Notes

Cross-cultural adaptation as well as consent from the Amharic sort of Roland Morris Disability Customer survey throughout people with mid back pain in Ethiopia.
Prompt initiation of immunotherapy and tumor removal are crucial for good outcomes.
Electromagnetic interference (EMI), means disturbance to the operation of implanted electrical devices caused by external sources. If cardiac pacemaker is implanted into the body, the risk of EMI should be considered when performing neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). So far, no case has been reported that clinical magnets are used to safely manage the EMI risk of patients with cardiac pacemaker in NMES.

A 72-year-old male with swallowing disorder due to pure motor lacunar syndrome was transferred to rehabilitation department six days after the symptom onset. EMI risk needed be considered when implementing NMES on pharyngeal muscles, since cardiac pacemaker was implanted on his left chest due to the sick sinus syndrome. In the first NMES, the function of the pacemaker was directly monitored using telemetric instruments. From the second day, by a simple method of placing a magnet on the pacemaker, we chose to move the pacemaker into a mode that the device was not influenced by external stimulus. This magnet method has been used repeatedly for a year for the safe NMES treatment. We could remove Levin tube four months after the initial symptom and dysphagia related symptoms had not been noted during two-year follow-up period.

This report is the first case of dysphagia rehabilitation that EMI risk was handled using mode change of pacemaker with magnet. This method is unfamiliar to doctors, but safe and easy approach. This paper could be guidance for clinicians who need to treat patients with EMI risk.
This report is the first case of dysphagia rehabilitation that EMI risk was handled using mode change of pacemaker with magnet. This method is unfamiliar to doctors, but safe and easy approach. This paper could be guidance for clinicians who need to treat patients with EMI risk.
Scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional deformity of spine and one of the common complications of collagen VI-related myopathy, caused by mutations in
(
),
, and
genes. The typical clinical presentations of collagen VI-related myopathy include weakness, hypotonia, laxity of distal joints, contractures of proximal joints, and skeletal deformities.

A 28-year-old female presented with scoliosis for 28 years without weakness, hypotonia, laxity of distal joints, and contracture of proximal joints. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed hemivertebra, butterfly vertebra, and the missing vertebral space. Patients underwent orthopedic surgery and paravertebral muscle biopsy. The Cobb angle dropped from 103.4° to 52.9°. However, the muscle biopsy showed neurogenic muscular atrophy with myogenic lesions, suggesting congenital muscular dystrophy. Gene analysis indicated that mutations in
(c.1612-10G>A) and
(c.115+10G>T, c.2749G>A). Immunohistochemistry staining for collagen VI displayed shallow and discontinuous. Eventually, the patient was diagnosed as collagen VI-related myopathy.

This newly found subtype of collagen VI-related myopathy has no typical manifestations; however, it is characterized by severe scoliosis and congenital vertebral deformity.
This newly found subtype of collagen VI-related myopathy has no typical manifestations; however, it is characterized by severe scoliosis and congenital vertebral deformity.
Congenital transmesenteric hernia in children is a rare and potentially fatal form of internal abdominal hernia, and no specific clinical symptoms can be observed preoperatively. Therefore, this condition is not widely known among clinicians, and it is easily misdiagnosed, resulting in disastrous effects.

This report presents the case of a 13-year-old boy with a chief complaint of abdominal pain and vomiting and a history of duodenal ulcer. The patient was misdiagnosed with gastrointestinal bleeding and treated conservatively at first. Then, the patient's symptoms were aggravated and he presented in a shock-like state. Computed tomography revealed a suspected internal hernia, extensive small intestinal obstruction, and massive effusion in the abdominal and pelvic cavity. Intraoperative exploration found a small mesenteric defect approximately 3.5 cm in diameter near the ileocecal valve, and there was about 1.8 m of herniated small intestine that was treated by resection and anastomosis. The patient recovered well and was followed for more than 5 years without developing short bowel syndrome.

In this report, we review the pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital transmesenteric hernia in children.
In this report, we review the pathogenesis, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital transmesenteric hernia in children.
Hemichorea usually results from vascular lesions of the basal ganglia. Most often, the lesion is contralateral to the affected limb but rarely, it may be ipsilateral. The pathophysiology of ipsilateral hemichorea is still poorly understood. We review the literature on hemichorea due to ipsilateral cerebral infarction and explore possible mechanisms for its occurrence.

A 72-year-old woman presented with complaints of involuntary movements of the muscles of the left side of the face and mild weakness of the right limbs. Her symptoms had started suddenly 1 d earlier. After admission to the hospital, the involuntary movements spread to involve the left limbs also. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a left thalamic infarction. The patient's hemichorea subsided after treatment with haloperidol (2 mg per time, 3 times/d) for 3 d; the hemiparesis resolved with rehabilitation physiotherapy. She is presently symptom free and on treatment for prevention of secondary stroke. We review the literature on the occurrence of ipsilateral hemichorea following thalamic infarction and discuss the possible pathomechanisms of this unusual presentation.

