Notes

How Stressful Can be Volunteer Work at a Crisis Line? An examination regarding Work- and Organization-Related Needs and the Connection Along with Distress and also Objective to go away.
Median survival time was 25.1 months. Actuarial survival rates were 100%, 60%, and 15% at the 12
, 24
, and 36
months after the procedure, respectively.

For patients with malignant airway compression induced by advanced lung cancer, implantation with
I seed is a safe and effective alternative treatment option.
For patients with malignant airway compression induced by advanced lung cancer, implantation with 125I seed is a safe and effective alternative treatment option.
Small lung metastases change their location with respiration, making difficult to localize, therefore, increasing the number of punctures. Accurate puncture can reduce trauma to lung tissue and accelerate patient's recovery. The aim of the study was to present our experience with the technique of using local anesthesia 5-ml syringe as a guide for computerized tomography-guided iodine-125 seed implantation (CT-ISI).

This was a retrospective study, including patients with small metastatic tumors in the lung, treated with CT-ISI between December 2013 and March 2018 at the Affiliated Hospital of the University. The patients were divided according to whether a 5-ml syringe was used as a guide during CT-ISI or not. The final follow-up was on March 31
, 2018. Implantation success and complications were examined.

Nineteen patients were included. A total of 840 seeds were used, with 44.2 ±33.6 (range, 10-160) seeds per patient. The mean D
for CT-ISI was 134.5 ±7.5 Gy. Treatment intervention for eleven patients was performed using a 5-ml syringe as a guide during CT-ISI. There were no differences in total dose and number of implanted seeds between the two groups, but the number of punctures per lesion was lower in the syringe group than in the no-syringe group (1.9 ±0.5 vs. 2.9 ±0.6,
< 0.001), suggesting a higher puncture accuracy. The total number of SMTIL was 50 (median, 2; range, 1-10), and the median size was 1.9 cm (range, 0.8-2.4 cm). All SMTIL were well-controlled at 6-months follow-up (response rate [RR] = 100%). One patient in the no-syringe group experienced grade 2 chest tightness, chest pain, intraoperative needle tract bleeding, and post-operative blood in sputum.

Puncture with a 5-ml syringe as a guide during CT-ISI seems to be a more accurate option for patients with small (< 2.5 cm) lung metastasis.
Puncture with a 5-ml syringe as a guide during CT-ISI seems to be a more accurate option for patients with small ( less then 2.5 cm) lung metastasis.
To explore the possibility of intraoperative transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-based dose verification in transperineal brachytherapy (BT) with iodine-125 (
I) seeds for prostate cancer.

Fifteen patients with prostate cancer were treated using BT with
I seeds. Post-implant TRUS and computed tomography (CT) images were imported into treatment planning system (TPS) for dosimetry. Dosimetry parameters, including minimum dose received by 90% of the volume (D
), percentage of the volume receiving 100% of prescribed dose (V
), and percentage of the volume receiving 200% of prescribed dose (V
) were calculated based on TRUS and CT images, separately. The D
value of TRUS-based dosimetry was transformed to its expected value. selleck compound Comparisons of the dosimetric parameters between post-operative verification and preoperative plans were made by paired
-test. One-way ANOVA model was used to assess the differences in preoperative plans. Agreements were evaluated between the preoperative planning and post-operative actual dose parameters using Bland-Altman analysis.

In total, 825 of
I seeds were implanted successfully in 15 patients. In TRUS-based dosimetry, 674 seeds (81%) were identified clearly in TRUS-based images, and the expected value of D
parameter showed no significant differences compared with the preoperative planning and CT post-operation results (
> 0.05). In CT-based dosimetry, 810 seeds (98%) were identified clearly in CT-based images, and there was good consistency of D
, V
, and V
values (
> 0.05). Post-implant CT-based dosimetry indicated that
I seed implantation had fulfilled the expected plan.

Intraoperative TRUS can be used for dosimetric verification of BT for prostate cancer.
Intraoperative TRUS can be used for dosimetric verification of BT for prostate cancer.
To compare post-implant dosimetrics between intraoperatively built custom-linked (IBCL) seeds and loose seeds (LS) at 24 hours and 1 month by sector analysis, and to evaluate the effect of IBCL seeds with regard to change in dosimetric parameters, in patients with prostate cancer treated with brachytherapy.

Consecutive patients treated for localized prostate cancer who received definitive brachytherapy between March 2013 and October 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Prostate V
(PV
), prostate D
(PD
), prostate V
(PV
), urethral D
(UD
), urethral V
(UV
), and rectal V
(RV
) were assessed.

Thirty-two patients were treated with LS and 32 patients were treated with IBCL seeds. The median follow-up time was 49.9 months in the LS group and 27.1 months in the IBCL group. PV
, UV
, and UD
at 24 hours and UD
at 1 month showed significant difference (
-test), and standard deviation (SD) tended to be lower in the IBCL group. Analysis of change in the variables revealed significance for Δst). The use of IBCL seeds significantly decreased PV150, UV150, and UD30, and significantly improved HI, without lowering PD90 or PD100.
To compare treatment plans and evaluate dosimetric characteristics of permanent cesium-131 (
Cs) vs. iodine-125 (
I) implants used in brain brachytherapy.

