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t for both being more likely to ask about suicide and refer peers to counseling.
To explore the association of educational institution religious affiliation with provision of sexual health services and rates of sexual violence.
Analysis of 500 US college/university websites; secondary data obtained from National Center for Education Statistics (NCES).
Content analysis documented institutional religious affiliation and availability of sexual health services. Chi-square tests examined association of services with religious affiliation, while negative binomial models compared rape/fondling rates obtained from NCES between Christian/non-Christian schools.
Results demonstrated an overall deficit in services, with Christian campuses significantly less likely to offer 13 service. Christian schools had increased reports of rape (years 2015/2016) and fondling (year 2015).
Results highlight insufficiency of sexual health services and the need for future research on specific forms of services available and other factors impacting sexual violence. Findings illuminate the importance of aor future research on specific forms of services available and other factors impacting sexual violence. Findings illuminate the importance of a campus' social environment on sexual assault occurrences/reporting and structuring services to meet student needs.
This study aimed to examine the link between friendship instability during emerging adulthood and depressive symptoms. The moderating role of gender and the pursuit (or not) of postsecondary education was also tested.
A total of 268 participants (60.7% women) was interviewed annually between the ages of 22 and 26.
Friendship instability was measured by asking the participants to name their three best friends each year and depressive symptoms were assessed at ages 22 and 26.
A multiple hierarchical regression analysis predicting depressive symptoms at age 26 (while controlling for symptoms at age 22) revealed a triple interaction between friendship instability, gender and the pursuit of postsecondary education. Specifically, friendship instability predicted depressive symptoms at age 26, but only among women pursuing postsecondary education.
These results highlight the importance of maintaining friendships for these individuals.
This study aimed to examine the link between friendship instability during emerging adulthood and depressive symptoms. The moderating role of gender and the pursuit (or not) of postsecondary education was also tested. Participants A total of 268 participants (60.7% women) was interviewed annually between the ages of 22 and 26. Methods Friendship instability was measured by asking the participants to name their three best friends each year and depressive symptoms were assessed at ages 22 and 26. Results A multiple hierarchical regression analysis predicting depressive symptoms at age 26 (while controlling for symptoms at age 22) revealed a triple interaction between friendship instability, gender and the pursuit of postsecondary education. Specifically, friendship instability predicted depressive symptoms at age 26, but only among women pursuing postsecondary education. Conclusions These results highlight the importance of maintaining friendships for these individuals.
We examined the prevalence of sleep paralysis (SP), its association with stress and sleep, and associated subjective experiences and beliefs.
1,115 college students from a large university in the southwestern United States. The sample was predominantly Hispanic (94%) and female (70%).
Validated measures of life-events stress, self-perceived stress, sleep quality and insomnia were administered to participants online.
35% of students had previously experienced SP and reported greater stress and poorer sleep than those who had never experienced it. Effect sizes were larger when comparing those who had/had not experienced SP within the prior year.
Based on our predominantly Hispanic and majority female sample, we found that SP is experienced by approximately one-third of undergraduate students and associated with both higher stress and poorer sleep. We therefore recommend that college health practitioners seek ways to integrate relevant assessment and education into campus health practices.
We examipractices.
To investigate stress levels among Canadian female university students and determine cutoff scores for low, moderate, and high stress in this population. Participants Hundred female undergraduates, mean age of 20.3 (
 = 1.8) years. Methods A cross-sectional design was employed and students were approached in hallways at the start of the 2018 academic year and asked to complete a Student-life Stress Inventory (SSI). Results Mean stress score was 138.2 (
 = 28.9) out of 255; 53% reported high exposure to stress with 80% reporting low behavioral response to stress. Conclusion Self-report exposure to stress was high in many at the semester start but manageable and stress scores were similar to other campuses that administered the SSI. A study design that uses qualitative data to enhance the survey findings while longitudinal tracking over the academic year may better inform the extent of student stress exposure and how students effectively cope with this exposure.
To investigate stress levels among Canadian female university students and determine cutoff scores for low, moderate, and high stress in this population. Participants Hundred female undergraduates, mean age of 20.3 (SD = 1.8) years. Methods A cross-sectional design was employed and students were approached in hallways at the start of the 2018 academic year and asked to complete a Student-life Stress Inventory (SSI). Results Mean stress score was 138.2 (SD = 28.9) out of 255; 53% reported high exposure to stress with 80% reporting low behavioral response to stress. Conclusion Self-report exposure to stress was high in many at the semester start but manageable and stress scores were similar to other campuses that administered the SSI. A study design that uses qualitative data to enhance the survey findings while longitudinal tracking over the academic year may better inform the extent of student stress exposure and how students effectively cope with this exposure.Prior theoretical models of information seeking have examined its role, primarily, as a determinant of recommended behaviors. In this study, we develop and test the "behavior and risk information engagement" (BRIE) model, which accounts for the reciprocal effects of information seeking from interpersonal and media sources on two risk behaviors - nonmedical marijuana and amphetamine use. We test the model among young Israeli adults (N = 800) using a three-wave prospective observational study (at 6-month intervals). Autoregressive cross-lagged structural equation models showed good fit. Information seeking from interpersonal sources at baseline predicted amphetamine use and marijuana use at 6 months. In both models, seeking drug-related information from interpersonal sources at baseline was also a predictor of seeking information from media sources at 6 months. Information seeking from media sources at 6 months was also a significant predictor of amphetamine use at 12 months. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
The purpose of this study was to extend research on napping and sleep behaviors in collegiate athletes, and to compare nappers and non-nappers on sleep quality and duration.
Current varsity, club, and intramural athletes between 18-29 years completed the Short Napping Behavior Scale, Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.
Approximately 72% (129/179) reported napping. There were no significant differences in outcomes between nap frequency groups on sleep quality (

