Notes

The effect involving Overflowing Resistant Starch Type-2 Biscuits on the Stomach Microbiome inside Hemodialysis People: Any Randomized Managed Demo.
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In part 3 of "Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskeletal Practitioners," we introduce the concept of "methodological approach" to encompass the plan of action that underpins the use of methods and desired outcomes, as well as the use of theory. Understanding the methodological approach in a qualitative study gives the reader a sense of what the qualitative researchers have "done," while theory has varying uses and meanings depending on type of qualitative study. In this installment, we cover some of the common methodological approaches used in the musculoskeletal field and provide a discussion about the different ways in which theory can be considered and used in a qualitative study.
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In part 3 of "Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskeletal Practitioners," we introduce the concept of "methodological approach" to encompass the plan of action that underpins the use of methods and desired outcomes, as well as the use of theory. Understanding the methodological approach in a qualitative study gives the reader a sense of what the qualitative researchers have "done," while theory has varying uses and meanings depending on type of qualitative study. In this installment, we cover some of the common methodological approaches used in the musculoskeletal field and provide a discussion about the different ways in which theory can be considered and used in a qualitative study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1)3-7. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.10485.
In this editorial, we discuss common methods used in musculoskeletal qualitative research, including approaches to sampling, data collection, and data analysis. We take a particular focus in this editorial on methods that involve "speaking to people." We highlight the back-and-forth or cyclic nature of qualitative research, and introduce readers to the use of natural language processing to analyze qualitative data.
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In this editorial, we discuss common methods used in musculoskeletal qualitative research, including approaches to sampling, data collection, and data analysis. We take a particular focus in this editorial on methods that involve "speaking to people." We highlight the back-and-forth or cyclic nature of qualitative research, and introduce readers to the use of natural language processing to analyze qualitative data. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1)8-10. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.10486.Author response to the JOSPT Letter to the Editor-in-Chief "Concerns About the Methodology and Data Collection in a Systematic Review". J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1)50-51. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.0201-R.Letter to the Editor-in-Chief in response to JOSPT article "Diagnostic Accuracy of Clusters of Pain Provocation Tests for Detecting Sacroiliac Joint Pain Systematic Review With Meta-analysis" by Saueressig et al. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1)49-50. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.0201.In remembrance of Dr Freddie H. Fu, MD. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1)53. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.0102.This month, we welcome Dr Jackie Whittaker, PT, PhD, to the role of JOSPT Editor. Dr Whittaker joins Dr Joshua Cleland, Dr Bryan Heiderscheit, Dr Steven Kamper, Dr Christopher Hughes, and Dr Clare Ardern on the senior editorial team of JOSPT. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1)1-2. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.0101.
To synthesize and present reference values for quadriceps and hamstrings strength tests in healthy athletes who play pivoting sports and in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) who play pivoting sports.

Scoping review.

We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science up to January 26, 2021.

We included reference values in 2 different categories (1) quadriceps and hamstrings strength test outcomes in healthy pivoting-sport athletes, and (2) quadriceps and hamstrings strength test outcomes in pivoting-sport athletes with ACLR at a specific time point during rehabilitation.

We performed a qualitative synthesis for reference values from isokinetic (at 60°/s, 180°/s, and 300°/s) and isometric quadriceps and hamstrings strength tests. We summarized the data for type of sport, sex, sport participation level, and age group.

Of the 42 included studies, 26 reported reference values from healthy soccer players, 4 from healthy basketball players, 4 from healthy handball players, and 11 from other healthy pivoting-sport athletes. The limb symmetry index dominant/nondominant limb (LSI-D/ND) ranged from 98% to 114% for healthy athletes. Six studies reported reference values in pivoting-sport athletes with ACLR at a specific time point during rehabilitation. After 7 months, strength values for athletes with ACLR were comparable to those of healthy pivoting-sport athletes.

