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Clinical implications of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in breast cancer have been explored to determine the impact of SNP in modulating the pathogenesis of breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the association between HER2 (rs2517956) and (IL-6) (rs1800795 and rs2069837) and clinicopathological characteristics in HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer in Tunisian women. A retrospective cohort study included 273 patients. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples, and genotyping of selected SNP was performed by PCR-RFLP assays. Statistical analysis was then carried out to assess genotypic frequencies and genetic association in relation to breast cancer subtypes. SHEsis software was applied to IL-6 haplotypic structure analysis. The distribution of genotype frequencies of rs2517956, rs1800795 and rs2069837 showed no statistically difference between HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. HER2 (rs2517956) was associated with tumor size (p = 0.01) and age at diagnosis (p = 0.02) in HER2-negative breast cancers, but no significant association was observed in HER2-positive breast cancer. For IL-6 gene, none of the clinicopathological parameters were associated with rs1800795 and rs2069837 in both breast cancer subtypes (p > 0.05). SHEsis analysis revealed a high linkage disequilibrium between rs1800795 and rs2069837; differences in the distribution of IL-6 two loci haplotypes were statistically negative between HER2-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer (p = 0.20) which confirmed no association with HER2 overexpression. DNA inhibitor This study demonstrates that rs2517956 is associated with clinicopathological characteristics in HER2-negative breast cancer, which could have a differential prognostic role compared to HER2-positive breast cancer.The metalloproteinase ADAM10 critically contributes to development, inflammation, and cancer and can be controlled by endogenous or synthetic inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that loss of proteolytic activity of ADAM10 by either inhibition or loss of function mutations induces removal of the protease from the cell surface and the whole cell. This process is temperature dependent, restricted to mature ADAM10, and associated with an increased internalization, lysosomal degradation, and release of mature ADAM10 in extracellular vesicles. Recovery from this depletion requires de novo synthesis. Functionally, this is reflected by loss and recovery of ADAM10 substrate shedding. Finally, ADAM10 inhibition in mice reduces systemic ADAM10 levels in different tissues. Thus, ADAM10 activity is critically required for its surface expression in vitro and in vivo. These findings are crucial for development of therapeutic ADAM10 inhibition strategies and may showcase a novel, physiologically relevant mechanism of protease removal due to activity loss.BACKGROUND Wilms' tumor (WT) affects one in 10,000 children and accounts for 5% of all childhood cancers. Although the overall relapse rate for children with WT has decreased to less than 15 %, the overall survival for patients with recurrent disease remains poor at approximately 50 %. The aim of the study to evaluate the outcome of relapsed Wilms' tumor pediatric patients treated at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Egypt, between January 2008 and December 2015. RESULTS One hundred thirty (130) patients diagnosed with WT during the study period, thirty (23%) patients had relapsed. The median follow up period was 22.3 months (range 3.6-140 months). The Overall Survival (OS) was 30.9% while the event-free survival (EFS) was 29.8% at a 5-year follow up period. Median time from diagnosis to relapse was 14.4 months. A second complete remission was attained in 18/30 patients (60%). The outcome of the 30 patients; 11 are alive and 19 had died. Three factors in our univariate analysis were prognostically significant for survival after relapse. The first was radiotherapy given after relapse (p = 0.012). The 5-year EFS and OS for the group that received radiotherapy were 41.9% versus 16.7% and 11.1% respectively for those that did not. The second was the state of lymph nodes among patients with local stage III (p = 0.004). Lastly, when risk stratification has been applied retrospectively on our study group, it proved to be statistically significant (p = 0.029). CONCLUSION Among relapsed pediatric WT, radiotherapy improved survival at the time of relapse and local stage III with positive lymph nodes had the worst survival among other stage III patients.BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) can modulate toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9) expression and activation. This study was conducted to elucidate the expression of TLR9 in AML patients and its relation to the prognosis of the disease. RESULTS The study included 40 newly diagnosed AML patients managed in the hospital in addition to 20 sex and age matched normal volunteers as control. TLR9 expression assay was conducted on peripheral blood samples of AML cases before the start of treatment as well as the controls by immunophenotyping. TLR9 expression was ranging from 0.10 to 2.40% in AML patients with higher expression among the control, ranging from 0.94 to 8.25%. The median TLR9 expression in AML patients was significantly lower with advanced cytogenetic risk score. It is not significantly differing in relation to patients' sex, age group, and FAB type of AML. However, significant lower median expression was found in relation to clinical outcome. TLR9 expression ≤ 1% showed lower median overall survival time when compared to those with > 1% expression. CONCLUSION This study concluded that AML patients express TLR9 in leukemic cells with very low percentage. This expression was negatively related to the clinical outcome.BACKGROUND Ameloblastoma is the commonest odontogenic tumour of epithelial origin with a high incidence for developing local recurrence. We present a patient who developed local recurrence in both soft tissue and bone graft 17 years after the initial presentation. CASE PRESENTATION A 75-year-old female with a previous history of right hemimandibulectomy and rib reconstruction for ameloblastoma in 1999 presented to our centre with a large cystic mouth floor swelling, biopsy from which revealed recurrent ameloblastoma. The patient underwent excision of the recurrent mass en bloc with the cystic swelling through oral and cervical approaches. The patient was discharged after 5 days with an uneventful postoperative course and with a free 2-year follow-up from further recurrence. CONCLUSION Ameloblastoma is a locally aggressive tumour for which wide local excision with adequate margins is the best management approach. Recurrence of ameloblastoma even after adequate resection is not uncommon, and its management is considered a surgical challenge.
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