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Direct Neuronal Re-training: Bridging the visible difference Among Basic Scientific disciplines and Clinical Program.
Findings showed improvement in both IPT initiation and completion with increase in initiation rate from 11% to above 50%, and increase in completion rate from 53% to 95.4%. Conclusion The use of quality improvement approaches can improve coverage and completion rate of IPT among eligible HIV patients. Government and health programmers should support facilities to apply QI approaches to solving health service delivery. © Olabanjo Okunlola Ogunsola et al.A 9-month-old baby, born within the normal period of gestation and with normal psychomotor development, presented with a rapidly progressive small swelling persisting for several months and evolving towards an inflammatory status. see more CT scan of the orbit and brain after contrast injection showed right intraorbital tissue mass forcing the eyeball upwards and outwards. The patient underwent surgical biopsy of the lesion. The diagnosis was necrosed sarcomatous tumoral proliferation with undifferentiated cells of small size; immuno-histochemical examination revealed embryonic rhabdomyosarcome. The patient was lost to follow-up for 3 months, then re-consulted. MRI evaluation was requested. This showed a significant increase in tumor volume. Initial chemotherapy was recommended followed by locoregional radiotherapy. The baby died a few months later. © Soumya Benziane et al.Introduction The study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of clinicians and laboratory scientists on the use of saliva for clinical or laboratory tests. Methods This was a cross-sectional survey of health care workers (100 clinicians and 62 laboratory scientists) closely involved with specimen collection for clinical and laboratory investigation at two health facilities (secondary and tertiary) in Nigeria. Information was obtained from participants using pretested structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed with SPSS and level of significance set at p less then 5%. Results The mean age of the study participants was 34.1 (±6.6) years. The majority (95.7%) knew saliva could be used for clinical/laboratory test. A higher proportion of laboratory scientists knew saliva could be used in diagnosing HIV (59.2%), oral diseases (88.7%), oro-facial tumors (64.4%) and genetic testing (94.5%) compared to (41%), (80%), (40%) and (80%), of clinicians respectively (p less then 0.05). More clinicians (85%) indicated saliva as a good specimen for diagnosing systemic diseases compared with scientists (63%), p less then 0.001. Saliva was the most comfortable/convenient body fluid to obtain from patients with more clinicians (80%) mentioning this than scientists (49.1%), p less then 0.001. Twenty-six clinicians had used saliva for disease diagnosis (64%), treatment monitoring (28%) or research purposes (8%). Saliva sampling for research purposes was more prevalent among clinicians (p = 0.004). Conclusion The majority of the health care workers knew the various uses and advantages of saliva as a specimen for clinical and laboratory investigation. However, few indicated previous use for clinical and laboratory investigation especially in the area of research. © Taye Jemilat Lasisi et al.Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy is a rare disease, characterized by phosphocalcic balance abnormalities related to peripheral resistance to parathyroid hormone. It is an hereditary affection with autosomal dominant inheritance pattern caused by mutation in GNAS gene1. It combines specific morphotype, subcutaneous calcifications, bone and renal resistance to parathyroid hormone. We report a new case of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy in a 9-month old infant followed up for significant hypocalcaemia which occurred at 10 days of life. The purpose of this study was to remind clinicians of the clinical, biological, genetic and therapeutic features of this disease. © Laila Tami et al.Brain abscesses can cause significant morbidity in patients with cyanogen heart disease. In countries with limited resources treatment, it is difficult and prognosis is guarded. Here we report a case of brain abscesses revealing a rare form of cyanogen heart disease, the trilogy of Fallot, in Parakou in the north of Benin. The study involved a 9-year old boy, referred to a primary hospital for left hemiparesis. Interview and physical examination revealed symptoms evolving for two months including intense headaches, fever, vomiting and functional impairment of the left hemi-corps, altered general state, generalized cyanosis, left hemiparesis, pulmonary systolic murmur. Brain CT scan showed abscesses in the right parietal region and in the left temporal region as well as hydrocephalus. Doppler echocardiography showed stiff pulmonary stenosis, atrial septal defects and right ventricular hypertrophy. Antibiotic therapy including ceftriaxone, gentamicin and metronidazole was started in emergency. Indication for surgical intervention included trepano-puncture but this could not be performed due to rapid unfavorable outcome. Brain abscesses are a common complication of cyanogen heart disease. Outcome is fatal in the absence of adequate management, hence the role of diagnosis and early treatment of these heart diseases. © Falilatou Agbeille Mohamed et al.Introduction Sympathetic and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone systems play crucial roles in blood pressure response to increased salt intake. This study investigated the effects of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and sympathetic excitation on the responses of blood pressure (BP) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) in salt loaded normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) Nigerian subjects. Methods 16 NT and 14 HT participants, that were age-matched [39.9 ± 1.3 vs 44.1±2.1yrs (P= 0.10)], underwent 5 days each of oral administration of 200mmol NaCl, and 200mmol NaCl + 50mg Losartan, preceded by a baseline control condition. BP and PVR responses to 30% Maximum Voluntary Contraction (MVC) of handgrip (HG) for one minute were determined at baseline, after salt load and after salt + Losartan. Data were presented as Mean ± SEM, and analyzed with two-way ANOVA and paired t-test, with P less then 0.05 accepted as significant. Results BP and PVR were significantly increased by HG at baseline, after salt load and after salt + Losartan in NT and HT.
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