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Rhodium(3)-Catalyzed Focused ortho-C-H Connect Functionalization of Fragrant Ketazines by means of C-S along with C-C Direction.
A quantum jammed state can be seen as a state where the phase space available to particles shrinks to zero, an interpretation quite accurate in integrable systems, where stable quasiparticles scatter elastically. We consider the integrable dual folded XXZ model, which is equivalent to the XXZ model in the limit of large anisotropy. We perform a jamming-breaking localized measurement in a jammed state. We find that jamming is locally restored, but local observables exhibit nontrivial time evolution on macroscopic, ballistic scales, without ever relaxing back to their initial values.The lepton flavor asymmetries of the Universe are observationally almost unconstrained before the onset of neutrino oscillations. We calculate the cosmic trajectory during the cosmic QCD epoch in the presence of large lepton flavor asymmetries. By including QCD thermodynamic quantities derived from functional QCD methods in our calculation, our work reveals for the first time the possibility of a first-order cosmic QCD transition. We specify the required values of the lepton flavor asymmetries for which a first-order transition occurs for a number of different benchmark scenarios.There is a hot debate on the anomalous behavior of superfluid density ρ_s in overdoped La_2-xSr_xCuO_4 films in recent years. The linear drop of ρ_s at low temperatures implies the superconductors are clean, but the linear scaling between ρ_s (in the zero temperature limit) and the transition temperature T_c is a hallmark of the dirty limit in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) framework [I. Bozovic et al., Nature (London) 536, 309 (2016)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/nature19061]. This dichotomy motivated exotic theories beyond the standard BCS theory. We show, however, that such a dichotomy can be reconciled naturally by the role of increasing anisotropic scattering caused by the apical oxygen vacancies. Furthermore, the anisotropic scattering also explains the "missing" Drude weight upon doping in the optical conductivity, as reported in the THz experiment [F. Mahmood et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 027003 (2019)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.122.027003]. Therefore, the overdoped cuprates can actually be described consistently by the d-wave BCS theory with the unique anisotropic scattering.Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is a key to understand the magnetically driven superconductivity in iron-based superconductors, where both local and itinerant electrons are present and the orbital angular momentum is not completely quenched. Here, we report a neutron scattering study on the bilayer compound CaK(Fe_0.96Ni_0.04)_4As_4 with superconductivity coexisting with a noncollinear spin-vortex crystal magnetic order that preserves the tetragonal symmetry of the Fe-Fe plane. In the superconducting state, two spin resonance modes with odd and even L symmetries due to the bilayer coupling are found similar to the undoped compound CaKFe_4As_4 but at lower energies. Polarization analysis reveals that the odd mode is c-axis polarized, and the low-energy spin anisotropy can persist to the paramagnetic phase at high temperature, which closely resembles other systems with in-plane collinear and c-axis biaxial magnetic orders. These results provide the missing piece of the puzzle on the SOC effect in iron-pnictide superconductors, and also establish a common picture of c-axis preferred magnetic excitations below T_c regardless of the details of magnetic pattern or lattice symmetry.The ratio of the nucleon F_2 structure functions, F_2^n/F_2^p, is determined by the MARATHON experiment from measurements of deep inelastic scattering of electrons from ^3H and ^3He nuclei. The experiment was performed in the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab using two high-resolution spectrometers for electron detection, and a cryogenic target system which included a low-activity tritium cell. The data analysis used a novel technique exploiting the mirror symmetry of the two nuclei, which essentially eliminates many theoretical uncertainties in the extraction of the ratio. The results, which cover the Bjorken scaling variable range 0.19 less then x less then 0.83, represent a significant improvement compared to previous SLAC and Jefferson Lab measurements for the ratio. They are compared to recent theoretical calculations and empirical determinations of the F_2^n/F_2^p ratio.Using a holographic derivation of a quantum effective action for a scalar operator at strong coupling, we compute quasiequilibrium parameters relevant for the gravitational wave signal from a first-order phase transition in a simple dual model. We discuss how the parameters of the phase transition vary with the effective number of degrees of freedom of the dual field theory. Our model can produce an observable signal at LISA if the critical temperature is around a TeV, in a parameter region where the field theory has an approximate conformal symmetry.Differential cross sections for Compton scattering from the proton have been measured at scattering angles of 55°, 90°, and 125° in the laboratory frame using quasimonoenergetic linearly (circularly) polarized photon beams with a weighted mean energy value of 83.4 MeV (81.3 MeV). These measurements were performed at the High Intensity Gamma-Ray Source facility at the Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory. The results are compared to previous measurements and are interpreted in the chiral effective field theory framework to extract the electromagnetic dipole polarizabilities of the proton, which gives α_E1^p=13.8±1.2_stat±0.1_BSR±0.3_theo,β_M1^p=0.2∓1.2_stat±0.1_BSR∓0.3_theo in units of 10^-4  fm^3.Given current discrepancy in muon g-2 and future dedicated efforts to measure muon electric dipole moment (EDM) d_μ, we assess the indirect constraints imposed on d_μ by the EDM measurements