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Toxoplasma gondii Tyrosine-Rich Oocyst Wall membrane Proteins: A Closer Look with an In Silico Prism.
The aim This paper is aimed to identify criteria with regard to which government should evaluate whether criminal penalties for non-compliance with the Covid-19 vaccination can be envisaged and reveal the community's attitude to support such criminalization.

Materials and methods This research is based on the analysis of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, Supreme Court of the US, and Supreme Court of Ukraine; statistical database, in particular of the World Health Organization and survey of 100 Ukrainian residents. During the research of the stated issue systematic method, formal-legal method, comparative method and case study method were used.

Results In total 100 respondents participated in the survey, of which 27 (27 %) are health care workers (17 doctors, 9 nurses and 1 medical registrar). 39 % of respondents supported the mandatory vaccination against Covid-19 for adults and 21 % have not yet decided. Almost the same results pertain to the compulsory vaccination of doctors and repruntry.
The aim To draw the attention of the scientific community to the problem of corruption between doctors and pharmacists and to find out the available possibilities to counteract it via criminal law measures.

Materials and methods The sources of this research include international legal acts and Ukrainian legislation; official reports of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine and other countries; NGO "Transparency International" studies; media materials; the results of a survey conducted using the Google Forms service; reports of the Accounting Chamber of Ukraine; judicial statistics data and materials of judicial practice in Ukraine, as well as special anti-corruption studies of Ukrainian and foreign scholars. The main methods used in the study are the legal-dogmatic method, the method of extrapolation, some methods of formal logic and open-source analysis of law-enforcement practice, as well as the survey method.

Results The problem of corrupt relationships between doctors and pharmacists is urgent both in Ukraine and abroad, and accordingly, requires an adequate legal assessment. Ukraine has the necessary criminal law tools to combat this negative phenomenon but uses them ineffectively.

Conclusions A corrupt relationship between a doctor and a pharmacist may occur at three levels. Corrupt forms of unlawful interaction between medical and pharmaceutical workers at all these levels are covered by the existing norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; there is no need to single out a special norm that would reflect the corrupt relationship between a doctor and a pharmacist.
Conclusions A corrupt relationship between a doctor and a pharmacist may occur at three levels. Corrupt forms of unlawful interaction between medical and pharmaceutical workers at all these levels are covered by the existing norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine; there is no need to single out a special norm that would reflect the corrupt relationship between a doctor and a pharmacist.
The aim The article aims to focus attention on the pressing problems of corruption in the field of pharmaceutical activities at the stage of medicines sale. Possible ways to solve the problems are elucidated.

Materials and methods The research has been carried out using the results of analysis and generalization of different countries' regulation acts governing pharmaceutical activity implementation, also of legal practice, including author's private practice, interviewing investigators, interviews, and questionnaires of pharmaceutical companies and professionals. General scientific and special scientific methods (dialectical, logical-normative, system-structural, comparative-legal, etc.) were used.

Results As a result of the study, the main problems of corruption that exist in the pharmaceutical activity sphere at the stage of medicines sale have been outlined. One of the most widespread corrupt manifestation are a relationships between a doctor and a pharmacist and sale medicine which contain drugs wiminal offenses. Among the main problems of the existence of corruption in the field of pharmaceutical activities at the stage of medicines' sale can be those insufficiency and imperfection of the legislative regulation of medicines circulation; lack of professional relations regulation between medical institutions, doctors, and pharmaceutical entities; lack of an electronic database of prescribed prescriptions, etc.
The aim Establishing the forms of criminal liability in case of death of the patient and the presence of such a condition as the desire of the relatives of the deceased to reconcile with the subject of the criminal offense.

Materials and methods In the course of the study, 62 court judgements were used. Comparative, systematic, analytic, and empiric research methods have been used in this research.

Results The position of the victims - relatives of the deceased - has a direct influence on the choice of the form of criminal liability. A medical worker who is the subject of a criminal offense may reconcile with the relatives of the deceased patient and enter into a reconciliation agreement. It is the parties of the agreement who consent to the punishment and the possible exemption from it. At the same time, the court cannot exempt a medical worker from criminal liability in case of a patient's death. This thesis is based on the fact that the possibility of such exemption is directly related to the reconciliation with the victims who are patients that were provided with medical service. Besides, death is a consequence that is irreversible.