(3)=4.97,
=.17) or duration (

(3)=1.20,
=.75). Moreover, there was no significant differences for nap length groups on sleep quality (

(3)=7.03,
=.07) or duration (

(3)=1.32,
=.72). Furthermore, there were no significant differences for nap timing groups on sleep quality (

(3)=1.54,
=.67) or duration (

(3)=2.43,
=.49).
In a sample of collegiate athletes, nap frequency, length, and timing were not associated with worse sleep quality or duration.
The purpose of this study was to extend research on napping and sleep behaviors in collegiate athletes, and to compare nappers and non-nappers on sleep quality and duration. Methods Current varsity, club, and intramural athletes between 18-29 years completed the Short Napping Behavior Scale, Pittsburgh Quality Sleep Index, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Results Approximately 72% (129/179) reported napping. There were no significant differences in outcomes between nap frequency groups on sleep quality (Χ2(3)=4.97, p=.17) or duration (Χ2(3)=1.20, p=.75). Moreover, there was no significant differences for nap length groups on sleep quality (Χ2(3)=7.03, p=.07) or duration (Χ2(3)=1.32, p=.72). Furthermore, there were no significant differences for nap timing groups on sleep quality (Χ2(3)=1.54, p=.67) or duration (Χ2(3)=2.43, p=.49). Conclusion In a sample of collegiate athletes, nap frequency, length, and timing were not associated with worse sleep quality or duration.Background We investigate the mental health risk of U.S. Black women by examining the roles of intimate partner violence (IPV), major discrimination, neighborhood characteristics, and sociodemographic factors using one of the largest and most complete datasets on U.S. Blacks. Materials and Methods The National Survey of American Life (NSAL) used a slightly modified version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI) with a sample of 6082 participants. We also assess intraracial group differences based on ethnicity and nativity status (U.S.-born African American, U.S.-born Caribbean Black, and foreign-born Caribbean Black). Results The study provides evidence that severe physical intimate partner violence (SPIPV) is a significant threat to the mental health of U.S. Black women. Bivariate and multivariate analyses indicate that those with a history of SPIPV were at greater risk for mental disorders than women who did not experience violence by a spouse or partner. selleck inhibitor Racial discrimination was associated with higher odds of anxiety and substance disorders, whereas gender discrimination was associated with higher odds of mood disorders. Neighborhood drug problems also increased the odds of mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Older age and being an Afro-Caribbean immigrant were associated with lower odds of three of four mental disorders. Conclusions Findings from the study indicate the need for community and clinical interventions aimed at addressing IPV and other community factors that influence Black women's mental health.Qualitative sampling methods differ from quantitative sampling methods. It is important that one understands those differences, as well as, appropriate qualitative sampling techniques. Appropriate sampling choices enhance the rigor of qualitative research studies. These types of sampling strategies are presented, along with the pros and cons of each. Sample size and data saturation are discussed.
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