Notes

Technically effective concentration and also likelihood of hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus : Walking a thin line.
The feasibility of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with involved field radiotherapy (IFRT) for Japanese patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) remains unclear. Here we reviewed our initial experience of IMRT with IFRT for Japanese patients with LA-NSCLC to evaluate the feasibility of the treatment. Twenty LA-NSCLC patients who were treated with IMRT with IFRT during November 2019 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received 60 Gy in 30 fractions of IMRT and were administered concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy. The median patient age was 71 years old and the group included 15 men and 5 women. The patient group included 2 patients with stage IIB, 11 patients with stage IIIA, 5 patients with stage IIIB, and 2 patients with stage IIIC disease. Histological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma in 14 patients, adenocarcinoma in 5 patients, and non-small cell lung cancer in 1 patient. The median follow-up period was 8 months. The incidence of grade 3 or greater pneumonitis was 5%, and grade 3 or greater esophagitis was not observed. None of the patients developed regional lymph node, with only recurrence reported so far. These findings indicate that IMRT with IFRT for Japanese patients with LA-NSCLC is feasible in terms of acute toxicity. Further study with a larger number of patients and longer follow-up to clarify the effect of treatment on patient prognosis is required.
Colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease with diverse prognoses between left-sided and right-sided patients; therefore, it is necessary to precisely evaluate the survival probability of side-specific colorectal cancer patients. Here, we collected multi-omics data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program, including gene expression, DNA methylation, and microRNA (miRNA) expression. Specificity measure (SPM) and robust likelihood-based survival analysis were used to identify 6 left-sided and 28 right-sided prognostic biomarkers. Compared to the performance of clinical prognostic models, the addition of these biomarkers could significantly improve the discriminatory ability and calibration in predicting side-specific 5-year survival for colorectal cancer. Additional dataset derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used to validate the prognostic value of side-specific genes. Finally, we constructed colorectal cancer side-specific molecular database (CoSMeD), a user-friendly interface for estimating side-specific colorectal cancer 5-year survival probability, which can lay the basis for personalized management of left-sided and right-sided colorectal cancer patients.

CoSMeD is freely available at https//mulongdu.shinyapps.io/cosmed.

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.The SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617 variant emerged in the Indian state of Maharashtra in late 2020. There have been fears that two key mutations seen in the receptor binding domain L452R and E484Q would have additive effects on evasion of neutralising antibodies. We report that spike bearing L452R and E484Q confers modestly reduced sensitivity to BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine-elicited antibodies following either first or second dose. The effect is similar in magnitude to the loss of sensitivity conferred by L452R or E484Q alone. These data demonstrate reduced sensitivity to vaccine elicited neutralising antibodies by L452R and E484Q but lack of synergistic loss of sensitivity.Although interim results from several large placebo-controlled phase 3 trials demonstrated high vaccine efficacy (VE) against symptomatic COVID-19, it is unknown how effective the vaccines are in preventing people from becoming asymptomatically in- fected and potentially spreading the virus unwittingly. It is more difficult to evaluate VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection than against symptomatic COVID-19 because infection is not observed directly but rather is known to occur between two antibody or RT-PCR tests. Ad- ditional challenges arise as community transmission changes over time and as participants are vaccinated on different dates because of staggered enrollment of participants or crossover of placebo recipients to the vaccine arm before the end of the study. Here, we provide valid and efficient statistical methods for estimating potentially waning VE against SARS-CoV-2 infection with blood or nasal samples under time-varying community transmission, stag- gered enrollment, and blinded or unblinded crossover. We demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed methods through numerical studies mimicking the BNT162b2 phase 3 trial and the Prevent COVID U study. In addition, we assess how crossover and the frequency of diagnostic tests affect the precision of VE estimates.Calculation of the biological effective dose (BED) of a fractionated course of hadron particle radiation (e.g., protons or carbon ions) administered via a spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) to a population of cells with heterogeneous radiosensitivity is described. The calculated BED has the important property that, if equal to that of a course of photon radiation, the particle course will result in the same fraction of cells of the exposed population that survive and can be expected to have the same clinical effect. The calculated BED provides a way to relate the effect of a planned treatment course with particle radiation to clinical experience of the effects of treatment with low-LET photon radiation.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography-Computerised Tomography (PET) is now established as the gold-standard imaging modality for both staging and response assessment of follicular lymphoma (FL). Deucravacitinib order In this Perspective, we propose where PET can, and cannot, guide clinicians in their therapeutic approach. PET at diagnosis/pre-treatment is important for staging, with greater sensitivity compared to standard CT and consequent improved outcomes in truly limited stage FL. Small datasets suggesting a high baseline SUVmax identifies de-novo histologic transformation (HT) are not corroborated by data from GALLIUM, the largest prospective study using modern therapies for FL. Nonetheless, the role of baseline quantitative PET measures requires further clarification. The median survival of patients with newly diagnosed FL is now potentially beyond 20 years. Treatment of symptomatic FL aims to achieve remission and optimise quality of life for as long as possible, with many patients achieving a "functional cure" at the cost of unwanted treatment effects.
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