Notes

Ms inside Iran: A good epidemiological update together with give attention to smog discussion.
Biomass-derived carbon materials prepared via pyrolysis from natural wood structures show potential for a storage application. Natural wood is composed of multiple carbon sources, including lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose, which influence the formation and microstructure of pyrolysis carbon. However, the mechanism is not fully understood. In this work, vast lignin is selectively consumed via biodegradation with fungi from basswood. The results demonstrate that the as-prepared carbon material has a short-range ordered graphitic structure after thermal treatment. The improved graphitization degree of carbon suggests that cellulose is beneficial to graphite formation during pyrolysis. The elevated graphitization degree helps to improve the charge transfer and the thermodynamic stability of the electrode reaction. BLU 451 manufacturer As a proof of concept, the obtained carbon current collector as a sodium-metal anode can undergo cycling at an areal capacity of 10 mAh cm-2 for over 4500 h and yield an excellent Coulombic efficiency of >99.5%.Cu2-xS has become one of the most promising thermoelectric materials for application in the middle-high temperature range. Its advantages include the abundance, low cost, and safety of its elements and a high performance at relatively elevated temperatures. However, stability issues limit its operation current and temperature, thus calling for the optimization of the material performance in the middle temperature range. Here, we present a synthetic protocol for large scale production of covellite CuS nanoparticles at ambient temperature and atmosphere, and using water as a solvent. The crystal phase and stoichiometry of the particles are afterward tuned through an annealing process at a moderate temperature under inert or reducing atmosphere. While annealing under argon results in Cu1.8S nanopowder with a rhombohedral crystal phase, annealing in an atmosphere containing hydrogen leads to tetragonal Cu1.96S. High temperature X-ray diffraction analysis shows the material annealed in argon to transform to the cubic phase at ca. 400 K, while the material annealed in the presence of hydrogen undergoes two phase transitions, first to hexagonal and then to the cubic structure. The annealing atmosphere, temperature, and time allow adjustment of the density of copper vacancies and thus tuning of the charge carrier concentration and material transport properties. In this direction, the material annealed under Ar is characterized by higher electrical conductivities but lower Seebeck coefficients than the material annealed in the presence of hydrogen. By optimizing the charge carrier concentration through the annealing time, Cu2-xS with record figures of merit in the middle temperature range, up to 1.41 at 710 K, is obtained. We finally demonstrate that this strategy, based on a low-cost and scalable solution synthesis process, is also suitable for the production of high performance Cu2-xS layers using high throughput and cost-effective printing technologies.Nanocrystals (NCs) are one of the few nanotechnologies to have attained mass market applications with their use as light sources for displays. This success relies on Cd- and In-based wide bandgap materials. NCs are likely to be employed in more applications as they provide a versatile platform for optoelectronics, specifically, infrared optoelectronics. The existing material technologies in this range of wavelengths are generally not cost-effective, which limits the spread of technologies beyond a few niche domains, such as defense and astronomy. Among the potential candidates to address the infrared window, mercury chalcogenide (HgX) NCs exhibit the highest potential in terms of performance. In this review, we discuss how material developments have facilitated device enhancements. Because these materials are mainly used for their infrared optical features, we first review the strategies for their colloidal growth and their specific electronic structure. The review is organized considering three main device-related applications light emission, electronic transport, and infrared photodetection.Recently, some famous high-altitude nature reserves have been shut down due to tourist garbage pollution. In order to clean up such garbage more conveniently and quickly, a novel detection framework is proposed to automatically detect scattered garbage regions using low-altitude remote sensing of small unmanned aerial vehicles (SUAVs), and it contains the following steps. First, high-resolution, low-altitude, multitemporal remote sensing images containing scattered garbage regions are collected by SUAVs, and two data augmentation methods are proposed to expand the training samples. Second, low-altitude remote sensing image registration and target-level image change detection are used to extract the candidate regions of garbage. Finally, a deep learning detection network is adopted to classify the scattered garbage regions. Experimental results show that the proposed detection framework achieves a mean accuracy of 96.94% and provides better performances on the real dataset compared with state-of-the-art methods.Thermodynamic properties including bond dissociation energies (BDEs), heats of formation, and gas-phase acidities for the hydrides and dimers of chalcogens and halogens, H2Y, HX, Y2, and X2 for Y = Se, Te, and At and X = Br, I, and At, have been predicted using the Feller-Peterson-Dixon composite-correlated molecular orbital theory approach. A full four-component CCSD(T) approach was used to calculate the spin-orbit effects on thermodynamic properties, except for Se2, where the AoC-DHF value was used due to strong multireference effects in Se2 for the SO calculations. The calculated results show that the At2 BDE is quite small, 19.5 kcal/mol, with much of the low bond energy due to spin-orbit effects. H2Po is not predicted to be stable to dehydrogenation to Po + H2 in terms of the free energy at 298 K. In the gas phase, HAt is predicted to be a stronger acid than H2SO4. The current results provide insights into potential difficulties in the actual experimental observation of such species for heavy elements.
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