Twenty-four patients with
Cs implants from a prospective phase I/II trial were re-planned with
I implants. In order to evaluate the volume of brain tissue exposed to radiation therapy (RT), the dose volume histogram was generated for both radioisotopes. To evaluate the dosimetric differences of the two radioisotopes we compared homogeneity (HI) and conformity indices (CI), and dose covering 100% (D
), 90% (D
), 80% (D
), and 50% (D
) of the clinical target volume (CTV).

At the 100%, 90%, 80%, and 50% isodose lines, the
Cs plans exposed less mean volume of brain tissue than the
I plans (
< 0.001). The D
, D
, D
, and D
were smaller for
Cs (
< 0.001). The HI and CI for
Cs vs.
I were 19.71 vs. 29.04 and 1.31 vs. 1.92, respectively (
< 0.001).

Compared to
I,
Cs exposed smaller volumes of brain tissue to equiva% incidence of radiation necrosis (RN) in our previously published prospective study using 131Cs.
There is no current randomized data comparing the efficacy of brachytherapy and enucleation for patients with larger sized tumors. The purpose of the present study was to use a large, contemporary database to determine current practice patterns and compare survival outcomes between different management options for patients with choroidal melanoma of various sizes.

The National Cancer Database was queried (2004-2014) for histologically-confirmed choroidal melanoma for patients treated with brachytherapy versus enucleation. Chi-square test was used to compare categorized demographic and clinical variables in both arms. Kaplan-Meier analysis evaluated overall survival (OS). Cox proportional hazards assessment determined variables associated with OS. Patients were divided into cohorts representing small, medium, and large tumors. Propensity scores matching (PSM) was utilized to compare more similar cohorts.

A total of 7,096 patients met the selection criteria; 5,501 (78%) patients received brachytherapy andble treatment option for certain patients with large size tumors.
Patients selected for brachytherapy had improved survival compared to enucleation in all size cohorts. EOE and CBI are significantly higher in the enucleation cohort and are important negative prognosticators for survival selected against patients having brachytherapy. Brachytherapy is a reasonable treatment option for certain patients with large size tumors.The absence of accurate information on the state of waste is a challenge to the solid waste management system in Syria. The local authorities commonly estimate the quantity of waste produced and its characterisation, which is the starting point for solid waste management planning. So, this paper aims to evaluate the generation and composition of household solid waste in Homs city, Syria. Also, the study presents factors influencing the waste generation rate and the waste composition. The study was carried out in 300 families from four zones in Homs city, and three sampling stages were conducted during the study duration, which started in July 2017 and ended in February 2019. The outcomes show that an average of 0.68 kg/per/day solid waste generated was calculated for the entire study area in Homs city. Also, the data analysis presents that organic waste constitutes the largest component in the waste mixture (69.1%) followed by plastic (10.6%), inert materials (8.7%), paper (4.6%), textile (2.5%), metal (1.2%), glass (1.1%), wood (0.6%), and hazardous materials (1.6%). The multiple linear regression results showed that the adjusted R2 value was found to be 0.557, 0.839, and 0.709 for the waste generation per capita, the daily household organic waste generation, and the daily household packaging waste generation, respectively. Also, according to Pearson's coefficient values, a positive correlation was found between household waste generation and monthly income (r = 0.626), household size (r = 0.37), and age of the household head (r = 0.517), whereas a negative correlation was found between household waste generation and the education level of the household head (r = -0.649).Exposure to high concentrations of radon gas is the leading cause of lung cancer for nonsmokers according to the World Health Organization (WHO) figures. With poor ventilation standards and lack of awareness among Jordanians, constant monitoring of radon concentrations is vital. Multiple efforts have been made since the 1990s in order to create a national radon map of Jordan, by acquiring average values of radon concentrations in major Jordanian cities. This study aims to replicate those efforts using a more accurate and modern way of detection for the purpose of comparing the current values with literature values and to update the previous radon concentration map of Jordan. The study concludes that radon concentrations in Jordan have mostly increased in the past 30 years from an overall average of 52 Bq/m3 to an average of 60.4 Bq/m3. Despite the increase, these results are considered under the threat line that is estimated conventionally by most of the international environmental and radiation-related organizations, which is 100-300 Bq/m3. It should be noted that only the Russeifa city has scored a value higher than the estimated threat line. This is due to the existence of abundant phosphate mines filled with condensed radon levels leaking from these ores. It is expected that radon concentrations in Jordan will increase in the coming years with the continuous urban sprawl and lack of public awareness about the radon gas health issue. A number of suggestions have been proposed in this study that could help the Jordanian society avoid a future possible health threat.
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