Notes

Moving toward far better wellbeing: workout practice is associated with increased final results after backbone surgery inside those with degenerative back problems.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is mostly transmitted through respiratory droplets. One of the exposure methods pf this disease is through occupational exposures and, thereby, a large number of people are prone to catching this disease due to their occupations. Nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic are at the forefront of healthcare. There is no information about the level of resilience and the demographic and job factors predicting resilience in the critical conditions of this occupational group.

The present study aims to determine the resilience score and its predictive demographic factors among the nurses working at the hospitals involved with COVID-19 in Ahvaz, Iran.

387 nurses from Ahvaz hospitals participated in this study. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was used to assess resilience. Demographic information was also collected using a designed questionnaire. Since the present study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, the questionnaires were sent online. Data were entered o better understand effective and predictive demographic factors to achieve higher resilience in stressful situations.
Occupational burnout, which is more and more commonly encountered among medical professionals and investigated by researchers worldwide, may in particular affect health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The aim of the study was to assess the risk of occupational burnout among physiotherapists working actively in clinical hospitals in south-eastern Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The level of burnout among the studied physiotherapists was assessed using the Polish version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory by Maslach (MBI). The study was conducted from 20 March to 3 May, 2020 among physiotherapists working professionally during the COVID-19 pandemic in the south east of Poland, during which time health services related to therapeutic rehabilitation were suspended. The study was conducted among 1,540 physiotherapists with a license to practice who worked in clinical departments. Considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 106 physiotherapists were qualified for the study.

The current fo gain a better understanding of the possible effects of social isolation and greater personal work-related health risks on the mental health of these medical professionals.
During walking, postural stability is controlled by visual, vestibular and proprioceptive input. The auditory system uses acoustic input to localize sound sources. For some static balance conditions, the auditory influence on posture was already proven. Little is known about the impact of auditory inputs on balance in dynamic conditions.

This study is aimed at investigating postural stability of walking tasks in silence and sound on condition to better understand the impact of auditory input on balance in movement.

Thirty participants performed walking (eyes open), tandem steps, walking with turning head and walking over barriers. During each task, acoustic condition changed between silence and presented noise through an earth-fixed loudspeaker located at the end of the walking distance. Body sway velocity was recorded close to the body's center of gravity.

A decreased body sway velocity was significant for walking (eyes open), tandem steps and walking over barriers when noise was presented. Those auditory stimuli did not affect sway velocity while walking with turning head. The posture has probably improved due to the localization ability when walking with the head facing forward, while the localization ability was impaired when turning the head.

The localization ability of a fixed sound source through the auditory system has a significant but limited impact on posture while walking.
The localization ability of a fixed sound source through the auditory system has a significant but limited impact on posture while walking.
Gait analysis is important for the lower limb prosthesis design. Simulating the natural motion of the human knee in different terrains is useful for the design and performance assessment of the prosthetic knee.

This study aimed to propose a four-bar knee joint measurement system which can simulate the natural knee motions to collect the kinetic parameters precisely and analyze the walking characteristics under different terrain conditions.

A low-cost four-bar knee joint mechanism was proposed and gait characteristics were assessed on level ground, ascending and descending stairs, and ascending and descending ramp.

The initial knee flexion angle during stair ascent at heel strike is obviously larger than in other walking scenes. The stance phase accounts for 53% of a single gait cycle during stair descent, which is slightly lower than other walking scenarios. The period that both the hindfoot and forefoot contact the ground in ramp descent accounts for 18%, which is less than for the others. While the forefoot contacts the ground in ramp ascent, the maximum vertical ground reaction force of the forefoot occurs when the hindfoot and forefoot simultaneously contact the ground, whereas in other scenarios the forefoot contacts the ground solely.

The four-bar knee joint can simulate the natural motion of the human knee accurately. The gait characteristics analysis of different walking scenarios indicated that the low-cost four-bar knee joint exoskeleton was suitable for human knee joint simulation.
The four-bar knee joint can simulate the natural motion of the human knee accurately. The gait characteristics analysis of different walking scenarios indicated that the low-cost four-bar knee joint exoskeleton was suitable for human knee joint simulation.
The mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus is sensitivis susceptible to infection or inflammation adjacent to it, which may contribute to mucous membrane thickening (MMT). Residual alveolar bone quality (RABQ) is considered a quality of the remaining bone apical to periodontal defect adjoining to the floor of the maxillary sinus.

The current study aimed to analyze the minimum RABQ to prevent the extension of periodontal pathology from reaching maxillary sinus using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

In this retrospective observational study, 240 sinus exposure CBCT records of 146 patients were evaluated. Patients with at least one sinus exposure were included. RABQ and MMT were calculated using CBCT inbuilt tools. RABQ was divided into four groups based on gray scale values (GSV). Statistical analysis was performed using one way ANOVA and independent sample t-tests. Correlation was completed applying Pearson's correlation coefficient.

