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Quantitative serological assessment as being a important application inside the COVID-19 vaccine advertising campaign.
BACKGROUND Central nervous system (CNS) depressants like antipsychotics, opioids, benzodiazepines and zolpidem are frequently used by patients within a wide range of ages. Uncertainty remains about their effect in very old adults (>80 years old) and their potential for pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions in this population. OBJECTIVE Assess if the use of CNS depressants is associated with a higher risk of hospitalization due to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in very old patients. METHODS In this prospective study, 362 patients over 80 years old who had been consequently admitted to the general ward of a teaching hospital were examined. Each patient was assessed by our pharmacovigilance team within 24 hours of admission, to identify outpatient medication use and potential drug-drug interactions. RESULTS The overall use of CNS depressants as a group was not associated with a higher risk of admission due to CAP in very old patients (55% vs. 49%; OR=1.28 [0.76-2.16], p=0.34). However, use of antipsychotics was associated with a higher rate of admissions due to CAP in this population (OR=1.98 [1.10-3.57], p=0.02). No association was seen between opioids (p=0.27), zolpidem (p=0.83), or benzodiazepines (p=0.15) and the rate of admissions due to CAP in these patients. Moreover, pharmacodynamic or pharmacokinetic interactions leading to CNS depression were equally found in patients admitted for CAP and those admitted for other reasons. CONCLUSION The use of antipsychotics in the very old adults was associated with an increased risk of hospital admission due to CAP. NSC 125973 supplier This suggests that use of these medications in this population should be done with caution. No association was observed with opioids, benzodiazepines and zolpidem with the latter outcome. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Methotrexate (MTX) is a highly effective therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).However; it has been associated with a range of liver related adverse events. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of liver fibrosis in RA patients and to assess the correlation of cumulative MTX dose with hepatic fibrosis in our context. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross sectional study, whose goal is describing and analyzing the factors correlated with the liver fibrosis in RA patients treated with methotrexate especially the cumulative dose of MTX, all along the period lying between January 2012 and march 2019. The study was carried out in rheumatology department in the university hospital Hassan II of Fez. The patients have met the Assessment of the ACR 2010 criteria. The data was recorded and analyzed using SPSS v20 univariate and bivariate analysis. A value of p less then 0.05 has been used to identify factors associated with the liver fibrosis. RESULTS A total of 319 patieners; For any queries, please email at [email protected] & AIMS Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive cancer with few treatment options. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays a key role in innate immunity and may affect the development of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the association between TLR3 gene polymorphism and HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in Egypt. link2 METHODS This work was conducted on 70 individuals; fifty HCV cirrhotic patients were included in two groups; with HCC (30 patients) and without HCC (20 patients) in compared with a group of 20 apparently healthy controls. All of the studied individuals underwent clinico-laboratory evaluation. TLR3 gene single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (+1234C/T) was tested by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS This study reported that the prevalence of TLR3 +1234TT genotype was significantly increased in cirrhotic patients with HCC than without HCC, while it was not detected at all among the controls. When analyzing the TLR3 SNP +1234C/T with different clinical parameters in HCC patients, there were a significant association between+1234C/T SNP; namely TT genotype and each of the hepatic focal lesions᾽ number, size and the patients᾽ higher Okuda and BCLC stages. No association could be detected between TLR3 SNP and each of the age, sex, Child-Pugh grades, MELD score or AFP of the studied HCC cases. CONCLUSION TLR3 gene SN P +1234C/T could be a novel risk factor for the HCV-related HCC among the Egyptian population. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] To explore the role of miR-124 in depression and its potential targets. BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most common mental illnesses, and symptoms include depression, decreased interest, and severe cases with suicidal tendencies. OBJECTIVE As a brain-specific microRNA, the mechanism of miR-124 in depression has not been clarified. The present study aimed to explore the role of miR-124 in depression and its potential targets. METHODS The depression model was first replicated by the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) method. miR-124 antagomir was injected into the hippocampus of CUMS rats. Sucrose preference test (SPT), open-field test (OFT), elevated-plus maze (EPM), and forced swimming test (FST) were used to analyze the depression-like behavior. The content of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in hypothalamus was analyzed by ELISA. qRT-PCR and western blot assay were used to functional analysis. RESULTS miR-124 expression was up-regulated in the hippocampus of Camscience.net.The interest in