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Personalized surgery enhanced employees' example of healing in the day.
Previous studies in recreational and trained athletes aged mostly in their 20s have reported that short-term ingestion of medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) enhances fat oxidation (FAO) during submaximal exercise. However, whether the FAO-enhancing effect of MCT with a different composition of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) occurs in older sedentary persons is unclear. The present study investigated the effect of MCT ingestion with different proportions of MCFA in sedentary participants in their 40's and 50's. Participants ingested 0 g of MCT (control), 6 g of octanoic acid-rich MCT (OAR), or 6 g of decanoic acid-rich MCT (DAR) for 14 days separated by a 14-day washout period in random order. Cumulative FAO (Fcv ) during submaximal, fixed, and incremental exercise was evaluated at workload from 20 W to the appearance of a ventilation threshold (VT). During the 20 W fixed-load exercise, Fcv was significantly (p less then  0.05) higher in the OAR than in the control. At appearance of VT, intervention effect of power output was significantly higher in the OAR and DAR than in the control. In a subgroup analysis by age, intervention effects of maximal FAO rate and oxygen uptake in the upper age subgroup were higher in the OAR and DAR than in the control. In a pooled analysis with age subgroup and diet, the integrated pooled estimate of Fcv during submaximal exercise was significantly higher in 6 g of MCT ingestion than 0 g ingestion. Our data show that the effect of MCT might differ depending on the age group and the proportion of MCFA, while MCT could enhance FAO during submaximal exercise. © 2020 AOCS.Tanshinol A, which is derived from a traditional Chinese herbal Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae is indicative of a hypolipidemic candidate. Therefore, we aim to validate its hypolipidemic activity of tanshinol A and explore its mechanism in triton-1339W-induced hyperlipidemic mice model, which possess multiply pathogenesis for endogenous lipid metabolism disorder. Experimental hyperlipidemia mice are treated with or without tanshinol A (i.g. 40, 20, 10 mg/kg), and blood and liver tissue were collected for validating its hypolipidemic and hepatic protective effect, and hepatic mRNA expression profile, which was associated with lipid metabolism dysfunction and liver injury, was detected by RT-qPCR. As results show, triton-1339W-induced abnormal of serum TC, TAG, HDL-C, LDL-C, SOD, MDA, GOT, and GPT is remarkably attenuated by tanshinol A. In pathological experiment, triton-1339W-induced hepatocellular ballooning degeneration, irregular central vein congestion, and inflammation infiltration are alleviated by tanshinol A. Correspondingly, hepatic mRNA expression of Atf4, Fgf21, Vldlr, Nqo1, Pdk4, and Angptl4, which are genes regulating lipemic-oxidative injury, are significantly increased by tanshinol A by 2~6 fold. Abcg5, Cd36, and Apob, which are responsible for cholesterol metabolism, are mildly upregulated. Noticeably, triton-1339W-suppressed expressions of Ptgs2/Il10, which are genes responsible for acute inflammation resolution in liver injury, are remarkably increased by tanshinol A. Conclusively, tanshinol A exerted hypolipidemic effect and hepatoprotective effect through restoring triton-1339W-suppressed mRNA expression, which may be involved in Atf4/Fgf21/Vldlr and Ptgs2/Il-10 signaling pathways. © 2020 AOCS.PURPOSE Passive acoustic mapping (PAM) has received increasing attention in recent years and has an extremely widespread application prospect in real-time monitoring of ultrasound treatment. When using a diagnostic ultrasound transducer, such as a linear-array transducer, the initially used time exposure acoustics (TEA) algorithm will produce high-level artifacts. To address this problem, we recently proposed an enhanced algorithm for linear-array PAM by introducing dual apodization with cross-correlation (DAX) method into TEA. But due to that the delay and sum beamformer used to create RX1 and RX2 is non-adaptive, the remaining X-type artifacts can not be completely suppressed, yielding unsatisfactory image quality. This study aims to propose an improved version by combining DAX and robust Capon beamformer (DAX-RCB). METHODS Different from the delay and sum beamformer in DAX-TEA algorithm, in the proposed version, the two sets of channel signals from a pair of complementary receive apodizations are beamformeicate that DAX-RCB algorithm is also applicable to the image enhancement in the double-source scenario and the high-level noise scenario but at a risk of low energy estimation. The improvement of algorithm performance is accompanied by the increase of computing time. The proposed DAX-RCB consumes 113.3%, 29.5%, and 17.8% more time than TEA, DAX-TEA, and RCB. CONCLUSIONS The proposed DAX-RCB can be considered as an effective reconstruction algorithm for passive cavitation mapping and provide an appropriate monitoring means for ultrasound therapy, especially for cavitation-mediated applications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.AIM To determine whether Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can directly activate trigeminal neurons, to identify which receptors are involved, and to establish whether activation leads to secretion of the neuropeptide calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) and/or the translocation of NF-κB. METHODOLOGY Mouse trigeminal ganglion (TG) cells were cultured in vitro for 2 days. The effect of P. gingivalis LPS (20 μg/mL) on calcium signalling was assessed (by calcium imaging using Cal-520 AM) in comparison to the transient receptor potential channel A1 (TRPA1) agonist cinnamaldehyde (CA; 100 μM), the TRP channel V1 (TRPV1) agonist capsaicin (CAP; 1 μM), and high potassium (60 mM KCl). TG cultures were pre-treated with either 1 μM CLI-095 to block Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling or with 3 μM HC-030031 to block TRPA1 