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Identified Connection as well as Difficult Smartphone Utilization in Teenagers: Mediating Connection between Self-Regulation as well as Prosociality.
osely related to the timing of hard lockdowns. Healthcare staff, individuals working from home, those with Covid-19, as well as young people and women are non-traditional risk groups who warrant heightened attention in prevention during and in the aftermath of the pandemic.
Despite growing adoption of digital technologies, the gap between users and non-users (aka digital divide) persists. It is imperative to determine whether and how such a gap can lead to disparities in mental health outcomes among populations. However, few empirical studies have explored the effect of smartphone non-use on psychological well-being.

A large-scale cross-sectional survey was conducted among 26,951 college students in Shaanxi Province, China. Levels of depression and loneliness were first compared between smartphone non-users and their user counterparts. Based on the Conservation of Resources theory, structural equation modeling was then used to test the mediating roles of social support, quality of peer relationship, and self-esteem.

Around 56.8% of smartphone non-users had probable depression and they reported significantly higher depressive symptoms (Cohen's d=0.52) and loneliness (Cohen's d=0.30) than users. The hypothesized mediation model was well supported with good model fit. Lower lpact on population's psychological well-being.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant mental health consequences for frontline health care workers (FHCWs). However, no known study has examined the prevalence, determinants, or correlates of posttraumatic growth (PTG) in this population.

Data were analyzed from a prospective cohort of FHCWs at an urban tertiary care hospital in New York City (NYC). Assessments were conducted during the spring 2020 pandemic peak (Wave 1) and seven months later (Wave 2). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify Wave 1 sociodemographic, occupational, and psychosocial factors associated with PTG at Wave 2, and the association between aspects of PTG with burnout and pandemic-related PTSD symptoms at Wave 2.

A total 76.8% of FHCWs endorsed moderate or greater PTG; the most prevalent domains were increased appreciation of life (67.0%), improved relationships (48.7%), and greater personal strength (44.1%). Non-White race/ethnicity, greater levels of positive emotions, pandemic-related PTSD symptoms, dispositional gratitude, and feelings of inspiration were independently associated with PTG. At Wave 2, endorsement of spiritual growth during the pandemic was associated with 52% and 44% lower odds of screening positive for pandemic-related PTSD symptoms and burnout, respectively; greater improvement in relationships was associated with 36% lower odds of screening positive for burnout.

Single institution study and use of self-report instruments.

Nearly 4-of-5 FHCWs report pandemic-related PTG, driven largely by salutogenic factors assessed during the pandemic surge. Interventions to bolster these factors may help promote PTG and mitigate risk for burnout and pandemic-related PTSD symptoms in this population.
Nearly 4-of-5 FHCWs report pandemic-related PTG, driven largely by salutogenic factors assessed during the pandemic surge. Interventions to bolster these factors may help promote PTG and mitigate risk for burnout and pandemic-related PTSD symptoms in this population.
Previous studies have shown that psilocybin has antidepressant effects. In the current study, we aim to explore the dose effects of psilocybin on primary (major depression patients) and secondary depression (depressed cancer patients).

Published studies concerning psilocybin for depression were retrieved. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, 6 databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov 2.3 and WanFang database) were searched for research studies published or still in progress from inception to 30 November, 2020, with language restricted to English and Chinese. Hedges' g of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score changes was calculated as the primary outcome.

