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Polystyrene nanoplastics dysregulate lipid fat burning capacity inside murine macrophages inside vitro.
Stem cells represent the small subpopulation of healthy and cancerous tissues, which are characterised with increased proliferation and self-renewal properties. From the many different markers of stem cells, we have investigated the stem cell index during the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), based on the immunohistochemical expression of CD44 in total of 140 tissue samples from uterine cervix. In addition, we have performed the profound correlation analysis of CD44 with different epithelial-mesenchymal, proliferation, apoptosis and hormonal markers at both protein and mRNA level. The results of our study indicated that, stem cell index based on the CD44 detection is significantly increased with the progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Selleckchem BI-3802 In addition, CD44 expression significantly correlates with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, proliferation-apoptotic features and ER status in both protein and mRNA level. Two, groups of cervical intraepithelial lesions as well as carcinoma can be identified based on the expression of CD44, Ki67, Cas3 and ER. To the best of our knowledge we are first to demonstrate such findings in CIN and cervical carcinoma and identified characteristics could be used for the early assessment of CIN patient prognosis and for the relevant clinical management.Uterine leiomyoma represents the most common pelvic tumor in females, including numerous histological subtypes, from which smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignancy potential (STUMP) represents the diagnostic challenge. On the other hand, the study of the relapse risk markers after laparoscopic myomectomy is of high interest. We investigated the molecular phenotype of different types of leiomyoma after hysterectomy or laparoscopic surgery in reproductive and menopausal women. Standard immunohistochemistry was used to detect proliferation markers Ki67 and cyclin D1, apoptotic markers Bcl2 and Cas3, and ER and PR. The results of our study indicated that ER expression is significantly higher in relapsed leiomyoma, compared to control group. In addition, relapsed leiomyomas are characterised with high proliferation and apoptotic index. With regard to STUMP despite histological homogeneity, this entity is characterised with the presence of three distinct molecular subtypes, based on proliferation and apoptotic marker expression, which should be used as diagnostic aid in these tumors.The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and Atherosclerotic (At) cardiovascular diseases (CVD) has been one of the most popular topics but causal connection between Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), lipid profile and follicular epithelial molecular biology is controversial. We investigated 3 groups of patients (group I - HT, group II - HT+At, group III - At). All laboratory tests for thyroid function and lipid profile detection were used according to international guideline recommendations, coronary and femoral arteries intima-media thickness (IMT) were tested by high-resolution ultrasonography, thyroid gland histology and immunohistochemistry carried out by p63 and S100 protein expression control. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 7.0, SPSS-20 version, Mann-Whitney U-test and Pearson's correlation. Comparisons between groups and factors were made using Multiple Linear Regression model. With the results obtained, dyslipidemia and the diastolic hypertension accelerate the hypothyroidism in HT+At group to predispose carotid and femoral arteries IMT. TSH and anti-TPO antibody levels are directly linked to the cardiovascular complications. Biomarkers S100 and p63 data show negative feedback effects of hypercholesterolemia on the high morphological risk features in Hashimoto parenchyma, which may partially explain the significant trend and pathobiological link of HT with Papillary thyroid carcinoma.Aim of study - Investigation of changes in hepatocyte size and shape and architecture of the sinusoidal network in 2-week dynamics after resection 2/3 of the liver. The experiments were performed on 16 adult male Wistar rats weighing 190-200 grams who underwent 2/3 resection of liver, while a resected portion of the liver of the same rat was considered as a control. We examined liver tissue by histological, immunohistochemical, morphometrical methods, and the architecture of the sinusoidal capillary network by electron microscopy of corrosion casts. The study was conducted in 24 hours, 48 hours, 96 hours, 1 week, and 2 weeks after surgery. The shape and size of the hepatocytes in the first and third zones of the liver acinus change with the term of the experiment. With changes in the shape and size of hepatocytes, new intercellular connections are formed, including with the involvement of atypical membrane protrusions of deformed neighboring hepatocytes. One week after regeneration, electron microscopic examination of corrosion casts reveals a network of sinusoids that spatially define lobules of different shapes and sizes, including those that appear to be a combination of two "normal" lobules. Superficial sinusoids are often markedly dilated (up to 25 μm). In addition, small-diameter (6-7μm) sinusoidal casts with a rough surface and small bud-shaped protrusions are observed in some areas, giving the line of this a zigzag shape. The existence of hepatic vein tributaries and associated with them large sinusoids, found In single areas, reveals the characteristic feature of vascular sprouting. Based on the data obtained, it can be assumed that despite the recovery of liver mass, the regeneration process is not complete. Regenerated liver undergoes a permanent process of transformation of hepatocytes' shape and size, as well as the transformation of the vascular network, which is the basis for changes in the spatial architecture of the liver lobules.Analysis of liver matrix studies makes it obvious that knowledge about the connective tissue skeleton of the liver is not systematized, the terminology is contradictory, and the question of the construction of some components sometimes causes controversy. We set a goal to study the features of the construction of the connective tissue matrix of the liver of various mammals and birds in order to identify and systematize general and specific patterns of this structure. The liver of mammals with a gallbladder (pigs, sheep) and without a gallbladder (rats) and birds (domestic chickens with a gallbladder) was studied by the methods of anatomical preparation, histology, histochemistry, histotopography, immunohistochemistry, scanning electron microscopy of corrosion replicas and fluorescence microscopy. In the liver of mammals and birds, connective tissue membranes of various thicknesses and compositions around the portal tracts and hepatic veins are revealed. These membranes are connected in various ways with each other, the liver capsule and the intralobular network of connective tissue and form an extracellular matrix, which strengthens the structure of the liver tissue and helps the organ maintain its integrity in various pathological conditions.
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