signalling. CGRP release was determined using ELISA, and nuclear translocation of NF-κB was investigated using immunocytochemistry. Data were analysed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni's post-hoc test as appropriate. RESULTS P. gingivalis LPS directly exerted a rapid excitatory response on sensory neurons and non-neuronal cells (p less then 0.001 to p less then 0.05). The effects on neurons appear to be mediated via TLR4- and TRPA1-dependent pathways. Blasticidin S in vitro The responses were accompanied by an increased release of CGRP (p less then 0.001) and by NF-κB nuclear translocation (p less then 0.01). CONCLUSIONS P. gingivalis LPS directly activates trigeminal sensory neurons (via TLR4 and TRPA1 receptors) and non-neuronal cells, resulting in CGRP release and NF-κB nuclear translocation. This indicates that P. gingivalis can directly influence activity in trigeminal sensory neurons and this may contribute to acute and chronic inflammatory pain. © 2020 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Synaptotagmin-7 (Syt-7) is one of two major calcium sensors for exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells, the other being synaptotagmin-1 (Syt-1). Despite a broad appreciation for the importance of Syt-7, questions remain as to its localization, function in mediating discharge of dense core granule cargos, and role in triggering release in response to physiological stimulation. These questions were addressed using two distinct experimental preparations-mouse chromaffin cells lacking endogenous Syt-7 (KO cells) and a reconstituted system employing cell-derived granules expressing either Syt-7 or Syt-1. First, using immunofluorescence imaging and subcellular fractionation, it is shown that Syt-7 is widely distributed in organelles, including dense core granules. Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) imaging demonstrates that the kinetics and probability of granule fusion in Syt-7 KO cells stimulated by a native secretagogue, acetylcholine, are markedly lower than in WT cells. When fusion is observed, fluorescent cargo proteins are discharged more rapidly when only Syt-1 is available to facilitate release. To determine the extent to which the aforementioned results are attributable purely to Syt-7, granules expressing only Syt-7 or Syt-1 were triggered to fuse on planar supported bilayers bearing plasma membrane SNARE proteins. Here, as in cells, Syt-7 confers substantially greater calcium sensitivity to granule fusion than Syt-1 and slows the rate at which cargos are released. Overall, this study demonstrates that by virtue of its high affinity for calcium and effects on fusion pore expansion, Syt-7 plays a central role in regulating secretory output from adrenal chromaffin cells. © 2020 International Society for Neurochemistry.The study examined the radiating impacts of trauma following the officer-involved shooting of Alton Sterling. Twitter data (#AltonSterling) was collected, filtered, and analyzed using textual and spatial methods. Primary coding encompassed the 30-day period immediately following the shooting. In general, tweets were not used to convey either facts or neutral information, rather, personal opinions dominated. The immediate responses were largely grounded in fear and/or violence. One particularly illuminating finding was the absence of messaging and silence from local leadership. Social media can be a tool to either provide consolatory messaging to promote healing and health, or to spread inflammatory exchanges that perpetuate community discord, further fracture communities and groups, and elevate the risk of retraumatization. Local organizations need established protocols for using social media proactively in the aftermath of community trauma; social media can be a powerful tool for enhancing community cohesion, recovery, and resilience. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Research consistently demonstrates resilience as an interactive process, drawing on personal assets together with relational and contextual resources, to support improved outcomes in contexts of nonnormative adversity. What remains unclear are the dynamics of this process and what drives it. This article draws on a prior scoping review of the literature to conceptually explore the positioning of the individual within this dynamic interplay of risks, resilience, and sociocultural context as it pertains to child and youth mental health. The paper begins by summarizing findings from this scoping review, highlighting core resilience elements and processes. These are then considered in relational to the global meaning theory, situating meaning-making as a key mechanism that mediates the interaction between individuals and their ecologies. Drawing on the literature, this article considers how this interaction shapes the particular ways in which resilience then manifests itself in the lives of individuals and becomes available as a resource to assist in the promotion of mental health. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea, while Neisseria meningitidis is an important cause of bacterial meningitis and sepsis. Complement is a central arm of innate immune defenses and plays an important role in combating Neisserial infections. Persons with congenital and acquired defects in complement are at a significantly higher risk for invasive Neisserial infections such as invasive meningococcal disease and disseminated gonococcal infection compared to the general population. Of note, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis can only infect humans, which in part may be related to their ability to evade only human complement. This review summarizes the epidemiologic and clinical aspects of Neisserial infections in persons with defects in the complement system. Mechanisms used by these pathogens to subvert killing by complement and preclinical studies showing how these complement evasion strategies may be used to counteract the global threat of meningococcal and gonococcal infections are discussed.
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