7 articles were finally included, with a total of 136 participants. In terms of efficacy, Hedges' g was 1.289 (95%CI=[1.020, 1.558], heterogeneity I
=50.995%, p<0.001). As psilocybin dose increases within a certain range, the antidepressive effect declines and then increases, with 30-35 mg/70 kg achieving the or further evaluation on its effect.Research into road safety has evolved from individual level component analysis to a much broader, systemic approach that acknowledges the fusion of 'socio' and 'technical' system elements. Over the past four decades, Professor Neville Stanton has contributed to over 179 journal articles, book chapters and conference papers in the field of road safety. check details The journey from 'thinking humans' to 'systems thinking' is demonstrated in this paper through the novel application of the Risk Management Framework (RMF) to the categorisation of research activities. A systematic review of Neville's contributions to the field of road safety demonstrates that over the years, his research activities have evolved from investigating single technological or human performance aspects in isolation (e.g., in-vehicle information design and workload) through to the holistic analysis of much broader systems (e.g., investigating road safety as a whole). Importantly, this evolution goes hand in hand with a change in the focus and emphasis of recommendations for improvements to safety. Going forward, Neville has helped pave the way for fundamental changes and improvements to be made to road safety systems around the world.Multi-component food-items are single food products that comprise more than one food class, brought together usually via some form of processing. Importantly, individual components of the food-item remain discernible and sensorially distinguishable from each other (e.g., chocolate chip cookies or 'choc ice'). Despite a sizable research literature on the formulation of such products, there lacks a concomitant research literature on the effect(s) of multi-component food-items (compared to single component food-items) on eating behaviour. Considerable previous research has investigated the effect of multiple separate food items on food intake, portion size selection and palatability. However, studies rarely use test foods that capture the physical or chemical interactions between components that are characteristic of multi-component foods. Nevertheless, previous research and relevant theory allow us to generate hypotheses about how multi-component foods may affect eating behaviour; consideration of food variety and perceived sensory complexity suggest that consumption of multi-component foods are likely to increase perceived palatability of such foods, self-selected portion size and food intake. Moreover, many (but not all) multi-component foods would be considered ultra-processed, which is a driver of food intake in and of itself. One possibility is that food components brought together as part of a multi-component food-item interact to strongly drive eating behaviour. To explore this idea, researchers will need to work across disciplines to address various practical and methodological barriers including the technical preparation of test foods.Reactive oxygen species that increase during cardiovascular disease (CVD) react with protein cysteine residues to form a glutathione adduct by S-glutathionylation, which is selectively removed by glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx). We previously showed that S-glutathionylation and Glrx play important roles in mouse models of CVD, such as heart failure and peripheral artery disease models. However, there are few clinical studies on Glrx in CVD. Although Glrx is a cytosolic protein expressed in various organs, it is detectable in human plasma. Studies have reported that Glrx in plasma is a potential disease maker, such as CVD and chronic kidney disease and diabetes, however, it remains unclear whether Glrx is related to the prognosis of patients with CVD. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether Glrx levels in plasma are associated with future events in patients with CVD. Plasma levels of Glrx were measured in 555 patients with CVD who underwent cardiac catheterization using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All patients were followed prospectively for ≤36 months or until occurrence of adverse events, including all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and worsening heart failure. During a mean follow-up period of 33 months, 54 adverse events occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that higher levels of Glrx (>0.622 ng/mL, determined by receiver-operating characteristic curve) resulted in a higher probability for adverse events compared with lower levels of Glrx (≤0.622 ng/mL) (P 0.662 ng/mL can predict future events in patients with CVD.The purpose of this work was to incorporate an optimized pomegranate extract loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (PE-SLNs) formula in a transdermal emulgel to evaluate its anticancer effect. The prepared emulgel formulae were evaluated for their physicochemical properties. An ex vivo permeation study was done through mouse skin and the kinetic parameters were determined. Kinetic data showed that the ex vivo permeation of PE from SLNs transdermal emulgel through mouse skin followed non-Fickian diffusion transport. Further, in vivo study was done by applying the optimized PE-SLNs transdermal emulgel on mice skin bearing a solid form of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) as well as free PE, control, placebo, and standard groups for comparison. In addition, histopathological examinations of the samples obtained from the EAC mice model were performed. The results proved that application of the selected PE-SLNs emulgel formulation on the mice skin bearing solid tumor revealed statistically significant anticancer effects.In previous work, we discovered a lead compound and conducted initial SAR studies on a novel series of dioxotriazines to identify the compound as one of the P2X3 receptor antagonists. This compound showed high P2X3 receptor selectivity and a strong analgesic effect. Although not selected for clinical development, the compound was evaluated from various aspects as a tool compound. In the course of the following study, the molecular structures of the dioxotriazines were modified based on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analyses. As a result of these SAR studies, Sivopixant (S-600918) was identified as a clinical candidate with potent and selective antagonistic activity (P2X3 IC50, 4.2 nM; P2X2/3 IC50, 1100 nM) and a strong analgesic effect in the rat partial sciatic nerve ligation model (Seltzer model) of allodynia (ED50, 0.4 mg/kg).Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases that causes worldwide suffering. Lactobacillus helveticus is a probiotic that can enhance intestinal barrier function via alleviation of excessive inflammatory response. Citrulline, a functional amino acid, has been reported to stimulate muscle synthesis and to function with a prebiotic-like action with certain Lactobacillus strains. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential synergistic effect of combining L. helveticus and citrulline on protection against damage induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mouse model. Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with DSS water and randomly divided for administering with different milk treatments 1) plain milk (control or DSS control), 2) 1% (w/v) citrulline enriched milk (Cit_milk), 3) milk fermented with L. helveticus (LHFM) and 4) DSS+milk fermented with L. helveticus with 1% (w/v) citrulline (Cit_LHFM). The treatment effects on the survival and macroscopic and microscopic signs were examined.
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