Conclusions The exemption from criminal liability according to the reconciliation of the guilty person with the victim in case of death of a patient is stated to be impossible. At the same time, the possibility of concluding a reconciliation agreement in this case has been established.
Conclusions The exemption from criminal liability according to the reconciliation of the guilty person with the victim in case of death of a patient is stated to be impossible. At the same time, the possibility of concluding a reconciliation agreement in this case has been established.
The aim 1) To develop an informative model of the process of automated qualification of criminal offenses against human health for countries with a continental legal system; 2) on the basis of information model to create a decision support system in the form of a software product in terms of qualification of a criminal offense against human health.

Materials and methods The information model of the process of automated qualification of a criminal offense against human health was developed using the BPMN method on the basis of European countries' legislation with a continental legal system. According to the information model, a decision support system was developed in the form of a software product.

Results 1. An information model of the process of automated qualification of criminal offenses against human health for countries with a continental legal system has been developed. 2. A system of decision support in the form of a software product as an element of law enforcement in terms of qualification of a criminal offense against human health.

Conclusions The proposed decision support system for automated qualification is a means of preventing unreasonable qualification of committed offenses as it minimizes the errors of this process. As a result, it will increase the preventive effect and the quality of law enforcement work to prevent crimes against human health.
Conclusions The proposed decision support system for automated qualification is a means of preventing unreasonable qualification of committed offenses as it minimizes the errors of this process. As a result, it will increase the preventive effect and the quality of law enforcement work to prevent crimes against human health.
The aim To establish public opinion on the limits of medical confidentiality in an epidemic and the widespread use of applications that contain personal data, including those regarding health, to understand the possibility of changing the paradigm of public policy to protect medical confidentiality in an exacerbation of the epidemic situation.

Materials and methods This research is based on regulatory acts, scientific articles, and opinions of both medical workers and ordinary citizens of Poland, Germany, and Ukraine, judicial practice, doctrinal ideas, and views on this issue. Such methods as dialectical, comparative, analytic, synthetic, comprehensive, statistical, and generalization.

Results the results of a survey of residents of Poland, Germany, and Ukraine showed that one of the pandemic consequences was that a significant number of respondents were willing to partially renounce the right to medical confidentiality in the face of exacerbating epidemic threats to reduce the number of infected.

Coe face of the SARS-Cov-2 virus, nations worldwide have faced the challenge of respecting the right to privacy, particularly in terms of medical confidentiality. Virtual methods of patient communication with healthcare professionals use mobile electronic services (applications), and other new technologies in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated the issue of understanding the boundaries of medical confidentiality and personal data protection. In order to maintain an effective balance between human rights and public health, the mass collection and storage of sensitive personal data must take place following the Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data. check details At the same time, it is expedient to recommend states to specify specific provisions of this Regulation in order to avoid an expanded interpretation of certain of its provisions.
The aim Based on the statistics study of the consequences of road accidents for human potential of Ukraine and quantitative indicators of criminal offenses in the field of road safety for the period 2016-2021, as well as assessing the risks to public health of Ukrainian society to carry out socio-legal and criminological analysis of the problem and identify key areas of the national approach to the implementation of the tasks of the Second Decade of Action to ensure road safety (2021-2030).

Materials and methods The study is based on the results of a survey of ordinary citizens of Ukraine on the state of road safety on the roads of Ukraine; information posted on the WHO website for 2009-2020; statistical reports of Ukrainian law enforcement agencies, specialized literature on law, etc. The methodological basis of the research is dialectical, comparative, logical, analytical, synthetic, statistical, and concrete-sociological research methods.

Results In Ukraine, among adolescents and young people at the of the Ukrainian state is to create a service of emergency specialized care according to world standards of so-called disaster medicine.
Conclusions In Ukraine, road accidents are a significant cause of death and disability due to external circumstances, and therefore pose a threat to the public health of the population. The death and disability of people as a result of road accidents cause huge material and human losses to Ukraine. An unsatisfactory state of legal awareness of Ukrainian citizens is a direct threat to public health and a source of the perpetuation of the generally unfavorable trend with the level of criminally punished violations of traffic rules. An important task of the Ukrainian state is to create a service of emergency specialized care according to world standards of so-called disaster medicine.
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