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Amyloid β Oligomers Disrupt Blood-CSF Barrier Strength by simply Triggering Matrix Metalloproteinases.
On January 1st, 2019, one male patient, aged 55 years, with chronic ulcer in right lower extremity was admitted to Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital. After admission, ulcer debridement and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) surgery was performed in lower right extremity. Two pieces of bone-like tissue was removed from the lateral space between the Achilles tendon and fibula in the right leg, which was confirmed as ossification tissue by histopathological sections after surgery. The wounds were treated with VSD technique and dressing changes. On the 49th day after surgery, split-thickness skin graft was taken from the lateral left thigh and grafted to the wound area, which was then treated with VSD. The skin graft of patient survived well. The wound healed completely and the patient was discharged from hospital on day 77 post hospitalization. This case suggests that the patients with chronic ulcer should complete all related examinations in time, and improving the blood circulation of the wound and clearing the ectopic ossification in the wound are critical for wound healing.December 22, 2018, a pair of female baby twins aged 2 years with severe burns at the same time were transferred from the primary hospital to the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region on day 17 post burn. Physical examination on admission showed that both of them had severe burns on head, face, left upper limb, foot, etc. The blood preparations were difficult for them due to their rare blood types, with the elder sister of type B blood combined with Rh D mutant and the younger sister of type B combined with Rh negative blood. The total area of burn of the younger sister was 15% total body surface area (TBSA), with full-thickness burns with tendon and bone exposure in left ear and most of the ear auricle fallen off. The younger sister was treated with anti-infection, anti-shock by fluid infusion, and nutritional support. Split-thickness skin graft on left thigh was harvested to repair wound on left upper limb, and thin medium-thickness skin graft was harvested from right thigh in different operaization respectively. During follow-up of 6 months, the effect of the operation was good.From January 2014 to June 2018, 12 patients with skin and soft tissue defects in shoulder and elbow were admitted to General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University with skin and soft tissue defect size of 6 cm×5 cm to 11 cm×8 cm, including 9 males and 3 females aged 15-56 years. Wounds of 5 patients were repaired with rotator scapular artery perforator flap (flap area of 8 cm×7 cm to 12 cm×6 cm), and the donor flap area was sutured directly. Wounds of 3 patients were repaired with lateral thoracic perforator flap (flap area of 8 cm×7 cm to 13 cm×9 cm). The donor flap area of two patients was sutured directly, the majority of the donor flap area of one patient was sutured directly, and a small part was covered by split-thickness skin graft from ipsilateral thigh. Wounds of 4 patients were repaired with medial brachial artery perforator flap (flap area of 6 cm×5 cm to 12 cm×10 cm). The donor flap area of two patients was sutured directly, and two patients were covered with split-thickness skin graft from left chest wall. The flaps of 11 patients survived after surgery. Blood flow disorder at the distal end of the flap was observed in one patient. After treatment, the distal end of the flap presented 3 cm×2 cm necrosis, and the skin graft survived after second skin grafting and debridement. During the follow-up of 6 to 24 months post surgery, all patients had good texture of flap, with light scar hyperplasia in the donor flap area, and good recovery of elbow and shoulder joint function. The rotator scapular artery perforator flap, lateral thoracic perforator flap, and medial brachial artery perforator flap with the advantages being of relatively simple operation, high survival rate, and good surgical outcome, are good choices for repairing the skin and soft tissue defects in shoulder and elbow.Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of 801 inpatients with chronic wounds. Methods The medical records of patients with chronic wounds who were admitted to the General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLA (hereinafter referred to as the author's unit) from January 2013 to December 2017, including gender, occupation, wound type, age, department distribution, recovery status, recovery time, hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, treatment method, clinical outcome, and medical expenses were retrospectively analyzed. Data were statistically analyzed with chi-square test, Fisher's exact probability test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results Of 245 037 inpatients admitted to the author's unit within 5 years, 801 (3.3‰) patients with chronic wounds met the inclusion criteria. The composition ratio of chronic wound patients during the 5 years was 2.4‰ (106/44 230)-3.9‰ (191/49 342). Among chronic wound patients, there were 527 males and 274 females, with manual labor, retired, and unemployed p is necessary to strengthen the public knowledge about chronic wounds and improve the awareness of prevention and treatment.Objective To observe the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinine (PQQ) on the mitochondrial function and cell survival of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under oxidative stress, and to explore its mechanism. Methods BMSCs of rats were cultured in vitro with Dulbecco's minimum essential medium/F12 medium containing fetal bovine serum in the volume fraction of 10% (hereinafter referred to as normal medium). The rat BMSCs of third to fifth passages in logarithmic growth phase were selected for the following experiments. (1) The cells were divided into normal control group, normal control+ PQQ group, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) alone group, and H(2)O(2)+ PQQ group. The cells in normal control group were cultured in normal medium for 24 hours; the cells in normal control+ PQQ group were cultured in normal medium containing 100 μmol/L PQQ for 24 hours; the cells in