the body length, position of the dorsal spine, contour and span of lateral alae, size and shape of spicules, number of pre cloacal setae and sexual dimorphism in presence of dorsal spine and amphideal fovea shape. This is the first record of the genus Spinonema from the Indian Ocean. A pictorial and dichotomous keys to the species of Spinonema are also provided, supplemented with comparative morphometric details of all valid species based on published information.The systematics of the genus Hannia Vari 1978, endemic to freshwater habitats of remote north-western Australia, is revised in light of recent collections in the region and a molecular study of the group that identified an undescribed candidate species. A new freshwater fish species (Hannia wintoni sp. nov) is described based on analysis of multiple nuclear genetic markers (53 allozyme loci), mitochondrial DNA sequence data (601 bp cytochrome b) and morphology (examination of a suite of 66 morphometric and meristic characters). Head profile, postorbital length, maximum length, preopercular spines and pectoral-fin rays are characters that best distinguish H. wintoni sp. nov from its only congener, H. greewayi. While the existing description of H. greenwayi is robust and accurate, we present a number of additional characters that enhance to the original description, based on type and fresh material. Information on the known distribution, habitats and conservation status of the two species is summarised. The new species is a narrow-range endemic.
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