Notes

Oxygen-Induced and also pH-Induced Household power Items in Intrusive Platinum/Iridium Electrodes for Electrocorticography.
Trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptors present in mammals in the brain and several peripheral organs. Apart from its olfactory role, TAAR5 is expressed in the major limbic brain areas and regulates brain serotonin functions and emotional behaviours. However, most of its functions remain undiscovered. Given the role of serotonin and limbic regions in some aspects of cognition, we used a temporal decision-making task to unveil a possible role of TAAR5 in cognitive processes. We found that TAAR5 knock-out mice showed a generally better performance due to a reduced number of errors and displayed a greater rate of improvement at the task than WT littermates. However, task-related parameters, such as time accuracy and uncertainty have not changed significantly. Overall, we show that TAAR5 modulates specific domains of cognition, highlighting a new role in brain physiology.Increasing evidence shows that smoking-obtained nicotine is indicated to improve cognition and mitigate certain symptoms of schizophrenia. In this study, we investigated whether chronic nicotine treatment alleviated MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive impairment in mice. Mice were injected with MK-801 (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.), and the behavioral deficits were assessed using prepulse inhibition (PPI) and T-maze tests. We showed that MK-801 caused cognitive impairment accompanied by increased expression of PDZ and LIM domain 5 (Pdlim5), an adaptor protein that is critically associated with schizophrenia, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Pretreatment with nicotine (0.2 mg · kg-1 · d-1, s.c., for 2 weeks) significantly ameliorated MK-801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive impairment by reversing the increased Pdlim5 expression levels in the PFC. In addition, pretreatment with nicotine prevented the MK-801-induced decrease in CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1), a coactivator of CREB that plays an important role in cognition. Furthermore, MK-801 neither induced schizophrenia-like behaviors nor decreased CRTC1 levels in the PFC of Pdlim5-/- mice. Overexpression of Pdlim5 in the PFC through intra-PFC infusion of an adreno-associated virus AAV-Pdlim5 induced significant schizophrenia-like symptoms and cognitive impairment. In conclusion, chronic nicotine treatment alleviates schizophrenia-induced memory deficits in mice by regulating Pdlim5 and CRTC1 expression in the PFC.Ovarian dysfunction is an important consequence of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT). Premature ovarian failure and infertility can severely impact the quality of life for the increasing number of female long-term survivors of HCT. Here, we review the impact of HCT on ovarian function, post-transplant fertility and birth outcomes, and the contemporaneous strategies to preserve fertility for these patients.The soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens, is a primary soybean pest that reduces crop productivity. This work examined control of C. includens populations with methanolic extract of Serjania erecta, a native Cerrado plant, while minimizing risks to pollinators, natural enemies and the environment. Serjania erecta specimens were collected, identified, and subjected to methanol extraction. Bioassays were performed using newly hatched and second-instar caterpillars and different extract concentrations on the diet surface to obtain IC50 values. Two replicates, containing 10 caterpillars, were established in triplicate. The IC50 values were 4.15 and 6.24 mg of extract mL-1 for first-instar and second-instar caterpillars, respectively. These growth inhibition results informed the extract concentrations assessed in subsequent development inhibition assays, in which the pupal weight was higher under the control than under the treatments. Extract treatments increased the duration of the larval, pupal and total development. The potential of different concentrations of S. erecta extract to inhibit the enzymes carboxylesterases was also evaluated. Carboxylesterases activity decreased by 41.96 and 43.43% at 7.8 and 15.6 μg mL-1 extract, respectively. At 31.3 μg mL-1 extract, enzymatic activity was not detected. Overall, S. erecta leaf methanolic extract showed inhibitory potential against carboxylesterases.The loose structure and low mechanical strength of the surface soil make it vulnerable to damage under erosion conditions. Slope ecological protection is one of the effective methods to improve the stability of slope soil. Although it has been proved that polymer modified materials can effectively improve the soil properties and the environmental protection effect of slope, so far, the improvement mechanism has not been fully understood, especially the chemical mechanism of the material on the enhancement of soil mechanical properties is not clear. In the present study, the effects of nano-aqueous adhesive (NAA) on unconfined compressive strength, shear strength and aggregate characteristics of soil were studied by a series of laboratory experiments. The results show that NAA can increase the strength, aggregate number and stability of the soil, to effectively improve the stability of surface soil. In addition, through infrared spectroscopy and SEM test, it was found that NAA molecules were mainly distributed in the interlayer position of flaky clay minerals, mainly connected with clay minerals through hydrogen bonds, thereby effectively enhancing the cohesion of soil particles.Design problems of finding efficient patterns, adaptation of complex molecules to external environments, affinity of molecules to specific targets, dynamic adaptive behavior of chemical systems, reconstruction of 3D structures from diffraction data are examples of difficult to solve optimal design or inverse search problems. Nature inspires evolution strategies to solve design problems that are based on selection of successful adaptations and heritable traits over generations. To exploit this strategy in the creation of new materials, a concept of adaptive chemistry was proposed to provide a route for synthesis of self-adapting molecules that can fit to their environment. We propose a computational method of an efficient exhaustive search exploiting massive parallelization on modern GPUs, which finds a solution for an inverse problem by solving repetitively a direct problem in the mean field approximation. One example is the search for a composition of a copolymer that allows the polymer to translocate througr be combined with machine learning or other optimization techniques to explore more efficiently the parameter space.
Endocrine specialty clinics (SCs) are occupied by a high percentage of stable follow-up patients, limiting access to new patients with greater needs.

