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The prevalence of frailty, pre-frailty and ambulation (one of the FRAIL components) were higher in the albuminuria group than the normoalbuminuria group (23.9% vs. 12.2%, 47.9% vs.37.4%, 33.8% vs. 16.0%, respectively, P<0.05). Following the adjustment for age, eGFR, hypertension, diabetes and using ACEI/ARB, being frail or pre-frail led to an enhanced risk of albuminuria (OR frail 2.60, 95% CI frail 1.01-6.72; OR pre-frail 2.14, 95% CI pre-frail 1.03-4.44).

Frailty is independently associated with albuminuria when adjusted for classic cardiovascular risk factors.
Frailty is independently associated with albuminuria when adjusted for classic cardiovascular risk factors.
Because of the lack of sufficient data, we aimed to investigate the role of serum 25(OH) vitamin D level on COVID severity and related mortality.

This was a retrospective observational study. StemRegenin 1 research buy Data, including sociodemographic features, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data, and 25(OH) vitamin D levels were recorded for each study participant. Patients were stratified into different vitamin D groups; Normal (Serum 25(OH) vitamin D level >30 ng/mL), Vitamin D insufficiency (21-29 ng/mL), and deficiency (<20 ng/mL). The severity of COVID was classified according to the Chinese Clinical Guideline for classification of COVID-19 severity. Mortality data were determined for participants. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors of in-hospital mortality.

Overall, 149 COVID-19 patients (females 45.6%, mean age 63.5 ± 15.3 (range 24-90 years) years) were included. StemRegenin 1 research buy Forty-seven patients (31.5%) had moderate COVID-19, whereas 102 patients (68.5%) had severe-critical COVID-19. The mean 25(OH) vitamin D level was 15.2 ± 10.3 ng/mL. Thirty-four (22.8%) and 103 (69.1%) patients had vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, respectively. Mean serum 25(OH) vitamin D level was significantly lower in patients with severe-critical COVID-19 compared with moderate COVID-19 (10.1 ± 6.2 vs. 26.3 ± 8.4 ng/mL, respectively, p<0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency was present in 93.1% of the patients with severe-critical COVID-19. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only lymphocyte count, white blood cell count, serum albumin and, 25(OH) vitamin D level were independent predictors of mortality.

Serum 25(OH) vitamin D was independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Serum 25(OH) vitamin D was independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients.
Our study aims to determine whether sarcopenia is a predictive factor of future hip fractures.

Systematic review and meta-analysis. StemRegenin 1 research buy Set We searched for potentially suitable articles in PubMed, Cochrane library, Medline and EMBASE from inception to March 2020. The quality of the research was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Finally, a meta-analysis was conducted with the Stata software.

Older community-dwelling residents.

Hip fracture due to sarcopenia.

We retrieved 2129 studies through our search strategy, and five studies with 23,359 individuals were analyzed in our pooled analyses. Sarcopenia increases the risk of future hip fractures with a pooled hazard ratio (HR) of 1.42 (95% CI 1.18-1.71, P <0.001, I2 = 37.7%). In addition, in subgroup analyses based on different definitions of sarcopenia, sarcopenia was associated with the risk of future hip fractures with the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria with a pooled HR of 2.13(95% CI 1.33-3.43). When subgroup analyses were conducted by sex, sarcopenia was associated with the risk for future hip fractures in females with pooled HRs of 1.69 (95% CI 1.18-2.43). Sarcopenia was associated with the risk of future hip fractures in the group with a follow-up period of more than 5 years, with a pooled HR of 1.32 (95% CI 1.08-1.61), and in the group with a follow-up period of less than 5 years, with a pooled HR of 2.13 (95% CI 1.33-3.43).

Sarcopenia could significantly increase the risk of future hip fracture in old people; thus, it is necessary to prevent hip fractures in individuals with sarcopenia.
Sarcopenia could significantly increase the risk of future hip fracture in old people; thus, it is necessary to prevent hip fractures in individuals with sarcopenia.
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease, which is characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function. link2 It is one of the most important health issues in the elderly and often leads to a high rate and variety of adverse outcomes.

To evaluate the screening accuracy of SARC-F for sarcopenia in the elderly.

We conducted a meta-analysis using articles available in 6 databases including PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI), and Wanfang databases from inception to May 2020.

Adults aged 60 years and older.

Sarcopenia was defined by EWGSOP2, EWGSOP, AWGS, FNIH and IWGS. Two authors independently extracted data based on predefined criteria. Where data were available we calculated pooled summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) based on different criteria using the hier for screening sarcopenia in practice, SARC-F was still an effective screening tool for sarcopenia in the elderly. And the screening accuracy of SARC-F needs further exploration when EWGSOP2 is applied as diagnostic criteria and geriatric inpatients are the target participants.
The screening accuracy of SARC-F was various based on different diagnostic criteria. link2 link2 There were some limitations for SARC-F, however, considering the higher practicability and specificity for screening sarcopenia in practice, SARC-F was still an effective screening tool for sarcopenia in the elderly. And the screening accuracy of SARC-F needs further exploration when EWGSOP2 is applied as diagnostic criteria and geriatric inpatients are the target participants.
Previous studies have reported a relationship between low protein intake and cognitive decline and have suggested that this association may be related to specific amino acid intake. However, the effects of amino acid intake on the maintenance of cognitive function have yet to be clarified. link3 We examined the longitudinal association between dietary amino acid intake and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults.