performed with heavy atoms and molecules. We notice that the dominant muon EDM effect arises via the muon-loop induced "light-by-light" CP-odd amplitude ∝BE^3, and in the vicinity of a large nucleus the corresponding parameter of expansion can be significant, eE_nucl/m_μ^2∼0.04. We compute the d_μ-induced Schiff moment of the ^199Hg nucleus, and the linear combination of d_e and semileptonic C_S operator (dominant in this case) that determine the CP-odd effects in the ThO molecule. The results, d_μ(^199Hg) less then 6×10^-20  e cm and d_μ(ThO) less then 2×10^-20  e cm, constitute approximately threefold and ninefold improvements over the limits on d_μ extracted from the Brookhaven National Laboratory muon beam experiment.We investigate the early coarsening dynamics of an atomic Bose gas quenched into a superfluid phase. Using a two-step quench protocol, we independently control the two cooling rates during and after passing through the critical region, respectively, and measure the number of quantum vortices spontaneously created in the system. The latter cooling rate regulates the temperature during the condensate growth, consequently controlling the early coarsening dynamics in the defect formation. We find that the defect number shows a scaling behavior with the latter cooling rate regardless of the initial cooling rate, indicating universal coarsening dynamics in the early stage of condensate growth. Our results demonstrate that early coarsening not only reduces the defect density, but also affects its scaling with the quench rate, which is beyond the Kibble-Zurek mechanism.The driven-dissipative Dicke model features normal, superradiant, and lasing steady states that may be regular or chaotic. We report quantum signatures of chaos in a quench protocol from the lasing states. Within the framework of a classical mean-field perspective, once quenched, the system relaxes either to the normal or to the superradiant state. Quench from chaos, unlike quench from a regular lasing state, exhibits erratic dependence on control parameters. In the quantum domain, this sensitivity implies an effect that is similar to universal conductance fluctuations.It has been experimentally observed that light-induced lattice expansion could enhance the solar conversion efficiency in hybrid perovskites, but the origin remains elusive. By performing rigorous first-principles calculations for a prototypical hybrid-perovskite FAPbI_3 (FA formamidinium), we show that 1% lattice expansion could already reduce the nonradiative capture coefficient by one order of magnitude. Unexpectedly, the suppressed nonradiative capture is not caused by changes in the band gap or defect transition level due to lattice expansion, but originates from enhanced defect relaxations associated with charge-state transitions in the expanded lattice. Tivantinib purchase These insights not only provide a rationale for the efficiency enhancement by lattice expansion in hybrid perovskites, but also offer a general approach to the manipulation of nonradiative capture via strain engineering in a wide spectrum of optoelectronic materials.We determine the full statistics of nonstationary heat transfer in the Kipnis-Marchioro-Presutti lattice gas model at long times by uncovering and exploiting complete integrability of the underlying equations of the macroscopic fluctuation theory. These equations are closely related to the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation (DNLS), and we solve them by the Zakharov-Shabat inverse scattering method (ISM) adapted by D. J. Kaup and A. C. Newell, J. Math. Phys. 19, 798 (1978)JMAPAQ0022-248810.1063/1.523737 for the DNLS. We obtain explicit results for the exact large deviation function of the transferred heat for an initially localized heat pulse, where we uncover a nontrivial symmetry relation.The diffusion of photogenerated holes is studied in a high-mobility mesoscopic GaAs channel where electrons exhibit hydrodynamic properties. It is shown that the injection of holes into such an electron system leads to the formation of a hydrodynamic three-component mixture consisting of electrons and photogenerated heavy and light holes. The obtained results are analyzed within the framework of ambipolar diffusion, which reveals characteristics of a viscous flow. Both hole types exhibit similar hydrodynamic characteristics. In such a way the diffusion lengths, ambipolar diffusion coefficient, and the effective viscosity of the electron-hole system are determined.We report the first observation of intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) in liquid water following inner-valence ionization. By combining a monochromatized tabletop high-harmonic source with a liquid microjet, we record electron-electron coincidence spectra at two photon energies that identify the ICD electrons, together with the photoelectrons originating from the 2a_1 inner-valence band of liquid water. Our results confirm the importance of ICD as a source of low-energy electrons in bulk liquid water and provide quantitative results for modeling the velocity distribution of the slow electrons that are thought to dominate radiation damage in aqueous environments.We investigate the limits of thermometry using quantum probes at thermal equilibrium within the Bayesian approach. We consider the possibility of engineering interactions between the probes in order to enhance their sensitivity, as well as feedback during the measurement process, i.e., adaptive protocols. On the one hand, we obtain an ultimate bound on thermometry precision in the Bayesian setting, valid for arbitrary interactions and measurement schemes, which lower bounds the error with a quadratic (Heisenberg-like) scaling with the number of probes. We develop a simple adaptive strategy that can saturate this limit. On the other hand, we derive a no-go theorem for nonadaptive protocols that does not allow for better than linear (shot-noise-like) scaling even if one has unlimited control over the probes, namely, access to arbitrary many-body interactions.
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