Notes

Modified Taylor Retractor in Unilateral Subperiosteal Back Microdiscectomy: The Cheap Alternative to the actual Tubular Retractor.
CDKN2A is cell cycle negative regulator, and the role of CDKN2A in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which continues to be a lethal cancer, is well-established. Somatic loss of CDKN2A is considered one of the major drivers of pancreatic tumorigenesis. CDKN2A gene is one of the pancreatic cancer susceptibility gene; in addition to melanoma, pathogenic germline CDKN2A variants have been identified in up to 3.3% patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma depending on family history of disease. Carriers of a known pathogenic germline CDKN2A variant have up to a 12.3-fold increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Recently, several studies have demonstrated the benefit of clinical surveillance in patients with pathogenic germline CDKN2A variants. Therefore, identification of patients with a pathogenic germline CDKN2A variant is important for screening of at-risk relatives for pancreatic cancer. It has the potential to lead to the detection of early, potentially curable pancreatic canc, identification of patients with a pathogenic germline CDKN2A variant is important for screening of at-risk relatives for pancreatic cancer. It has the potential to lead to the detection of early, potentially curable pancreatic cancer and precursor neoplasms, and reduce mortality. Furthermore, patients with a germline pathogenic CDKN2A variant and somatic loss of CDKN2A may benefit in the future from treatment with targeted therapies, such as a CDK4/6 inhibitor.
Sex-dependent radiation injury may be related to the differences in physiological characteristics between the sexes. This study aimed to better understand variations in airway dimensions among male and female Chinese non-smokers. This study included 970 adults and 45 children who underwent chest CT. All participants were non-smokers, without current or former chronic pulmonary disease, and all underwent CT examination. The CT images were quantitatively assessed, providing airway dimensions. The differences in inner diameter, wall thickness, wall area (WA), and WA% for each airway were compared between male and female patients. Sex is an important influencing factor in airway morphological parameters. These parameters are different between men and women men have a larger airway diameter (P < 0.05) and smaller wall area (WA%, P < 0.05) compared with women. Younger women (<35 years) have a greater diameter and smaller WA% compared with older women (P < 0.05). Sex-related differences in airway morphmeters. These parameters are different between men and women men have a larger airway diameter (P less then 0.05) and smaller wall area (WA%, P less then 0.05) compared with women. Younger women ( less then 35 years) have a greater diameter and smaller WA% compared with older women (P less then 0.05). Sex-related differences in airway morphology were not observed in pediatric participants. Significant differences were found in quantitative CT measures of WA% and an internal diameter among non-smokers of varying sex. The differences found in this study might explain, in part, sex-dependency of radiation injury and a possible radiological protection scheme.The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has thoroughly and deeply affected the provision of healthcare services worldwide. In order to limit the in-hospital infections and to redistribute the healthcare professionals, cardiac percutaneous intervention in Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease (ACHD) patients were limited to urgent or emergency ones. The aim of this article is to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Pediatric and ACHD cath laboratory activity during the so-called 'hard lockdown' in Italy. Eleven out of 12 Italian institutions with a dedicated Invasive Cardiology Unit in Congenital Heart Disease actively participated in the survey. The interventional cardiology activity was reduced by more than 50% in 6 out of 11 centers. Adolescent and ACHD patients suffered the highest rate of reduction. There was an evident discrepancy in the management of the hard lockdown, irrespective of the number of COVID-19 positive cases registered, with a higher reduction in Southern Italy compared with the most affected regions (Lombardy, Piedmont, Veneto and Emilia Romagna). Although the pandemic was brilliantly addressed in most cases, we recognize the necessity for planning new, and hopefully homogeneous, strategies in order to be prepared for an upcoming new outbreak.
Despite the well established role of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) as a diagnostic gatekeeper, the yield of subsequent invasive coronary angiographies (ICA) remains low. We evaluated the adherence of CCTA integration in clinical management and primary prevention therapy.

We retrospectively analyzed patients referred for ICA after CCTA without known coronary artery disease (CAD) or structural cardiac pathologies. Based on computed tomography (CT) findings, patients were classified as appropriately or inappropriately referred to ICA, equaling Coronary Artery Disease - Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) categories 0-2 (<50% stenosis) and 3-5 (>50% stenosis), respectively. CT exams were compared regarding invasive findings and revascularizations. Integration of CT results into primary prevention measures was analyzed and compared to measures taken after ICA.

