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To discuss the possibilities and prospects of using artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC). The laboratory diagnosis of PC is considered and prostate images are analyzed according to transrectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging using AI algorithms. Particular emphasis is placed on prostate histologic evaluation.
To discuss the possibilities and prospects of using artificial intelligence (AI) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC). The laboratory diagnosis of PC is considered and prostate images are analyzed according to transrectal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging using AI algorithms. Particular emphasis is placed on prostate histologic evaluation.Teratomas belong to a group of germ cell tumors and consist of tissues that are derived from 3 germ layers. The localization of teratomas is extremely diverse. The main task of a morphological study is to diagnose the type of teratoma. According to the WHO classification, there are mature and immature teratomas (ICD-O codes 9080/0 and 9080/3, respectively). It is deemed that the disease prognosis does not depend on the composition of mature tissue components. This paper describes two sectional observations of congenital immature teratomas in a premature live birth infant and a stillborn one. One teratoma, such as epignathus, is a very rare tumor in localization. Apalutamide price Emphasis is laid on the need for a thorough teratoma morphological study that defines the tactics of patient management. The described observations demonstrate the importance of timely prenatal diagnosis and an interdisciplinary approach, as well as the need for clear routing of patients with diagnosed fetal space-occupying lesions.Uterine adenosarcoma is an uncommon biphasic tumor with benign epithelial and malignant mesenchymal components, often presenting difficulties for morphological diagnosis. We describe 5 cases of adenosarcoma of the uterine corpus and cervix, and vaginal stump in patients aged 46-76 years. Clinical data, ultrasound results, morphological data, including immunohistochemical studies with antibodies to CD10, estrogen and progesterone receptors, desmin, smooth muscle actin, and Ki-67 are presented. Large polypoid mass of the epithelial-mesenchymal structure within the uterine cavity in women of peri - and postmenopausal age require the exclusion of malignancy of the mesenchymal component with searchig for diagnostic criteria - periglandular cuffing of the stromal cells and mitoses.The pathogenetic relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer in their concurrence is now still the subject of discussion.
To study the pathogenetic relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer.
The investigators examined surgical material from 51 patients (41 men) aged 41-73 years (mean age, 63.7 years) with pulmonary tuberculosis concurrent with lung cancer. They also studied tumors, tuberculous caverns, infiltrates, and foci with surrounding macroscopically intact lung tissue, as well as fibrotic changes by histological, histochemical and immunohistochemical examinations.
Previous tuberculosis can be considered as a risk factor for lung cancer. Central cancer was more common in patients with inactive, chronic tuberculosis with a predominance of fibrotic processes in the root of the lung and in its hilar zones. Fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis and cavernous tuberculosis were more frequently concurrent with central cancer; peripheral tumors mainly occurred in infiltrative tuberculosis and tuberculomas.
The findings suggest that in a number of cases, cancer and tuberculosis may be anatomically close, developing in the same anatomical unit - the lung. However, this does not indicate an unambiguous etiopathogenetic relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer. The relationships between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer are much more complex and do not fit into the simple scheme of cause-and-effect relations.
The findings suggest that in a number of cases, cancer and tuberculosis may be anatomically close, developing in the same anatomical unit - the lung. However, this does not indicate an unambiguous etiopathogenetic relationship between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer. The relationships between pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer are much more complex and do not fit into the simple scheme of cause-and-effect relations.Adrenocortical cancer (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy of the adrenal cortex, which has an unfavorable prognosis and extremely aggressive clinical behavior in most cases. Nevertheless, cases of a more favorable disease course with late metastasis and slow progression have been described. In 2017, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in the 4th edition of the Classification of Tumors of the Endocrine Organs identified histological variants of ACC, such as classical, oncocytic, myxoid, and sarcomatoid ones, indicating the morphological heterogeneity of this tumor.
To provide a detailed description of the morphological variants of ACC with an emphasis on their histological characteristics and the expression of immunohistochemical markers.