Feasibility project to improve access to diabetes SC by reducing the number of stable optimally controlled follow-up type 2 diabetic patients.

M Health Fairview (MHFV), a hybrid network of University of Minnesota academic and Fairview Health community hospitals and clinics with affiliated providers.

A team-based lean methodology quality improvement graduation program including medical assistants, nurses, physicians, and a compact with primary care (PC) was used to identify within the Endocrine clinic population the graduation-eligible optimally controlled stable type 2 diabetic patients, acclimate them to the graduation concept, engage in shared decision-making, and transition them back to PC with a warm hand-off and graduation certificate.

Seventeen percent (58/341) of eligible patients with optimally controlled diabetes graduated by 6 months, ranging between 0 and 83% per week.

The innovation and feasibility of opening SC access through the use of a team-based graduation program to transfer stable diabetes patients back to their home clinic was demonstrated. This innovation has the potential to support health system triage of new patients to limited access specialty care.
The innovation and feasibility of opening SC access through the use of a team-based graduation program to transfer stable diabetes patients back to their home clinic was demonstrated. This innovation has the potential to support health system triage of new patients to limited access specialty care.
Physicians and nurses face high levels of burnout. The role of care teams may be protective against burnout and provide a potential target for future interventions.

To explore levels of burnout among physicians and nurses and differences in burnout between physicians and nurses, to understand physician and nurse perspectives of their healthcare teams, and to explore the association of the role of care teams and burnout.

A mixed methods study in two school of medicine affiliated teaching hospitals in an urban medical center in Baltimore, Maryland.

Participants included 724 physicians and 971 nurses providing direct clinical care to patients.

Measures included survey participant characteristics, a single-item burnout measure, and survey questions on care teams and provision of clinical care. Thematic analysis was used to analyze qualitative survey responses from physicians and nurses.

Forty-three percent of physicians and nurses screened positive for burnout. Physicians reported more isolation at woponses emphasized viewpoints on care teams, suggesting that better understanding care teams may provide insight into physician and nurse burnout.This review provides an update to the last mini-review with the same title pertaining to recent developments in bioleaching and biooxidation published in 2013 (Brierley and Brierley). In the intervening almost 10 years, microbial processes for sulfide minerals have seen increased acceptance and ongoing but also declining commercial application in copper, gold, nickel and cobalt production. These processes have been applied to heap and tank leaching, nowadays termed biomining, but increasing concerns about the social acceptance of mining has also seen the re-emergence of in situ leaching and quest for broader applicability beyond uranium and copper. Besides metal sulfide oxidation, mineral dissolution via reductive microbial activities has seen experimental application to laterite minerals. And as resources decline or costs for their exploitation rise, mine waste rock and tailings have become more attractive to consider as easily accessible resources. As an advantage, they have already been removed from the ground and in some cases contain ore grades exceeding that of those currently being mined. These factors promote concepts of circular economy and efficient use and valorization of waste materials. Hesperadin cell line KEY POINTS • Bioleaching of copper sulfide ore deposits is producing less copper today • Biooxidation of refractory gold ores is producing more gold than in the past • Available data suggest bioleaching and biooxidation processes reduce carbon emissions.The production of biopharmaceuticals relies on robust cell systems that can produce recombinant proteins at high levels and grow and survive in the stressful bioprocess environment. Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) as the main production hosts offer a variety of advantages including robust growth and survival in a bioprocess environment. Cell surface proteins are of special interest for the understanding of how CHO cells react to their environment while maintaining growth and survival phenotypes, since they enable cellular reactions to external stimuli and potentially initiate signaling pathways. To provide deeper insight into functions of this special cell surface sub-proteome, pathway enrichment analysis of the determined CHO surfaceome was conducted. Enrichment of growth/ survival-pathways such as the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT), and RAP1 pathways were observed, offering novel insights into how cell surface receptors and ligand-mediated signaling enable the cells to grow and survive in a bioprocess environment.
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