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Lithium metal battery has been considered as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of energy storage systems due to its high energy density. However, the lithium metal may react with the electrolyte, resulting in the instability of the solid/liquid interface. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer was found to affect the interface stability of the lithium metal anode; the real structure of SEI couldn't be accurately analyzed so far. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) has been thought as a powerful tool to carry out three-dimensional (3D) characterization and structural reconstruction at a high-resolution nanoscale, as well as detect ionized elements and molecule fragments at the ppb level due to its excellent sensitivity. Herein, we employed TOF-SIMS to investigate the chemical composition of SEI at the surface of the lithium metal anode after electrochemical cycles. We find that SEI is not a completely dense interface layer. The organic phase of SEI can accommodate part of the electrolyte, enhancing the lithium-ion conductivity. Meanwhile, SEI is an interface layer that changes with the state of the electrolyte, and this process of change is expressed by conventional characterization methods. However, the distribution of lithium salt can be analyzed by TOF-SIMS to judge the change degree of SEI. Our work provides significant guidance for accurately characterizing the SEI layer, as well as constructing a more realistic interface layer model.
This study compared and examined the relationship between the concentric, eccentric, and isometric muscular contraction measurements that are commonly used to assess trunk strength and power, and the driving distance in elite female golfers. The purpose of this study is to utilize as a basis to evaluate the driving distance-related physical training program design and its efficacy.

Eighteen female golfers from A club in Gyeonggi province are recruited. The driving distance, medicine ball throwing, isokinetic trunk flexor, and extensor strength and power, and isometric strength in the 3D electromagnetic motion analysis system were assessed. Tomivosertib MNK inhibitor The statistical analysis adopted the Students & t-test to adjust the different units in each assessment method, and then interrelation and correlation analysis between the driving distance was conducted.

The result of this study is as the following; the medicine ball throwing, isokinetic trunk extensor power, isometric trunk flexor, and extensor strength, and left and right flexor and rotator strength showed high correlation with the driving distance. In the comparison between strength factors, isokinetic trunk extensor strength had a high correlation (R2 = 0.452), while the medicine ball throw and isokinetic trunk extensor power were reported a higher correlation in order (R2=.740). In the overall comparison analysis, the isometric trunk left rotation, and isometric trunk extensor had an R2 value of 0.893.

Consequently, the isometric trunk rotational strength and extensor strength had the highest correlation with the driving distance. This result can be used to design the physical fitness program for golfers.
Consequently, the isometric trunk rotational strength and extensor strength had the highest correlation with the driving distance. This result can be used to design the physical fitness program for golfers.
Improving golf fitness is one way to improve club head velocity and subsequently golf performance. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of a three-week upper-body sprint training (SIT) program on power output and golf performance.

Eleven golfers (handicap 5.5 ± 2.8) completed the SIT intervention. This was a self-controlled experiment with three testing points (pre-control, post-control and post-intervention) where subjects completed a ballistic bench press, upper-body Wingate and golf testing session.

Significant improvements were observed (13.3-15.5%) in peak and mean power production during the Wingate post-intervention in comparison to pre and post-control time points (p < 0.05). This was replicated in peak power for the ballistic bench press for both peak power (p < 0.05), but significance for mean power was only observed between post-control and post-intervention (p < 0.05) (improvements of 6.1-8.5%). These improvements were not seen consistently in golf performance variables measured, with no significance identified for the 7-iron and significant improvements (p < 0.05) observed in Carry Distance (2.2%) and Ball Velocity (1.4%) between pre-control and post-intervention.

Lack of golf performance improvements could be because of the natural variation in club-head velocity across sessions or the inability of subjects to utilise their power gains during the golf swing. Longer SIT interventions may be need to observe improvements in golf performance.
Lack of golf performance improvements could be because of the natural variation in club-head velocity across sessions or the inability of subjects to utilise their power gains during the golf swing. Longer SIT interventions may be need to observe improvements in golf performance.
Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), with or without palliative local treatments, is the standard of care for many patients with locally-advanced and/or metastatic prostate cancer. However, the possible cardiovascular (CV) risks associated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists and agonists continue to be the subject of concern, especially in a patient population that may already be at increased CV risk.

The present review provides a narrative summary of the evidence regarding the CV risks associated with GnRH antagonists and agonists from randomized clinical trials (RCTs), real-world evidence, and meta-analyses.

From RCTs, it appears clear that there is a direct class effect for CV risk in patients with prostate cancer being administered GnRH agonists and antagonists, with the latter being associated with reduced CV risk. Real-world data and the available meta-analyses largely indicate that CV risk is lower with GnRH antagonists than with GnRH agonists.