This scoping review summarizes quadriceps and hamstrings strength reference values for athletes who play the most common pivoting sports, including soccer, basketball, and handball.
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This scoping review summarizes quadriceps and hamstrings strength reference values for athletes who play the most common pivoting sports, including soccer, basketball, and handball. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(3)142-155. Epub 31 Dec 2021. doi10.2519/jospt.2022.10693.In this paper, a Mach-Zehnder interferometer temperature sensor with a single-mode fiber-thin-core fiber-single-mode fiber cascaded is designed. When the light is transmitted from the single-mode fiber to the thin-core fiber, different modes will be excited because of the mode-field mismatch. Optical power from the input fiber can be partly coupled to the cladding modes of the thin-core fiber, and the cladding modes of the thin-core fiber then re-coupled to the lead-out fiber, which constitutes the Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the output single-mode fiber. To improve the temperature sensitivity of the sensor, we coated the thermal-sensitive material (such as polymethoxane or ultraviolet glue) on the surface of the thin-core fiber. The experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of the sensor coated with a polydimethylsiloxane film was increased from 32.0 to 90.0 pm/°C, about three times, compared to the uncoated thin-core fiber sensor. When the surface of the thin-core fiber is coated with an ultraviolet glue film, the temperature sensitivity of the sensor was increased from 32.0 to 166.8 pm/°C, about six times. The designed sensor, with compact structure, simple production, strong robustness, and high sensitivity, has a wide application prospect in industrial production and national defense technology.The bonding energy is an important parameter to evaluate the quality of bonded wafers in the semiconductor industry. The most important currently used method to measure the bonding energy is the so-called crack opening method. Unfortunately, the infrared cameras used for the wafer inspection with this method have limiting resolutions, and the derived direct crack length reading error is relatively large. MitoPQ in vitro To solve the reading error and adaptability problems, in this study, we improve upon the conventional image processing method and propose a crack length identification method that uses function fitting. The effectiveness and feasibility of the method are verified through experiments.Vibration absorbers usually aim to control the steady-state vibration of harmonic excitation based on the traditional fixed point theory, but few efforts focus on suppressing the transient vibration caused by impulse excitation. In this paper, the excitation is regarded as impulse in modeling, and it can be used for impulse excitation. Thus, the transient vibration absorber is designed to control the transient vibration, and the stiffness of the absorber is a key factor to control the response of the primary system. This paper presents a tunable electromagnetic transient vibration absorber to avoid direct mechanical contact for the absorber. The analytical results of the transient response indicate that the vibration can be attenuated by adjusting the stiffness of the absorber. In order to establish the model of the electromagnetic stiffness, the absorber is divided into three equivalent virtual springs. The circular current loop is equivalent to the rectangular current loop to show the spatial distribution of the magnetic flux density in the air gap. The experimental tests demonstrate that the transient vibration of the primary system can be attenuated by 13% when the current of the coil is 6 A.Accurate measurements of electron temperature (Te) and electron density (ne) are important for understanding the properties of plasma, especially for the low-temperature plasma dominated by the free electrons. In this work, a high resolution laser Thomson scattering (LTS) diagnosis system with a software platform for processing data is established to accurately measure the Te and ne in low-temperature plasmas. In this system, a homemade Triple Grating Spectrometer (TGS) is elaborated to suppress the intense stray light and Rayleigh scattering light. The TGS with high etendue (with an f-number of f/3.3) and high spectral resolution (0.07 nm in full-width-half-maximum at 532 nm) allows the LTS system to measure the plasma with the ne and Te as low as 1.0 × 1017 m-3 and 0.1 eV, respectively. Besides the development of the experimental setup, a software platform is specially designed to automatically process the complicated LTS spectra to determine ne and Te in real time during the acquirement of data. The error analyses indicate that the uncertainty of ne is around 12% and the uncertainty of Te is about 10% when Te > 0.2 eV. Using the LTS system, we have successfully measured ne and Te in the cascaded arc plasma, nanosecond pulse discharge plasma, and inductively coupled plasma. The results demonstrate that the LTS system has significant potential for the diagnosis of various low temperature plasmas.Extensive attempts have been made to enable the application of deep learning to 3D plasma reconstruction. However, due to the limitation on the number of available training samples, deep learning-based methods have insufficient generalization ability compared to the traditional iterative methods. This paper proposes an improved algorithm named convolutional neural network-maximum likelihood expectation maximization-split-Bergman (CNN-MLEM-SB) based on the combination of the deep learning CNN and an iterative algorithm known as MLEM-SB. This method uses the prediction result of a CNN as the initial value and then corrects it using the MLEM-SB to obtain the final results. The proposed method is verified experimentally by reconstructing two types of vacuum arcs with and without transverse magnetic field (TMF) control. In addition, the CNN and the proposed algorithm are compared with respect to accuracy and generalization ability. The results show that the CNN can effectively reconstruct the arcs between a pair of disk contacts, which has specific distribution patterns its structural similarity index measurement (SSIM) can reach 0.952. However, the SSIM decreases to 0.868 for the arc between a pair of TMF contacts, which is controlled by the TMF and has complex distribution patterns. Compared with the CNN reconstruction method, the proposed algorithm can achieve a higher reconstruction accuracy for any arc shape. Compared with the iterative algorithm, the proposed algorithm's reconstruction efficiency is higher by 38.24% and 35.36% for the vacuum arc between the disk and the TMF contacts, respectively.
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