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Sevelamer Attenuates Bioprosthetic Cardiovascular Valve Calcification.
e. lower GRS). Moreover, there is a multiplicative interaction between serum Se and GRS for the risk of oral cancer (P= 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that serum Se levels may be significantly associated with oral cancer risk, yet the association may be modified by the effects of selenoprotein genes variants. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.OBJECTIVES Intrathecal drug delivery is used for the treatment of intractable spasticity, dystonia, and pain. When the symptomatology fails to respond to therapy, the cause could be failure of the medication infusion. The purpose of this study is to assess pump catheter access port (CAP)-myelography and CAP-CT-myelography as advanced imaging methods in treatment failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed observational routinely collected data of 70 CAP procedures with 2D/3D reconstructions and additional imaging of 53 adult patients where the cause of treatment was unclear between November 2013 and November 2018. CAP-myelography and CAP-CT myelography were performed with postprocessing 2D/3D reconstructions. When myelography could not be obtained or when the result did not reveal the cause of the treatment failure, additional procedures, such as noncontrast CT, MRI, lumbar puncture CT, and 111Indium-DTPA SPECT-CT, were performed. RESULTS CAP fluid aspiration prior to contrast medium injection was not possiblep in the diagnostic algorithm for cases involving ITDD failure. © 2020 The Authors. Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Neuromodulation Society.Tropical peat-swamp forests are globally important carbon stores under threat. In Southeast Asia, 35% of peatlands had been drained and converted to plantations by 2010, and much of the remaining forest had been logged, contributing significantly to global carbon emissions. Yet tropical forests have the capacity to regain biomass quickly and forests on drained peatlands may grow faster in response to soil aeration, so the net effect of humans on forest biomass remains poorly understood. In this study, two lidar surveys (made in 2011 and 2014) are compared to map forest biomass dynamics across 96 km2 of peat-swamp forest in Kalimantan, Indonesia. The peatland is now legally protected for conservation, but large expanses were logged under concessions until 1998 and illegal logging continues in accessible portions. It was hypothesised that historically logged areas would be recovering biomass while recently logged areas would be losing biomass. We found that historically logged forests were recovering biomass near old canals and railways used by the concessions. Lidar detected substantial illegal logging activity - 579 kilometres of logging canals were located beneath the canopy. Some patches close to these canals has been logged in the 2011-2104 period (i.e. substantial biomass loss) but, on aggregate, these illegally logged regions were also recovering. Unexpectedly, rapid growth was also observed in intact forest that had not been logged and was over a kilometre from the nearest known canal, perhaps in response to greater aeration of surface peat. Comparing these results with flux measurements taken at other nearby sites, we find that carbon sequestration in aboveground biomass may have offset roughly half the carbon efflux from peat oxidation. Staurosporine order This study demonstrates the power of repeat-survey lidar to map fine-scale forest dynamics in remote areas, revealing previously unrecognized impacts of anthropogenic global change. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Proteomic-based technologies offer new opportunities to identify proteins that might reflect the cardiometabolic stress caused by different aspects of sleep-disordered breathing. We aimed to investigate whether severe obstructive sleep apnea and severe obstructive sleep apnea during rapid eye movement sleep are associated with changed levels of inflammatory and cardiac disease-related proteins in a population-based cohort of women. In the community-based "Sleep and Health in Women" (SHE) cohort study, 400 women underwent polysomnography, anthropometric measurements and blood sampling. Two proteomic assays (Olink Proseek® Inflammation panel and Olink Proseek® Cardiovascular II panel), each measuring 92 proteins, were analysed in a subsample of 253 women. p-Values were adjusted for multiple testing, with false discovery rate set at 10%. In unadjusted models, 57 proteins were associated with apnea-hypopnea index, 56 proteins with oxygen desaturation index and 64 proteins with rapid eye movement-apnea-hypopnea in of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.BACKGROUND Toceranib phosphate (TOC) could be made widely available for treating tumors in dogs if evidence shows that TOC inhibits recurrence after surgery. OBJECTIVES To investigate how postoperative adjuvant treatment with TOC modulates the tumor microenvironment (TME), by assessing effects on angiogenic activity, tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs), and intratumoral hypoxia. ANIMALS Ninety-two client-owned dogs were included 28 with apocrine gland anal sac adenocarcinoma, 24 with small intestinal adenocarcinoma, 22 with lung adenocarcinoma, and 18 with renal cell carcinoma. METHODS Retrospective, multicenter study comparing time to progression (TTP) between 42 dogs treated by surgery and TOC and 50 dogs treated by surgery alone. Differences were analyzed in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR2) and the number of Foxp3+ Tregs and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α+ cells in tumor tissues sampled at the first and second (recurrence) surgeries. RESULTS Median TTP for dogs treated by surgery and TOC (360 days) was higher than that for dogs treated by surgery alone (298 days; hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65-0.96; P = .02). In dogs treated by surgery and TOC, VEGFR2 expression and the number of Tregs and HIF-1α+ cells were significantly lower in tissues sampled at the second surgery than in those sampled after the first surgery. In dogs treated by surgery alone, significant differences were found between samples from the 2 surgeries. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Toceranib phosphate could prove to be a useful postoperative adjuvant treatment because of its modulation of the TME. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.The overall number of international adoptions has dropped in the last 20 years, but a relative increase in the proportion of these children with special and surgical needs has occurred. Cleft lip/palate and anorectal malformations are two common surgical pathologies for internationally adopted children. Internationally adopted children with cleft lip/palate have high rates of speech impairment and frequent need for reoperation, and children with anorectal malformation commonly need multiple reoperations. For both groups, surgery prior to adoption may have actually contributed to morbidity. Both speech impairment and anorectal malformation negatively affect quality of life, independent of adoption. Additionally, internationally adopted children frequently have experienced trauma, single or complex, and institutionalization. Each of these can independently contribute to impaired psychosocial and behavioral development. These children face surgery, sometimes multiple surgeries, while adapting to a new culture, learning a new language, and bonding with a new family. The impact of prior medical experiences without the presence of a caregiver and/or while institutionalized is understudied. The surgical experience and perioperative outcomes within this population warrant research, and clinical coordination between teams may help improve care for this uniquely vulnerable population. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND To determine the correlation between the accuracy (Z-value) of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) results for sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA) in routine clinical practice. METHODS Among a cohort of 12505 pregnant females, maternal plasma samples collected from our hospital was utilized for SCA analysis through NIPT detection. The positive samples were validated through invasive procedure and karyotyping analysis. The predictive value from positive samples in sex chromosomes is compared in order to analyze the accuracy of Z-value. RESULTS There were 65 females with sex chromosome abnormalities within 12,505 pregnant females in NIPT detection, which was validated through karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid puncture through sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis, with 18 true-positive samples. The true-positive results with 45,X, 47,XXY, 47,XXX, and 47,XYY karyotypes predicted by NIPT were 14.29%, 50.00%, 66.67%, and 71.43%, respectively. Among sex chromosome cases, the findings indicated that positive NIPT results with Z ≥ 9 show a higher accuracy. CONCLUSIONS The findings illustrated that the positive predictive value of NIPT for sex chromosome abnormalities is distinctive. The positive predictive value was highest for 47, XYY and lowest for 45,X. Additionally, the Z-value results are considered to be correlated with the accuracy of NIPT although further studies need to be made. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND Adenovirus (AdV) is increasingly recognized as a threat to successful outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Guidelines have been developed to inform AdV screening and treatment practices, but the extent to which they are followed in clinical practice in the United States is still unknown. The incidence of AdV in the United States is also not well documented. The main objectives of the AdVance US study were thus to characterize current AdV screening and treatment practices in the United States and to estimate the incidence of AdV infection in allo-HCT recipients across multiple pediatric and adult transplant centers. METHODS Fifteen pediatric centers and 6 adult centers completed a practice patterns survey, and 15 pediatric centers and four adult centers completed an incidence survey. RESULTS The practice patterns survey results confirm that pediatric transplant centers are more likely than adult centers to routinely screen for AdV, and are also more likely to haveric and adult allo-HCT recipients. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND AND AIMS The construct of susceptibility to substance use initiation (i.e., cognitive proclivity to future use) is critical for prevention efforts in adolescent populations. This study aimed to provide empirical evidence for the validity of the susceptibility construct for different cannabis products (i.e., combustible, edible, or vaporized cannabis), and evaluate whether susceptibility measures are predictive of subsequent initiation. DESIGN Prospective cohort study including baseline data (Spring 2015) and four follow-up surveys administered every 6 months through spring 2017. SETTING Ten schools in the Los Angeles, California metropolitan area PARTICIPANTS Adolescents (N=2,100; Mean age = 16.1; SD = .41; 54% female) who reported never having used any cannabis product at baseline. MEASUREMENTS We assessed five indices of a susceptibility to use cannabis composite index at baseline, adapted from a validated tobacco use index (intention to use, willingness, curiosity, and positive/negative cannabis use outcome expectancies, with four response categories, definitely not [1] to definitely yes [4]), by cannabis product (combustible, edible, or vaporized).
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