Ipsilateral hemichorea following a thalamic stroke is rare but it can be explained by structure of the extrapyramidal system. The thalamus is a relay station that exerts a bilateral control of motor function.
Ipsilateral hemichorea following a thalamic stroke is rare but it can be explained by structure of the extrapyramidal system. The thalamus is a relay station that exerts a bilateral control of motor function.
Glycogen storage disease type Ib (GSD-Ib) is a glycogen metabolism disorder that leads to the manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially Crohn's disease (CD)-like colitis. Although biological agents are effective for treating CD, their application in the treatment of GSD-Ib with CD-like colitis has been rarely reported.

A 13-year-old Han male was diagnosed with GSD-Ib with CD. The patient was treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. When he had symptoms of CD-like colitis, he was continuously pumped with enteral nutrition and administered oral mesalazine for 2 wk; however, the symptoms did not improve significantly. Hence, infliximab (IFX) was administered. Hitherto, the patient has been followed up for 1 year, and no clinical manifestations have been observed. After 6 mo of treatment (fifth IFX treatment), the disease activity index and all inflammatory indexes decreased, and a review of the colonoscopy data showed that the ulcers appeared smooth.

In this study, the patient was successfully treated with IFX. In cases of GSD-Ib, IBD should be highly considered.
In this study, the patient was successfully treated with IFX. In cases of GSD-Ib, IBD should be highly considered.
Evidence has been published on the successful applications of the anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha antibody infliximab, such as induction therapy, salvage treatment for acute cellular rejection, and treatment for chronic ulcerative inflammation, in intestinal transplant recipients. However, the optimal protocol for the effective use of infliximab remains largely undetermined due to scarcity of available clinical data. We report a continuative application of infliximab as maintenance therapy for recurrent chronic ulcerative ileitis in a recipient of isolated intestinal transplantation (ITx).

The patient was a 11-year-old boy with intestinal motility disorder classified as a hypogenic type of intestinal dysganglionosis. The patient underwent living-donor related intestinal transplant. His immunosuppression regimen consisted of daclizumab, tacrolimus, and steroids. Although he did not show rejection while on tacrolimus monotherapy, routine screening endoscopy showed several ulcerative lesions in the distal end of the graft 2 years after the intestinal transplant. Endoscopic work up to evaluate the progression of anemia revealed stenosis with ulcerative inflammatory changes and multiple longitudinal ulcers in the graft. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/epertinib-hydrochloride.html Since the endoscopic findings suggested ulcerative lesions in Crohn's disease, infliximab treatment was considered. Treatment with infliximab and a small dose of oral prednisolone afforded successful withdrawal of total parenteral nutrition and maintenance of a well-functioning graft without infectious complications for 5 years since the administration of the first dose of infliximab.

Infliximab is effective as maintenance therapy for recurrent chronic ulcerative ileitis in an isolated ITx patient.
Infliximab is effective as maintenance therapy for recurrent chronic ulcerative ileitis in an isolated ITx patient.
Since the initial recognition of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, this infectious disease has spread to most areas of the world. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 is yet unclear. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation occurring in COVID-19 patients has not yet been reported.

A 45-year-old hepatitis B man with long-term use of adefovir dipivoxil and entecavir for antiviral therapy had HBV reactivation after being treated with methylprednisolone for COVID-19 for 6 d.

COVID-19 or treatment associated immunosuppression may trigger HBV reactivation.
COVID-19 or treatment associated immunosuppression may trigger HBV reactivation.
Gastrointestinal xanthomas are asymptomatic and infrequent non-neoplastic lesions that commonly occur in the stomach with
-associated gastritis and rarely in the esophagus. To date, there have been no reports of esophageal xanthoma combined with esophageal cancer. Herein, we present the first case in the literature of a diffuse xanthoma complicated with early esophageal cancer. Moreover, this combination makes the endoscopic diagnosis difficult if it is not in mind.

A 68-year-old man visited our department with a 2-mo history of epigastric discomfort. He underwent surgery for gastric cancer 6 years ago. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a semi-circumferential irregular yellowish-colored and granular lesion in the esophagus (30-35 cm from the incisors). Using magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging, aggregated minute and yellowish-colored spots with tortuous microvessels on the surface were observed, and background coloration was clearly seen in the lesion. As endoscopic biopsy suggested a histologically high-grade dysplasia; the lesion was completely resected
by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). The resected specimen was confirmed to be a squamous cell carcinoma
with extensive foamy cells in the superficial mucosal layer. Immunohistochemically, the observed foamy cells were strongly positive for CD68, which is characteristic of xanthoma. The clinical course was favorable, and no recurrence was observed 2 years and 7 mo after ESD.

Diffuse xanthoma concurrent with early esophageal cancer is extremely rare. The characteristic endoscopic features may assist endoscopists in diagnosing similar lesions.
Diffuse xanthoma concurrent with early esophageal cancer is extremely rare. The characteristic endoscopic features may assist endoscopists in diagnosing similar lesions.
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