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Given the low incidence of perioperative DVT, routine pharmacologic prophylaxis for children with cancer undergoing surgery does not seem warranted.

II.
II.The paper presents the first classical internal model control (IMC) design in the context of railway carbody roll control. We propose a simple control approach for a recent hydraulically actuated vehicle body roll concept that offers limited carbody roll. The IMC approach addresses both preview- and nulling-type tilt setups, highlighting related benefits and limitations. The design provides a model simplification process that facilitates PI and PID-type control structures without the need for complex optimization. A simple, yet practical, tool for the industrial rail rolling stock engineer in vehicle control design is offered. Vehicle roll performance is rigorously studied on the deterministic (curving acceleration response) and stochastic (ride quality) trade off. Simulations are performed on an in-house multibody dynamics software package employing a realistic nonlinear railway vehicle model and allow to appropriately assess the performance of preview and nulling type tilt performance. The results obtained confirm that preview tilt control offers the better tilt performance as it utilizes a tilt command reference, and highlighted that nulling-type tilt performance remains at a relatively comparable level with the former.Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease defined by the World Health Organization as a global priority. Extrapulmonary forms include lymph nodal, pleural and urogenital disease (FGTB), which generally affect patients between 20 and 40 years of age, and is rare in postmenopausal women. Its presentation can mimic carcinomatosis due to advanced ovarian and/or endometrial cancer. Non-diagnosis can lead to inappropriate treatment, notably surgical procedures, instead of the standard medical anti-TB chemotherapy.
The study aimed to evaluate the degree of menopausal hormonal therapy (MHT) use and the related trends, as well as the characteristics of Korean women who used MHT by type of hormone therapy.

Women aged ≥40 years were selected using data from the Korea National Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort 2002-2013 database. MHT entailed either estrogen therapy or estrogen plus progestogen therapy, as categorized by the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical system. The prevalence of MHT use was calculated as the number of women with prescriptions annually and the level of hormone consumption was calculated using the defined daily dose (DDD).

The proportion of MHT users among women aged ≥40 years was 7.8 % in 2002, which decreased to 6.3 % in 2013. The overall MHT consumption level in 2002 was 27.5 DDDs/1000 inhabitants/day. There was a sharp decline in the first few years after 2002 and this value decreased to 12.5 DID in 2013; however, the decrease had lessened from 2006 to 2013 and differed by HT type, administration route, age, and income level. During the 11-year follow-up, over 70 % of women were prescribed MHT for less than 1 year, while only 11.8 % had a prescription for 3 years or more, and women who started treatment at age 45-59 years showed longer treatment duration.

Since 2002, MHT use among Korean women, especially overall MHT consumption, has declined remarkably. Regarding the pattern of use among women who took hormone preparations during 2002-2013, MHT was used around menopause, over the short term only, and at low dose.
Since 2002, MHT use among Korean women, especially overall MHT consumption, has declined remarkably. Regarding the pattern of use among women who took hormone preparations during 2002-2013, MHT was used around menopause, over the short term only, and at low dose.
Physical activity (PA) has the potential to attenuate cardiovascular disease risk in midlife women through multiple pathways, including improving lipid profiles. Longitudinal patterns of PA and blood lipid levels have not been studied in midlife women. Apabetalone molecular weight Our study identified trajectories of PA and blood lipids across midlife and characterized the associations between these trajectories.

We evaluated 2,789 participants from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN), a longitudinal cohort study with follow-up over the menopause transition. Women reported PA using the Kaiser Physical Activity Survey at seven study visits across 17 years of follow-up. Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured at eight study visits across the same 17-year follow-up period. We used group-based trajectory models to characterize trajectories of PA and blood lipids over midlife and dual trajectory models to determine the association betweenerol, and low triglycerides. Despite the absence of an association between long-term trajectories of PA and blood lipids in this study, a large body of evidence has established the importance of clinical and public health messaging and interventions targeted at midlife women to promote regular and sustained PA during midlife to achieve other cardiovascular and metabolic benefits.
The most frequently observed trajectories across midlife were characterized by low physical activity, low HDL cholesterol, moderate LDL cholesterol, and low triglycerides. Despite the absence of an association between long-term trajectories of PA and blood lipids in this study, a large body of evidence has established the importance of clinical and public health messaging and interventions targeted at midlife women to promote regular and sustained PA during midlife to achieve other cardiovascular and metabolic benefits.
To determine and compare the effects of an unsupervised behavioral and pelvic floor muscle training (B-PFMT) program delivered in two formats on nocturia, urinary urgency, and urinary frequency in postmenopausal women.

A secondary analysis used data collected from women enrolled in the TULIP study. Women aged 55 years or more with no urinary incontinence were provided the B-PFMT program. Each woman was randomly assigned to a face-to-face class that took about 2 h (2-hrClass) or to a DVD showing essentially the same information as a 20-minute video (20-minVideo). All women were instructed to independently continue the program following their education session. Three urinary outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3, 12, and 24 months.

Nocturia and urinary urgency were examined with one item each from the questionnaire-based voiding diary, and urinary frequency was assessed with patients' self-documenting 3-day bladder diary.

Women in the 2-hrClass group experienced significantly fewer nocturia episodes and longer average inter-void interval at each follow-up and fewer urinary urgency episodes at 12 months.
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