Longitudinal epidemiological study.

Community-based setting.

This study comprised 427 study participants aged 60-82 years with no cognitive decline, defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of >27 at baseline, who also participated in a follow-up. The average and standard deviation of the follow-up period was 8.2 ± 0.3 years.

Dietary intake was assessed using three-day dietary records at baseline. Participants were classified into quartiles (Q1-Q4) based on the intake of 19 amino acids for males and females. Next, we classified participants into Q1 and Q2-Q4 groupsognitive function in older people, independent of total protein intake.
The results suggest that lysine, phenylalanine, threonine, and alanine intake is important for the maintenance of cognitive function in older people, independent of total protein intake.
Emerging evidence suggests that multicomponent exercise provides greater benefits for physical and cognitive function than single component exercise. link3 However, few studies have been conducted to determine these effects in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and findings have been less conclusive. It has been reported that older women have a greater risk of falls and a higher incidence of dementia than men.

To examine the effects of multicomponent exercise on cognitive performance and fall risk in older women with MCI.

An experimental design comparing the exercise and control groups.

Forty community-dwelling older women with MCI were allocated to the exercise (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups.

Twelve weeks of multicomponent exercise program (aerobic, resistance, and balance exercise) 60 mins/day, 3 days/week.

Cognitive performance including the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) and Trail Making Test (TMT) and fall risk including the Timed Up and Go (TUG) single-, dual-task, and Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA) were administered before and after the 12-week exercise program.

At the end of the 12-week training, participants in the exercise group had a significantly greater improvement in TMT part A (p < 0.05), TUG dual-task (p < 0.05), and PPA composite score (p < 0.05) when compared to the control group. The exercise group also demonstrated significant improvement in TUG dual-task, PPA composite score, PPA subcomponents including postural sway and reaction time when compared to baseline (p < 0.05). In contrast, at 12-week, the control group showed a decline in TUG dual-task performance as compared to baseline (p < 0.05).

The 12-week multicomponent exercise improved attention, dual-task ability, and reduced risk of falling in older women with mild cognitive impairment.
The 12-week multicomponent exercise improved attention, dual-task ability, and reduced risk of falling in older women with mild cognitive impairment.
To investigate the predictive capacity of an age-related deficit accumulation index (the so-called Frailty Index [FI] proposed by Rockwood) for hospital admission (HA) and number of days spent in hospital (DSH) among nursing home residents.

Data are from a longitudinal cohort study, the Incidence of pNeumonia and related ConseqUences in nursing home Residents (INCUR), of 768 elder people (75.4% women) living in 13 nursing homes in France.

The FI was computed taking into account 30 possible deficits at the baseline visit. Hospital admissions were defined as all urgent and involuntary admissions including unplanned readmissions. The length of stay was the total number of days spent by the resident in the hospital. link3 Cox proportional hazard models in the presence of competing risks (death) were performed to study the relationship between the FI and HA over a 12-month follow-up. A Zero-inflated negative binomial regression was performed to study the association between the FI and DSH.

Mean age of participants was 86.7 (standard deviation [SD] 6.9) years, with a mean FI of 0.37 (SD 0.11). At the end of the follow-up, 238 (30.9%) HA events were recorded. Positive associations of the FI with DSH and HA were reported (per 0.01 FI increment age- and gender-adjusted hazard ratio 1.15, 95% confidence interval 1.020-1.297, p=0.02 and OR 1.209 (1.075 - 1.359, p<0.001, respectively).

The FI is a strong predictor of negative health-related outcomes as HA and DSH events, even with very old and complex nursing home residents.
The FI is a strong predictor of negative health-related outcomes as HA and DSH events, even with very old and complex nursing home residents.
During aging, loss of muscle strength (dynapenia) combined with unhealthy lifestyles and sedentarism can lead to functional limitations and dependency; currently there is still limited evidence about multicomponent training as a treatment for dynapenia and dependence in ambulatory older women.

To evaluate the effect of a multicomponent physical exercise program (VIVIFRAIL) on physical functionality in elderly ambulatory women with dynapenia.

A non-randomized clinical trial was realized in 61 ambulatory older women (65-80 years old) with dynapenia that belonged from two Integral Gerontological Centers (IGC) of Hidalgo, Mexico, from June to December 2019.

The control group (CG) received the physical daily training applied in the IGC (yoga, cardio-dance or tai chi) and the intervention group (IG) participated in a multicomponent program training (resistance, flexibility, balance and gait) called "VIVIFRAIL" for 12 weeks, minimum 3 weekly sessions of 45-60 minutes.

All participants were evaluated at baseline (0 weeks), intermediate (6 weeks) and final (12 weeks), evaluations included glucose, blood pressure (SBP and DBP), anthropometric test, body composition evaluation and functional performance test with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), muscle strength and a falls risk short test.
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