Notes

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21 ±8.42 h vs. 48.63 ±10.42 h; p < 0.001), earlier resumption of oral feeding (31.80 ±8.7 h vs. 42.35 ±10.80 h; p < 0.001), lower VAS, and higher QoR-15 score (139.29 ±2.21 vs. 137.03 ±3.77; p = 0.002) on postoperative day 2. For post-operative complications, there was no significant difference between the two groups.

The ERAS protocol is feasible and safe for POEM, and may decrease standard postoperative LOS, shorten recovery of gastrointestinal function, and improve postoperative patient satisfaction.
The ERAS protocol is feasible and safe for POEM, and may decrease standard postoperative LOS, shorten recovery of gastrointestinal function, and improve postoperative patient satisfaction.This paper aims to revisit the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in obese patients by reviewing the recent available literature, in the form of a narrative review. The interpretation of the current evidence is challenged by the fact that published data are contradictory and comparison between studies is difficult. Most studies investigate the presence of gastroesophageal reflux disease by assessing only the symptoms reported by patients. A few studies have objectively investigated gastroesophageal reflux disease by functional tests and endoscopic evaluation. Also, the surgical technique of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy plays an important role in the incidence of postoperative gastroesophageal reflux disease. In conclusion, surgeons must be aware of the existence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and, at the same time, patients should be informed regarding the possible effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Preoperative computed tomography (CT)-guided localization is commonly employed to facilitate video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS)-guided diagnostic wedge resection of pulmonary nodules (PNs).

The present meta-analysis was conducted with the goal of better evaluating the feasibility, safety, and clinical efficacy of preoperative CT-guided localization for multiple PNs (MPNs).

PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were reviewed in order to identify all relevant studies published as of June 2020. Random effects modeling was then used to evaluate the pooled data. The meta-analysis was conducted using Stata v12.0 software.

Eight relevant studies were identified for inclusion in the present meta-analysis. In total, 345 patients with 799 PNs were treated with preoperative CT-guided localization and subsequent wedge resection. The overall pooled technical success rate based on the nodules and patients was calculated to be 97% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94-0.99) and 92% (95% CI 0.86-0.97), respectively. The overall pooled incidence rate of complications was calculated to be 40% (95% CI 0.16-0.63). Significant heterogeneity was observed among the studies for all the parameters described above (I
= 74.5%, 77.7%, and 96.3%, respectively). EG011 No significant differences were detected in the technical success of localization and incidence of complications between coil and hook-wire groups. The risk of publication bias in the reporting of technical success rate of localization based on both nodules and patients was found to be high (p < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively).

Preoperative CT-guided localization may be effective in guiding VATS-guided wedge resection in patients with MPNs.
Preoperative CT-guided localization may be effective in guiding VATS-guided wedge resection in patients with MPNs.
Malignant esophageal obstruction is usually caused by esophageal and other chest cancers. More than 80% of cases of obstructive esophageal cancer (OEC) have lost the chance of curative resection. Stent insertion is a first-line palliative approach used to treat incurable OEC.

To gauge the relative clinical efficacy of I-125 seed-loaded stent (ISS) versus normal stent (NS) insertion as a treatment for OEC.

Querying of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to find all relevant studies published up to November 2020. The meta-analysis was undertaken using RevMan v5.3.

We identified 158 studies initially, eight (4 randomized controlled trials and 4 retrospective studies) of which were used in this meta-analysis. We found that the two groups exhibited the comparable pooled
dysphagia scores (MD = 0.02; p = 0.80), stent restenosis rates (OR = 0.97; p = 0.89), stent migration rates (OR = 0.81; p = 0.63), severe chest pain rates (OR = 1.05; p = 0.81), hemorrhage rates (OR = 1.53; p = 0.16), aspiration pneumonia rates (OR = 0.72; p = 0.38), and fistula formation rates (OR = 1.47; p = 0.44). The pooled time-to-restenosis and survival were both significantly longer in the ISS group (p = 0.04 and < 0.0001, respectively). Significant heterogeneity was detected in the endpoints of
dysphagia scores and survival (I
= 73% and 86%, respectively). Funnel plot analysis indicated an absence of publication bias related to the selected study endpoints.

For patients with OEC, our meta-analysis indicated that ISS insertion could provide longer stent patency and survival than NS insertion.
For patients with OEC, our meta-analysis indicated that ISS insertion could provide longer stent patency and survival than NS insertion.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is an approach that is used to alleviate portal hypertension-related symptoms. The optimal stent diameter for TIPS remains controversial.

To assess outcomes in patients who underwent TIPS using 8 mm and 10 mm stents.

