Notes

Spatiotemporal Quantification of Cytosolic pH within Arabidopsis Plant pollen Tubes.
Overall, 51.7% of patients experienced improvement in vision and 85.2% in ophthalmoplegia at 6 months. Patients treated with surgical decompression (66.7% versus 16.7%, P < 0.01) or steroids (60.0% versus 0%; P < 0.01) were more likely to have improvement in vision than those without treatment. Nerve growth factors did not improve vision. Ophthalmoplegia did not improve with any treatment.

Outcomes of TOAS tend to be poor, with overall low recovery of vision, though surgical decompression or steroid treatment did suggest improved visual outcomes. Further standardized patient data is needed to elucidate the comparative effectiveness of these interventions.
Outcomes of TOAS tend to be poor, with overall low recovery of vision, though surgical decompression or steroid treatment did suggest improved visual outcomes. Further standardized patient data is needed to elucidate the comparative effectiveness of these interventions.
Head and neck are the predilection sites of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). Although embolization is the first-line treatment for AVMs, complete surgical removal of the lesion still has its value due to the best outcome with low recurrence rate. Here, the authors made a retrospective analysis on the surgical treatment of AVMs in the head and neck.

From January 2006 to December 2019, a total of 18 patients with AVMs in the head and neck were enrolled in this study, including 10 males. The Schobinger clinical staging, Yakes' angioarchitecture type, and surgical treatment were analyzed. The follow-up data were collected. Then, individual treatment strategies were summarized.

According to Schobinger clinical classification system, 6 patients were at stage I, 7 patients at stage II, and 5 patients at stage III. According to Yakes' AVM classification system, 3 Type I, 4 Type II, 5 Type III, and 3 Type IV were confirmed. 3 patients cannot be confirmed due to lacking of arteriographic data. Surgical treatments included simple surgical excision (8 patients), dilator therapy (6 patients), and skin grafting after surgical excision (4 patients). In the follow-up period, 2 patients had recurrence and accepted operation again. All patients were satisfied with the appearance.

Individual surgical treatment based on the clinical stage and angioarchitecture type can achieve satisfactory results in AVMs in the head and neck.
Individual surgical treatment based on the clinical stage and angioarchitecture type can achieve satisfactory results in AVMs in the head and neck.
Maxillofacial injuries are widely investigated worldwide as it consists a significant portion of trauma patients. Many researchers from various regions have reported the clinical and statistical analyses of maxillofacial fractures (MFFs) as the statistical data of MMFs are of great importance for both effective control and prevention of these cases. The number of studies concerning the diagnosis and treatment modalities of MFFs has significantly increased over the years. The bibliometric method was used to analyze publication outputs, countries, journals, most citations, and trends. In this study, the bibliometric analysis method was used in the publications related to MFFs published between 1980 and 2019, which were Science Citation Index Expanded indexed in the Web of Science database. Bibliometric analysis is applied to evaluate existing data in an evidence-based manner. selleck compound The highest number of scientific articles on MFFs came from the USA, which was also the most cited country among others. When the distrries, journals, most citations, and trends. In this study, the bibliometric analysis method was used in the publications related to MFFs published between 1980 and 2019, which were Science Citation Index Expanded indexed in the Web of Science database. Bibliometric analysis is applied to evaluate existing data in an evidence-based manner. The highest number of scientific articles on MFFs came from the USA, which was also the most cited country among others. When the distribution of the words in abstracts and titles by years was examined, it was seen that there was a significant change in the words "navigation," "computer," and "technology" between 2009 and 2012. The authors predict that our study would provide a novel perspective to the studies about MFFs and contribute to the researchers about the limits of the topic, and being aware of the active journals that publish the papers on this issue would facilitate the work of the researchers.
With the development of bypass technique, more and more complex aneurysms can be treated with bypass surgery. The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bypass in patients with giant cavernous carotid aneurysms (GCCAs). To further discuss the treatment of asymptomatic GCCAs.

The authors retrospectively reviewed our experience of the internal carotid artery (ICA) ligation/constriction combined with high/low-flow bypass surgery in the treatment of GCCAs.

Among the entire cohort, 4 patients underwent ICA ligation combined with high-flow bypass, 7 patients underwent ICA ligation/constriction combined with low-flow bypass. The postoperative symptom improvement of 9 patients with preoperative ophthalmoplegia, the symptom resolved in 2 patients, improved in 7 patients, of 7 patients with preoperative pain, the symptom resolved in 2 patients, improved in 4 patients and was unchanged in 1 patient. The results of following-up were measured using the modified Rankin scale (mRS). During the follow-up, there were 9 patients with mRS score 0 to 1, 1 patient with mRS score 2, and 1 patient with mRS score 3. The long-term graft patency rate was 100%. All patients had no recurrence of intracranial aneurysm.

Bypass surgery is a safe and effective method to treat GCCAs. Because of the risk of GCCAs and the improvement of bypass surgery technology, active surgical strategies should be adopted for asymptomatic or mild symptomatic GCCAs.
Bypass surgery is a safe and effective method to treat GCCAs. Because of the risk of GCCAs and the improvement of bypass surgery technology, active surgical strategies should be adopted for asymptomatic or mild symptomatic GCCAs.
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