A significant difference (p< 0.05) was observed between the Mmpt treatment along with appropriate regenerative protocols can be performed to increase the RABQ. Further microbiological investigation is required to support the present results.
The distal biceps brachii tendon rupture is a rare injury of the musculoskeletal system. Multiple surgical techniques have been described for distal biceps brachii tendon repairs including suture anchors.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of anatomical distal biceps tendon refixation using either one or two suture anchors for reattachment and to determine whether there are significant clinically important differences on the number of anchors used for refixation.

A monocentric, randomized controlled trial was conducted, including 16 male patients with a mean age of 47.4years (range, 31.0 to 58.0) in Group 1 (two suture anchors for refixation) and 15 male patients with a mean age of 47.4 (range, 35.0 to 59.0) in Group 2 (one suture anchor for refixation). All surgeries were performed through an anterior approach. The outcome was assessed using the Oxford Elbow Score (OES), the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score, the Andrews Carson Score (ACS) and by isokinetic strength measurement for the elbow flexion after six, twelve, 24 and 48 weeks. Radiographic controls were performed after 24 and 48 weeks.

No significant differences between both groups were evident at any point during the follow-up period. A continuous improvement in outcome for both groups could be detected, reaching an OES 46.3 (39.0 to 48.0) vs. 45.5 (30.0 to 48.0), MEPS 98.0 (85.0 to 100.0) vs. 99.0 (85.0 to 100.0), DASH 3.1 (0.0 to 16.7) vs. 2.9 (0.0 to 26.7), ACS 197.0 (175.0 to 200.0) vs. 197.7.
No significant differences between both groups were evident at any point during the follow-up period. click here A continuous improvement in outcome for both groups could be detected, reaching an OES 46.3 (39.0 to 48.0) vs. 45.5 (30.0 to 48.0), MEPS 98.0 (85.0 to 100.0) vs. 99.0 (85.0 to 100.0), DASH 3.1 (0.0 to 16.7) vs. 2.9 (0.0 to 26.7), ACS 197.0 (175.0 to 200.0) vs. 197.7.
The treatment of adolescent patients with distal femoral cancer has always been a concern. The limb-salvage, regarded as a mainstream treatment, had been developed in recent years, but its application in children still remains challenging. This is because it can lead to potential limb-length discrepancy from the continued normal growth of the contralateral lower body. The extendable prosthesis could solve this problem. The principle is that it can artificially control the length of the prosthesis, making it consistent with the length of the side of the lower limbs. However, this prosthesis has some complications. The extendable prosthesis is classified into invasive and minimally invasive, which extends the prosthesis with each operation.

We designed a new non-invasive prosthesis that can be extended in the body. Based on the non-invasive and extendable characteristics, we need to verify the supporting performance of this prosthesis.

We carried out a mechanical testing method and finite element analysis simulation.

The support performance and non-invasively extension of this prosthesis were verified.
The support performance and non-invasively extension of this prosthesis were verified.
Force Monitoring Devices (FMDs) reported in the literature to monitor applied force during Joint Mobilization Technique (JMT) possess complex design/bulky which alters the execution of treatment, has poor accuracy and is unable to feel the resistance provided by soft tissues limits its usage in the clinical settings.

This study aims to develop a highly accurate, portable FMD and to demonstrate real-time monitoring of force applied by health professionals during JMT without altering its execution.

The FMD was constructed using the FlexiForce sensor, potential divider, ATmega 328 microcontroller, custom-written software, and liquid crystal display. The calibration, accuracy, and cyclic repeatability of the FMD were tested from 0 to 90 N applied load with a gold standard universal testing machine. For practical demonstration, the FMD was tested for monitoring applied force by a physiotherapist while performing Maitland's grade I to IV over the 6th cervical vertebra among 30 healthy subjects.

The obtained Bland-Altman plot limits agreement for accuracy, and cyclic repeatability was -1.57 N to 1.22 N, and -1.26 N to 1.26 N, respectively with standard deviation and standard error of the mean values of 3.77% and 0.73% and 2.15% and 0.23%, respectively. The test-retest reliability of the FMD tested by the same researcher at an interval of one week showed an excellent intra-class correlation coefficient of r= 1.00. The obtained force readings for grade I to IV among 30 subjects ranged from 10.33 N to 45.24 N.

Appreciable performance of the developed FMD suggested that it may be useful to monitor force applied by clinicians during JMT among neck pain subjects and is a useful educational tool for academicians to teach mobilization skills.
Appreciable performance of the developed FMD suggested that it may be useful to monitor force applied by clinicians during JMT among neck pain subjects and is a useful educational tool for academicians to teach mobilization skills.
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