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In contrast, stable plaques show only slight T1 enhancement but without T2 enhancement. It is therefore imperative that the intelligent and novel nanoplatform proposed in this study achieves a substantial non-invasive diagnosis of vulnerable plaques by means of a facile but effective T1-T2 switchable process, which will significantly contribute to the application of materials science in solving clinical problems.The two ends of rodlike cellulose II nanocrystals (CNC-II) were regioselectively functionalized either with gold nanoparticles or thermosensitive polymer chains. In the first case, after the introduction of sulfur atoms at both ends of the rods, CNC-II were labelled using a method based on the in situ nucleation and growth of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from soluble derivatives. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that such a method resulted in the grafting of one monodisperse AuNP at each extremity of the CNC-II, i.e. to the formation of hybrid dumbbell-shaped objects. No AuNP was detected on the lateral surfaces of the CNC-II and almost all observed CNC-II exhibited this dual labeling. This result confirmed with a good statistics when compared to previous works the possibility to derivatize only the two ends of the CNC-II, thanks to the antiparallel arrangement of cellulose chains in these nanoparticles. In the second case, the localized grafting of temperature-sensitive macromolecules onto -specific derivatization of CNC-II can provide symmetric hybrid particles with innovative assembling and macroscopic properties that cannot be obtained through homogeneous chemical modifications.Theranostic agents based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) play an important role in tumor therapy. However, the available theranostic agents are facing great challenges such as biocompatibility, MRI contrast effect and photothermal conversion efficiency (η). In this work, mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (MPDAPs/Mn) were prepared on MRI and PTT combined theranostic nanoplatforms, of which the high loading manganese ions and specific surface areas enable good MRI contrast and excellent photothermal conversion efficiency, respectively. The MPDAPs/Mn have uniform morphology, good stability and biocompatibility. Meanwhile, in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed their superior T1-weighted MRI effect and photothermal conversion efficiency. Furthermore, MPDAPs/Mn have excellent antitumor efficacy in HeLa tumor-bearing mice. Therefore, this developed MPDAPs/Mn theranostic nanoplatform could be a promising candidate for MRI-guided photothermal cancer therapy.Magneto-fluorescent nanocomposites have been recognized as an emerging class of materials displaying great potential for improved magnetic hyperthermia assisted by optical imaging. In this study, we have designed a series of hybrid composites that consist of zinc doped ZnxFe3-xO4 ferrites functionalized by polyethylene-glycol (PEG8000) and an orange-emitting platinum complex [Pt(phen)Cl2]. Experimental and theoretical studies on the optimization of their magnetically-mediated heating properties were conducted. PEG was assembled around particles' surface by two different approaches; in situ and post-PEGylation. PEGylation ensured the optimal distance between the magnetic core and Pt(ii)-complex to maintain significant luminescence in the composite. The successful inclusion of the complex to the organic matrix was confirmed by a variety of spectroscopic techniques. A theoretical model was developed, based on linear response theory, in order to examine the composites' power losses dependence on their properties. Within this model, inter-particle interactions were quantified by inserting a mean dipolar energy term in the estimation of Néel relaxation time, and consequently, the size and concentration that maximize power loss were derived (20 nm and 4 mg mL-1). Moreover, a decrease in the anisotropy of nanoparticles resulted in an increase in specific loss power values. mTOR inhibitor Theoretical estimations are validated by experimental data when heating aqueous dispersions of composites in 24 kA m-1, 765 kHz AMF for various values of concentration and size. Magnetic hyperthermia results showed that the theory-predicted values of optimum concentration and size delivered the maximum-specific loss power which was found equal to 545 W g-1. By the present approach, a quantitative link between the particles' dipolar interactions and their heating properties is established, while opening new perspectives to nanotheranostic applications.The control of COVID-19 across the world requires the formation of a range of interventions including vaccines to elicit an immune response and immunomodulatory or antiviral therapeutics. Here, we demonstrate the nanoparticle formulation of a highly insoluble drug compound, niclosamide, with known anti SARS-CoV-2 activity as a cheap and scalable long-acting injectable antiviral candidate.A new battle line is drawn where antibiotic misuse and mismanagement have made treatment of bacterial infection a thorny issue. It is highly desirable to develop active antibacterial materials for bacterial control and destruction without drug resistance. A large amount of effort has been devoted to transition metal oxide and chalcogenide (TMO&C) nanomaterials as possible candidates owing to their unconventional physiochemical, electronic and optical properties and feasibility of functional architecture assembly. This review expounds multiple TMO&C-based strategies to combat pathogens, opening up new possibilities for the design of simple, yet highly effective systems that are crucial for antimicrobial treatment. A special emphasis is placed on the multiple mechanisms of these nanoagents, including mechanical rupture, photocatalytic/photothermal activity, Fenton-type reaction, nanozyme-assisted effect, released metal ions and the synergistic action of TMO&C in combination with other antibacterial agents. The applications of TMO&C nanomaterials mostly in air/water purification and wound healing along with their bactericidal activities and mechanisms are also described. Finally, the contemporary challenges and trends in the development of TMO&C-based antibacterial strategies are proposed.
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