biological peptides from Arthrospira sp. (syn Spirulina) is increasing due to its GRAS status, the high concentration of proteins and the history of its use as a supplement and nutraceutical agent. Arthrospira peptides can be generated by controlled hydrolysis of the proteins, using proteases, followed by fractionation. The peptides obtained have a range of therapeutic effects. Amongst these bioactive peptides, three classes are of major importance the antihypertensive (AHP), antimicrobial (AMP) and anticancer (ACP) peptides. AHPs have the ability to work as inhibitors of ACE, the angiotensin-converting enzyme, and help to control several diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular issues. AMPs play a crucial role in the immune response, inhibiting the development of pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and others. ACPs can aid in tumor control by induction of apoptosis, necrosis, or inhibition of the angiogenesis. Thus, bioactive peptides are of great significance to the pharmaceutical industry. However, they can show secondary effects. This paper reviews the inhibition mechanism of antimicrobial, hypertensive and anticancer peptides from Arthrospira sp., and the possible structures of the peptides according to the type of activity and its intensity. In addition, this paper describes the purification methods, absorption mechanisms, and reviews databases for designing peptides. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] Corneal neovascularization (CN) is a clue feature of different ocular pathological conditions and can lead to corneal edema and opacification with subsequent vision loss. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a key role in new vessels formation, proliferation and migration, was found to be up-regulated in these conditions. Nowadays, it is possible to down-regulate the angiogenic process by using anti-VEGF agents administered through different routes. OBJECTIVE To evaluate efficacy, safety and possible future directions of anti-VEGF agents used for the treatment of CN owing to different aetiologies. METHODS A computerized search of articles dealing with the topic of anti-VEGF therapy in CN was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Medline electronic databases. The following key phrases were used anti-VEGF agents, corneal neovascularization, bevacizumab, ranibizumab, vascular endothelial grow factor, angiogenesis. RESULTS The use of anti-VEGF therapy in the treatment of CN reduced pathological vessels density without causing significant side effects. Various administration routes such as topic, subconjunctival and intrastromal ones are available, and the choice depends on patient and disease characteristics. Higher effectiveness is achieved in case of early administration, before mature and well-established vessels take place. In severe or recurrent cases, multiple cycles of anti-VEGF agents can be required in order to obtain and maintain the regression of CN. CONCLUSION The efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF agents support their adoption into the daily clinical practice for the management of CN. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] AND OBJECTIVE In the last decades, cancer has become a major problem in public health all around the globe. Chimeric chemical structures have been established as an important trend on medicinal chemistry in the last years. Thiazacridines are hybrid molecules composed of a thiazolidine and acridine nucleus, both pharmacophores that act on important biological targets for cancer. By the fact it is a serious disease, seven new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized, characterized, analyzed by computer simulation and tested in tumor cells. In order to find out if the compounds have therapeutic potential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven new 3-acridin-9-ylmethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized through Michael addition and Knoevenagel condensation strategies. Characterization was performed by NMR and Infrared spectroscopy techniques. Regarding biological activity, thiazacridines were tested against solid and hematopoietic tumoral cell lines, namely Jurkat (acute r due the presence of chlorine favored hydrogen bonds with topoisomerase 1. CONCLUSION The 3-(acridin-9-ylmethyl)-5-((10-chloroanthracen-9-yl)methylene)thiazolidine-2,4-dione (LPSF/AA-62) presented the most promising results, showing anti-tumor activity in 5 of the 6 cell types tested, especially inhibiting the formation of colonies of prostate tumor cells (DU-145). Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at [email protected] and Demolition Waste (CDW) has recently received significant attention in the most developing countries, such as Iran. Since CDW generation is unavoidable, so development and implementation of an appropriate CDW management is widely recognized as an essential need. Different alternatives in CDW management have been proposed and implemented currently. In this study, a novel framework was established based on the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process approach in order to assess different CDW management alternatives in Tehran, Iran. link3 Proposed alternatives (including landfilling, recycling, reusing, and reduction) were investigated with respect to 16 different individual criteria. The criteria were divided into four different groups, namely environmental, social, technical, economic. A database in this study was established through a questionnaire survey. The relative significance of alternatives with respect to each criterion was assessed. The obtained results revealed that reduction has the highest and landfilling has the lowest priorities.
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