Of 1005 patients referred for ICA, 81 (8.1%) had no obstructive CT findings and therefore no ICA indication. ICA inappropriatk of CT findings integration. Both ICA referrals and primary preventive therapy could be improved by the implementation of CT results based on CAD-RADS recommendations.Metal dichalcogenides are novel two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors after the discovery of graphene. In this article, phonon-limited mobility for six kinds of 2D semiconductors with the composition of MX2is reviewed, in which M (Cr, Mo and W) is the transition metal, and X (S and Se) is the chalcogen element. The review is divided into three parts. In the first part, we briefly introduce the calculation method of mobility, including the empirical model and Boltzmann transport theory (BTE). The application scope, merits and limitations of these methods are summarized. In the second part, we explore empirical models to calculate the mobility of MX2, including longitudinal acoustic phonon, optical phonon (OP) and polar optical phonon (POP) models. The contribution of multi-valley to mobility is reviewed in the calculation. The differences between static and high-frequency dielectric constants (Δϵ) are only 0.13 and 0.03 for MoS2and WS2. Such a low value indicates that the polarization hardly changes in the external field. So, their mobility is not determined by POP, but by deformation potential models. Different from GaAs, POP scattering plays a decisive role in its mobility. Our investigations also reveal that the scattering from POP cannot be ignored in CrSe2, MoSe2and WSe2. In the third parts, we investigate the mobility of MX2using electron-phonon coupling matrix element, which is based on BTE from the framework of a many-body quantum-field theory. Valence band splitting of MoS2and WS2is induced by spin-orbit coupling effect, which leads to the increase of hole mobility. In particular, we review in detail the theoretical and experimental results of MoS2mobility in recent ten years, and its mobility is also compared with other materials to deepen the understanding.
Since guidance based on X-ray imaging is an integral part of interventional procedures, continuous efforts are taken towards reducing the exposure of patients and clinical staff to ionizing radiation. Even though a reduction in the X-ray dose may lower associated radiation risks, it is likely to impair the quality of the acquired images, potentially making it more difficult for physicians to carry out their procedures.

We present a robust learning-based denoising strategy involving model- based simulations of low-dose X-ray images during the training phase. The method also utilizes a data-driven normalization step - based on an X-ray imaging model - to stabilize the mixed signal-dependent noise associated with X-ray images. We thoroughly analyze the method's sensitivity to a mismatch in dose levels used for training and application. KN-93 inhibitor We also study the impact of differing noise models used when training for low and very low-dose X-ray images on the denoising results.

A quantitative and qualitative analysiovides scope for significant X-ray dose reduction without the loss of important image information if the characteristics of noise is accurately accounted for during the training ph.
Hyperamylasemia was found in a group of patients with COVID-19 during hospitalization. However, the evolution and the clinical significance of hyperamylasemia in COVID-19, is not well characterized.

In this retrospective cohort study, the epidemiological, demographic, laboratory, treatment and outcome information of 1,515 COVID-19 patients with available longitudinal amylase records collected from electronic medical system were analyzed to assess the prevalence and clinical significance of hyperamylasemia in this infection. Associated variables with hyperamylasemia in COVID-19 were also analyzed.

Of 1,515 patients, 196 (12.9%) developed hyperamylasemia, among whom 19 (1.3%) greater than 3 times upper limit of normal (ULN) and no clinical acute pancreatitis was seen. Multivariable ordered logistic regression implied older age, male, chronic kidney disease, several medications (immunoglobin, systemic corticosteroids, and antifungals), increased creatinine might be associated with hyperamylasemia during hotion.
Telehealth seems feasible for use in home-based palliative care. However, acceptance among health care professionals (HCPs) is essential for the successful delivery of telehealth in practice. No scoping review has mapped the experiences and perspectives of HCPs on the use of telehealth for home-based palliative care.

The aim of this review is to systematically map published studies on HCPs' experiences and perspectives on the use of telehealth in home-based palliative care.

The proposed scoping review will employ the methodology of Arksey and O'Malley. This protocol is guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol (PRISMA-P). A systematic search will be performed in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), and Web of Science for studies published between January 2000 and July 5, 2021. We will also hand search the reference lists of included papers to identify additional studies of relevance. The search will be updated in 2022full systematic review.

PRR1-10.2196/33305.
PRR1-10.2196/33305.
Digital health research repositories propose sharing longitudinal streams of health records and personal sensing data between multiple projects and researchers. Motivated by the prospect of personalizing patient care (precision medicine), these initiatives demand broad public acceptance and large numbers of data contributors, both of which are challenging.

This study investigates public attitudes toward possibly contributing to digital health research repositories to identify factors for their acceptance and to inform future developments.

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted from March 2020 to December 2020. Because of the funded project scope and a multicenter collaboration, study recruitment targeted young adults in Denmark and Brazil, allowing an analysis of the differences between 2 very contrasting national contexts. Through closed-ended questions, the survey examined participants' willingness to share different data types, data access preferences, reasons for concern, and motivations to contribute.
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