The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were queried for all pertinent studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan v5.3. This meta-analysis was registered at the PROSPERO website (Number CRD42020212392).

Eighty-two potentially relevant articles were initially detected, with seven of these ultimately being included in this meta-analysis. Patients in the 10 mm stent group exhibited a significantly higher
portosystemic pressure gradient (
PPG) relative to the 8 mm group (p = 0.04), whereas no differences between groups were observed with respect to postoperative hepatic encephalopathy (HE, p = 0.25), re-bleeding (p = 0.82), liver transplantation (p = 0.45), or mortality (p = 0.43) rates. The TIPS dysfunction rate was significant lower in the 10 mm group (p = 0.01). In Asian studies, the postoperative HE rate was found to be significantly lower in the 8 mm group relative to the 10 mm group (p = 0.02), whereas all other endpoints were comparable between these groups. In Western studies,
PPG values were significantly greater in the 10 mm group (p < 0.0001), whereas all other endpoint data were comparable between these groups.

TIPS with 10 mm stents provides a lower TIPS dysfunction rate. However, 8 mm stents may be recommended for Asian patients, as they can decrease the risk of postoperative HE.
TIPS with 10 mm stents provides a lower TIPS dysfunction rate. However, 8 mm stents may be recommended for Asian patients, as they can decrease the risk of postoperative HE.Root caries is a growing problem for the worldwide aging population. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) contains high concentrations of silver and fluoride ions, which prevents and arrests root caries, as well as dentin caries in the primary teeth of young children. Unlike other fluoride products that mainly reduce the formation of new carious lesions, 38% SDF is an effective agent that can efficiently arrest the carious process, remineralize the decayed dental tissues, and protect the tooth structure against the formation of new caries lesions. The use of SDF can result in more caries-resistant tooth structures. Despite these merits, its clinical disadvantages are the deep penetration of silver ions and sequential formation of silver compounds, which cause esthetic concern due to the discoloration and impaired efficacy of dentin bonding after using SDF. Thus, this narrative review, by addressing the primary experimental results and clinical applications of SDF on root caries, proposes management methods for root caries in conjunction with the application of SDF. We propose a two-visit treatment protocol to take advantage of the SDF application for root surface caries and utilize the discoloration caused by SDF.
Bladder cancer (BC) is a commonly occurring malignant tumor of the urinary system, demonstrating high global morbidity and mortality rates. BC currently lacks widely accepted biomarkers and its predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) is still unsatisfactory. N6-methyladenosine (m
A) modification and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been shown to be effective prognostic and immunotherapeutic responsiveness biomarkers and contribute to PPPM for various tumors. However, their role in BC remains unclear.

m
A-related ncRNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs) were identified through a comprehensive analysis of TCGA, starBase, and m6A2Target databases. Using TCGA dataset (training set), univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analyses were performed to develop an m
A-related ncRNA-based prognostic risk model. Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival (OS) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to verify the prognostic evaluation power of the riskBased on this model, in addition to identifying high-risk patients early to provide them with focused attention and targeted prevention, we can also select beneficiaries of immunotherapy to deliver personalized medical services. Furthermore, the m
A-related ncRNAs could elucidate the molecular mechanisms of BC and lead to a new direction for the improvement of PPPM for BC.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00259-w.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00259-w.Inflammation is an essential pillar of the immune defense. On the other hand, chronic inflammation is considered a hallmark of cancer initiation and progression. Chronic inflammation demonstrates a potential to induce complex changes at molecular, cellular, and organ levels including but not restricted to the stagnation and impairment of healing processes, uncontrolled production of aggressive ROS/RNS, triggered DNA mutations and damage, compromised efficacy of the DNA repair machinery, significantly upregulated cytokine/chemokine release and associated patho-physiologic protein synthesis, activated signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, abnormal tissue remodeling, and created pre-metastatic niches, among others. The anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids demonstrate clinically relevant potential as preventive and therapeutic agents to improve individual outcomes in diseases linked to the low-grade systemic and chronic inflammation, including cancers. To this end, flavonoids are potent modulators of pro-inflammatory gene expression being, therefore, of great interest as agents selectively suppressing molecular targets within pro-inflammatory pathways. This paper provides in-depth analysis of anti-inflammatory properties of flavonoids, highlights corresponding mechanisms and targeted molecular pathways, and proposes potential treatment models for multi-level cancer prevention in the framework of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM / 3PM). To this end, individualized profiling and patient stratification are essential for implementing targeted anti-inflammatory approaches. Most prominent examples are presented for the proposed application of flavonoid-conducted anti-inflammatory treatments in overall cancer management.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00257-y.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00257-y.
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