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Use of typical Disc jockey stent and one cycle stent with line after ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy: Can we make use of? Could it be efficient?
Manifestations of intractable hyponatremia and hypokalemia in autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy have been rarely reported.

A 75-year-old male patient presented as the case of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and intractable hypokalemia, showed fever, fatigue, and mental disorders. Signs and symptoms of meningoencephalitis, ataxia, and cognitive abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed multiple white matter lesions of the central nervous system. He had GFAP-IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). After treatment with corticosteroids, his symptoms were alleviated gradually, and the level of electrolytes was normal. However, head contrast-enhanced MRI + susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) showed a wide afflicted region, and the serum GFAP-IgG turned positive. Considering the relapse of the disease, ha was treated with immunoglobulin and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to stabilize his condition.

This case showed a rare disease with uncommon manifestations, suggesting that careful examination and timely diagnosis are essential for disease management and satisfactory prognosis.
This case showed a rare disease with uncommon manifestations, suggesting that careful examination and timely diagnosis are essential for disease management and satisfactory prognosis.Naltrexone (NTX) is an opioid antagonist that inhibits cell proliferation in vivo when administered in low doses. Naltrexone in low doses are able to reduce tumor growth by interfering with cell signalling as well as by modifying the immune system. It acts as an opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) antagonist and the OGF-OGFr axis is an inhibitory biological pathway present in human cancer cells and tissues, being a target for treatment with naltrexone low-dose (LDN). Clinical trials have proposed a unique mechanism(s) allowing LDN to affect tumors. LDN shows promising results for people with primary cancer of the bladder, breast, liver, lung, lymph nodes, colon and rectum. This short review provides further evidence to support the role of LDN as an anticancer agent.
Mirabegron (MBN), a β-3 adrenergic agent, is used in the treatment of overactive bladder. MBN has alow water solubility, high first-pass metabolism, and low bioavailability, consequently having poor absorption in the gastrointestinal tract.

The present study is intended to formulate Mirabegron-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (MBN-SLN) coated with PEG-400 to bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism and to improve its oral bioavailability.

MBN-SLNs were developed using glyceryl monostearate by pre-emulsion-ultrasonication method, which was then optimized applying Box-Behnken Design. The optimized batch of MBN-SLN was selected for surface-modification with PEG-400 (MBN-PEG-SLN) and characterized by photon correlation spectroscopy, DSC, and XRD. Bioavailability studies were conducted in Wistar rats after oral administration of plain MBN dispersion, MBN-SLN, and MBN-PEG-SLN.

Stable MBN-SLNs and MBN-PEG-SLN of the optimized batch having a mean particle size of 162.7 nm and 149.9 nm; zeta potential of -39.1 mV as MBN by abating the first-pass metabolism.
Aging is associated with most neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Determination of peripheral blood biomarkers represents a low invasive approach for tracking early changes in body metabolism during aging.

This study addresses a cross-sectional analysis to identity changes in lipid, minerals and antioxidant capacity as potential biomarkers to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases during aging.

A retrospective analysis was performed to determine age-related biomarkers from a clinical sample database. Next, one hundred volunteers between 20-59 (adult) and over 60 years (elderly) were submitted to motor and cognitive tests according to Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) respectively. Peripheral blood samples were also collected to determine circulating lipids, minerals and antioxidant capacity.

Lipid profile revealed an increase in Triglycerides, Total and VLDL Cholesterol. Among elderly, HDL was lower than adult group, particularly in volunteers with severe cognitive decline. Minerals involved in antioxidant defense such as Iron, Selenium and Manganese were lower in elderly compared to adults. Catalase activity was also reduced among elderly with mild cognitive impairment.

Here we show changes in key serum biomarkers correlates with aging and clinical cognitive decline among elderly. These findings may contribute to the understanding how biomarkers can be useful for early diagnosis and treatment of aging-related diseases.
Here we show changes in key serum biomarkers correlates with aging and clinical cognitive decline among elderly. These findings may contribute to the understanding how biomarkers can be useful for early diagnosis and treatment of aging-related diseases.
Coronaviruses have caused outbreaks of respiratory disease since the beginning of the 21st century, representing a significant threat to public health. Together, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), the respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, more recently, the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) have caused hundreds of thousands of deaths around the world. this website Thus, investments in research and the development of strategies aimed at diagnosing, treating, and preventing these infections are urgently needed.