A review of the pathophysiologicutcomes. Further studies are needed to define the most appropriate treatment according to the individual patient characteristics.
Deficits in proprioception and postural control are common in patients with different musculoskeletal pain syndromes. It has been proposed that pain can negatively affect proprioception and postural control at a peripheral level, however research is limited to animal studies. Human studies have shown that it is more likely, that the link between pain and proprioceptive deficits, lies within changes in the central nervous system where noxious and non-noxious stimuli may overlap. In clinical studies, causality cannot be determined due to other factors which could confound the assessment such as pathophysiological features of the underlying musculoskeletal disorder and different psycho-social influences especially in patients with chronic pain. On the other hand, experimentally induced pain in healthy participants is ableto control most of these confounding factors and perhaps offers an assessment of the effects of pain on proprioception and postural control. The aim of this paper is to critically appraise theview, findings from the available literature suggest that experimentally induced pain impairs postural control and could potentially increases the risk for falls in patients. Interventions aiming to reduce pain in these patients could lead to preservation or improvement of their balance. On the other hand, the same conclusion cannot be drawn for the effect of experimentally induced pain on kinesthesia and joint position sense due to the limited number of studies showing such an effect.
From a clinical point of view, findings from the available literature suggest that experimentally induced pain impairs postural control and could potentially increases the risk for falls in patients. Interventions aiming to reduce pain in these patients could lead to preservation or improvement of their balance. On the other hand, the same conclusion cannot be drawn for the effect of experimentally induced pain on kinesthesia and joint position sense due to the limited number of studies showing such an effect.
Gestational diabetes (GDM) complications affect maternal and fetus
. GDM's vascular dysfunction showed inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) alteration and was linked to the higher production of nitrogen species, leading to diabetic embryopathy.
(
) has been reported for its anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects. Thus, the present study investigates the anti-diabetic effect, lipid-lowering effect, and iNOS expression in GDM animal models treated with
extract.

Four groups of pregnant rats consist of control and GDM groups. One GDM group was set for control positive. Two GDM groups were treated with
extract in two doses (100 and 200mg/kg BW) for 14days. Blood glucose of all groups was observed at 72h after STZ injection and 14days after administration of
extract. Lipid profile and iNOS expression using real-time PCR were measured afterward.

extract lowered blood glucose levels in both doses, from 262.60mg/dL±6.89-136.80mg/dL ±15.6mg/dL and 113.20mg/dL±5.25mg/dL. Total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride showed a reduction, especially in200mg/kg BW dose extract from 122.37mg/dL ±14.84mg/dL, 69.75mg/dL±3.78mg/dL and 137.51mg/dL ±8.12-74.64mg/dL±8.71mg/dL, 40.26mg/dL±3.31mg/dL and 87.57mg/dL±6.29mg/dL, respectively. iNOS expression downregulated in both doses, from 2.17±0.39 to 0.94±0.3 and 0.41±0.08.

This study showed that
extract has a potential therapeutic activity in lowering blood glucose, improved lipid profile, and downregulating iNOS in GDM.
This study showed that O. basilicum extract has a potential therapeutic activity in lowering blood glucose, improved lipid profile, and downregulating iNOS in GDM.The coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic is rapidly advancing and spreading worldwide, which poses an urgent need to develop anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. A human receptor, namely, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2), supports the SARS-CoV-2 entry, therefore, serves as a target for intervention via drug. In the current study, bioinformatic approaches were employed to screen potent bioactive compounds that might be ACE-2 receptor inhibitors. The employment of a docking study using ACE receptor protein with a ready-to-dock database of phytochemicals via MOE software revealed five compounds as potent molecules. Among them, astragaloside exhibited the highest binding affinity -21.8 kcal/mol and stable interactions within the active site of the ACE-2 receptor. Similarly, the phytochemicals such as pterocaryanin B, isoastragaloside II, and astraisoflavan glucoside followed by oleuropein showed a stronger binding affinity. We hypothesize these compounds as potential lead candidates for the development of anti- COVID-19 target-specific drugs.
Race is a social construct, not a biological or genetic construct, utilized to categorize people based on observable traits, behaviors, and geographic location. Findings from the Human Genome Project demonstrated that humans share 99.9% of their DNA; despite this evidence, race is frequently utilized as a risk factor for diagnosis and prescribing practices. Diagnosing and treating people based on race is known as race-based medicine. Race-based medicine perpetuates biases and diverts attention and resources from the social determinants ofhealth that cause racial health inequities. Minimal research has examined medical students' understanding of race-based medicine.

The purpose of this study was to assess osteopathic medical students' knowledge, beliefs, and experiences with race-based medicine.

We conducted a descriptive, cross-sectional survey study to assess osteopathic medical students' knowledge, beliefs, and experiences with race-based medicine. An electronic, anonymous survey was distributed to all osteopathic medical students enrolled at a medical school in the Midwest with three campuses during the 2019-2020 academic year.
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