A total of 75 cases of ACC were analyzed in the adult population diagnosed as having the morphological variants in accordance with the International Histological Classification of Adrenal Tumors (WHO, 2017). Monocinical course of the disease.Immunohistochemical study of breast cancer has been practiced for several decades; however, the standardization of this process has not yet been achieved, despite substantial advances in methodology. The paper presents practical guidelines and standards for testing breast carcinomas, which can be used as day-to-day control of the work of an immunohistochemistry laboratory. It considers the concept of external quality control in the immunohistochemical detection of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors, as well as the problems of harmonization in the immunohistochemical analysis of breast carcinomas, by using the nuclear biomarkers, such as ER and PR, as an example. The agreed standard-based external control in determining the optimal result may yield reproducible data for use in clinical practice.This article aims to analyze public mental health services in the city of Barcelona from a gender-based perspective. We do so through a case study of mental health services for adults in the context of recent community-oriented and transdisciplinary mental health care reforms. Employing a qualitative methodology, we look at the discourses of mental health professionals regarding the ways in which they approach the therapeutic relationship between professional and user, specifically with reference to vulnerability and proposals for addressing it. Between November 2018 and April 2019 we conducted three discussion groups with professionals and another with a group of female users. Data analysis was guided by a categorical content analysis model. The results show a tendency to understand and address vulnerability from an ethics of care based on a community care model, with differences in the discourses of men and women who participated in the research. We conclude that the community-based model promotes the recovery of users' citizenship, as it is based on a notion of interdependence, in contrast to the hospital-based mental health model.Acknowledging dissident bodies of persons with disabilities is an act of continuous resistance, and as such our objective in this article is to analyze the vulnerability and bodily violation of disability activists in Chile. In order to do so, between September 2018 and February 2019 we conducted 11 in-depth interviews using the technique of bodily itineraries, as well as 6 discussion groups. Through qualitative thematic analysis, several categories emerged the central category of "Bodily change or difference experiences of medicalized fragility;" and three subcategories, "Bodily diagnosis the institutional management of differences;" "Medical treatment correcting bodily and social abnormality;" and "Rehabilitation to function once again as a normative body." Activists' itineraries reveal the coaptation and bodily violation that they are subjected to by the biomedical apparatus, where they are systematically denied their human rights; however, despite attempts to discipline and control them, they create subversive strategies to validate their corporealities.This article analyzes the repercussions of the Return Home Program - a Brazilian cash transfer program - on the lives of people discharged from psychiatric hospitals. Our aim was to ascertain the program's repercussions on the lives of its beneficiaries, particularly with respect to the implications of accessing an income for their everyday life, in addition to highlighting some of the intersections between their life contexts and existential territories sexuality, gender, aging, and forms of urban violence. An evaluative study was carried out between 2017 and 2018 that focused on the life itineraries of 20 people. Consequently, we were able to observe that access to income was a fundamental aspect of the experience of living outside the hospital, with regards to the exercise of material exchanges and forays into the community. We discuss the challenges of guaranteeing assisted support to beneficiaries on a contractual basis and the evaluation of psychosocial rehabilitation processes, linked to the intersections that mark ways of living.In Italy, the passing of mandatory pediatric vaccinations in 2017 was a consequence of increasing vaccine hesitancy in the country, a phenomenon that has largely spread on social networks. This article examines risk management and risk perception regarding pediatric vaccinations through an analysis of online content shared by Italian vaccine hesitancy movements between December of 2019 and April of 2020. Results show that these movements carry out a reinterpretation of risk, scientific evidence, and parental responsibility, especially with regard to the alleged correlation between the measles vaccine and autism. The limitations of political decisions surrounding vaccines are due to the application of punitive measures such as administrative penalties and licensing bans for doctors who express "anti-vax" ideas, aspects which may increase distrust towards the political establishment and the medical profession.This paper aims to provide theoretically informed practical proposals for the improvement of current drug policies, which are based on a biological model of disease and the criminalization of people who use drugs. First, we present alternatives to a biologically-oriented scientific conception centered around neuroscientific postulates, which support the idea that the etiology of addiction materializes in the brain, in favor of models based on the social sciences where context plays a relevant role in the description and management approaches regarding different uses of psychoactive substances. Second, epistemological models and proposals are offered from a practical perspective to sustain or implement policies and programs in accordance with a more sustainable approach based on the elimination of stigma and the promotion of political participation of people who use drugs. In short, drug policies based on human rights.
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