The objective of this study was to analyze the patents that address pathogenic coronaviruses in Google Patents databases in the last year (2019-2020).

The search strategy was carried out in April 2020, based on the keywords "SARS", "SARS-CoV", "MERS", "MERS-CoV", "SARS-CoV-2" and "COVID-19. Out of the patents examined, 25 were selected for a short description in this study.

A total of 191 patents were analyzed, 149 of which were related to SARS-CoV, and 29 and 12 were related to MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV2, respectively. The patents addressed the issues of diagnosis, therapeutic agents, prevention and control, along with other applications.

Several promising strategies have been documented in intellectual property databases favoring the need for further studies on the pathogenesis and optimization of the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment for these emerging infections.
Several promising strategies have been documented in intellectual property databases favoring the need for further studies on the pathogenesis and optimization of the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment for these emerging infections.The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was a challenge for emergency care units worldwide due to the large numbers of patients, the scarcity of information, the medical resources, and the uncertainty regarding the disease's etiology and pathogenesis. The transmission of the virus and a probable post-pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 will depend on how deep we can understand this disease, the duration of immunity and the degree of cross immunity between SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens either bacteria or fungi. Most mortalities have been treated to an atypical pneumonia consisted of a sudden worsening of general condition of the admitted positive COVID-19 patients. The severe thromboembolism often characterized by a violent pulmonary and systemic complications described with a blend of inflammatory-infectious patterns that rapidly shifted into a typical systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or into an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that eventually concluded into a multi-organ failure (MOF) and death. The fatality rate reported in our Covid-19 structure, SG Moscati Hospital of Taranto province in Italy, was higher in aged male people with preexisting chronic pulmonary disease (COPD), patients with cancer and preexisting cardio-vascular diseases (CVD). We assumed a different theoretical position to clarify the higher mortality event seen among those patients that was not as obvious as it appeared, we thus offered different pathophysiological picture that could help to newly solutions in therapy and prevention.
Cannabis and its extracts are now being explored due to their huge health benefits. Although, the effect they elicit, whether on humans or rodents, may vary based on the age of the animal/subject and or the time in which the extract is administered. However, several debates exist concerning the various medical applications of these compounds. Nonetheless, their applicability as therapeutics should not be clouded based on their perceived negative biological actions.

Articles from reliable databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Ovid were searched. Specific search methods were employed using multiple keywords ''Medicinal Cannabis; endocannabinoid system; cannabinoids receptors; cannabinoids and cognition; brain disorders; neurodegenerative diseases''. For the inclusion/exclusion criteria, only relevant articles related to medicinal Cannabis and its various compounds were considered.

The current review highlights the role, effects, and involvement of Cannabis, cannabinoids, anutic applications.Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by the degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage, is one of the most significant public health issues around the world. In the course of OA, inflammatory response is an important factor leading to cartilage destruction and exacerbation of symptoms. The low immunogenicity, multi-directional differentiation and high portability properties make bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) ideal seed cells for OA. Here, we review recent literature relating to the application of BMSCs for OA cell therapy and consider the following aspects migration and homing of BMSCs, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of BMSCs, anti-fibrotic effects of BMSCs, the application of biological scaffolds in cartilage regeneration by BMSCs and chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Injecting BMSCs into joints with an inflammatory environment may increase the risk of osteoproliferation and ectopic calcification in patients. Further evidence and studies are needed to ensure the improvement and maintenance of the intraarticular environment for cartilage repair and regeneration.
The effectiveness of Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in demonstrating functional changes in the tumor in determining the response to treatment after radiosurgery in patients with vestibular schwannoma (VS) is not clear yet.

The study aimed to determine the change total in tumor volume (TTV) in terms of radiological response in patients who had VS and were treated with radiosurgery and investigate the relationship between the TTV, follow-up times and DTI parameters.

Thirty-one patients were assessed using DTI and MRI. TTV, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and fractional anisotropy (FA) were calculated. Patients were divided into tree groups those who responded to the treatment (group 1) (n=11), who did not (group 0) (n=9) and who remained stable (group 2) (n=11).

The mean duration of follow-up was 28.81±14 months. ADC values increased in patients with VS after radiosurgery (p=0.004). link2 There was no statistical difference in the FA values. link3 A significant reduction in TTV after radiosurgery was detected in group 1 (p=0.
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