H(2)O(2) alone group were cultured in normal medium containing 200 μmol/L H(2)O(2) for 24 hours; the cells in H(2)O(2)+ PQQ group were pre-iaved caspase-3 protein level.Objective To explore the influence of inhalation injury on fluid resuscitation of massive burn patients during shock stage. Methods A total of 74 massive burn patients (65 males and 9 females, aged 21 to 65 years) admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University (n=57) and Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital (n=17) from May 2009 to December 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Patients were divided into inhalation injury group (n=56) and non-inhalation injury group (n=18) based on clinical symptoms, vital signs, and results of bronchofibroscopy. Then 26 patients in inhalation injury group and 13 patients in non-inhalation injury group were 1∶2 matched by case-control matching based on the difference of total burn surface area. The total fluid replacement coefficient, crystalloid replacement coefficient, colloid replacement coefficient, glucose input volume, ratio of crystalloid to colloid, urine volume, and cumulative ratio of input to output volume during the first 24 h post injury, the second 24 h post injury, and the third 24 h post injury, heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and hematocrit (HCT) at post injury hour (PIH) 24, 48, and 72 were recorded and compared between the two groups. Data were statistically analyzed with analysis of variance for repeated measurement and Bonferroni correction, t test, Fisher's exact probability test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results (1) After matching, during the first to third 24 h post injury, the total fluid replacement coefficient and glucose input volume of patients in inhalation injury group were significantly higher than those in non-inhalation injury group (F=4.202, 10.671, P0.05). Conclusions The presence of inhalation injury can lead to increased fluid requirement in massive burn patients during shock stage. An appropriate increase of fluid volume in the fluid resuscitation of burn patients combined with inhalation injury would be beneficial for maintaining ideal urine output.Objective To explore the clinical effect of pre-expanded deltopectoral flap in the repair of faciocervical lesion and defect. Methods From July 2004 to August 2018, 355 patients with faciocervical lesion and defect were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, including 200 males and 155 females aged 4 to 48 years with major conditions including thermal burn scars, and type Ⅲ and Ⅳ facial-cervical deformities. IC-83 During the stage Ⅰ skin soft tissue expander implantation surgery, according to the size and location of lesion and defect, expanders with appropriate volume were placed to expand the deltopectoral area. During the stage Ⅱ flap pedicled transposition surgery, after the expander was expanded to the desired volume, the impairment tissue was removed, the flap was designed according to the size of the defect (the unilateral defect area was 7 cm×5 cm to 17 cm×16 cm) and pedicled transposition was carried out. The incision in the chest donor area was directly sutured and clos to 120 months, the elasticity, texture, and color of the flaps of patients were similar to the surrounding tissue of the recipient area, and the face and neck were symmetrical, not bloated. Conclusions The deltopectoral flap obtained by overexpansion has a larger area and a thinner thickness, and the elasticity, texture, and color are similar to the surrounding tissue of the recipient area. After transfer, a stable appearance of the face and neck can be obtained. The main complications are infection and expander exposure, most of which occurred after stage Ⅰ skin soft tissue expander implantation surgery.Objective To explore the effect of combined application of pulsed dye laser (PDL) and ultra-pulsed fractional carbon dioxide laser (UFCL) in the treatment of pediatric large burn scars at early stage. Methods One hundred and twenty pediatric patients with large burn scars at early stage conforming to the study criteria were admitted to the People's Hospital of Hunan Province from January 2016 to December 2019. Their data were retrospectively analyzed by the method of single case-control study. There were 78 males and 42 females with age of (4.2±0.8) years and scar area of (100.3±0.7) cm(2). PDL combined with UFCL was used for the first time. The treatment interval of PDL was a month and the treatment interval of UFCL was 3 months. The total treatment cycle was 6 months, with 2 PDL treatments alone and two combined treatments. Before the first combined treatment and 6 months after two combined treatments, the curative effect was assessed using Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale (POSAS) by doctors and fcan alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of pediatric patients' life, and is worthy to be popularized and applied in clinic.Objective To investigate the expressions and effects of autophagy-related genes in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis of mice. Methods (1) Totally 72 male BALB/c mice aged 6 weeks were divided into blank control group, simple phosphate buffer solution (PBS) group, and bleomycin group according to the random number table, with 24 mice in each group. Mice in blank control group received no treatment, and 100 μL of PBS and bleomycin (1 mg/mL) were respectively injected subcutaneously in the back skin of mice in simple PBS and bleomycin group, once a day for 28 days. On injection day (ID) 7, 14, 21, and 28, 6 mice in each group were collected to observe the skin change on the back of mice with naked eyes. After the observation, the mice were sacrificed and skin tissue on the back was taken. Skin tissue of mice on ID 28 was collected to measure the thickness of skin tissue by routine hematoxylin-eosin staining and observe skin tissue morphology by Masson staining. Skin tissue on ID 7, 14, 21, and 28 was taken to detect content of hydroxyproline by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and mRNA and protein expressions of p62, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 Ⅱ (LC3 Ⅱ) and Beclin-1 were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively.
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