Notes

Uneven Multicomponent Sulfa-Michael/Mannich Stream Reaction: Synthetic Access to 1,2-Diamino-3-Organosulfur Substances as well as 2-Nitro Allylic Amines.
Satiety is a crucial factor in the attempt to reduce food intake for long-term body weight loss. Since there is evidence for a negative correlation between cerebral energy levels and food intake, the provision of the primary energy substrate glucose to the brain through oral ingestion of carbohydrates could trigger feelings of satiety. Therefore, we hypothesized that a low-calorie saccharide preload would increase satiety, reduce subsequent food intake, and thereby decrease overall calorie consumption.

In a randomized single-blind crossover study, 17 healthy young normal-weight men received saccharide (26kcal in total) or placebo capsules 30min before a standardized breakfast buffet. We analysed food intake from the test buffet as well as plasma glucose and serum insulin levels.

The saccharide preload reduced food intake from the buffet by 168 (± 34) kcal (p < 0.001) compared to control. This corresponds to a net reduction in total calorie consumption by 142 (± 34) kcal (p < 0.001) or 9.3% due to saccharide capsules.

A very low-calorie saccharide preload considerably reduces subsequent food intake leading to decreased overall calorie consumption. A saccharide preload before meals could, therefore, be a promising support for reducing caloric intake.

DRKS00010281 (date of registration 11.04.2016).
DRKS00010281 (date of registration 11.04.2016).
Pediatric hydronephrosis induced by pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is treated by dismembered pyeloplasty (DP) via open and laparoscopic surgery. The etiology of PUJO involves both intrinsic stenosis and extrinsic compression of crossing vessels (CVs). PUJO owing to CVs is also treated by DP, as there is no consensus concerning this vascular condition. We encountered a 2-year-old infant with pure extrinsic PUJO combined with horseshoe kidney who successfully underwent laparoscopic transposition for CVs (vascular hitch).

A 2-year-old boy was prenatally diagnosed with left multicystic dysplastic kidney (MDCK) and right hydronephrosis and received a definitive diagnosis after birth. At 6 months old, renal scintigraphy revealed a non-functioning pattern in the left kidney and an obstructive pattern in the right, showing no response to furosemide loading. The patient also had recurrent urinary tract infection, and his right hydronephrosis gradually worsened. We decided to perform surgery for the riost-operative course was uneventful. The renal scintigraphy findings improved and showed a favorable response of furosemide loading.

The laparoscopic vascular hitch procedure is minimally invasive and effective for extrinsic PUJO due to CVs. Anastomotic stricture after Anderson and Hynes DP can be prevented by appropriate patient selection.
The laparoscopic vascular hitch procedure is minimally invasive and effective for extrinsic PUJO due to CVs. Anastomotic stricture after Anderson and Hynes DP can be prevented by appropriate patient selection.
This study aimed to clarify the interrelationship and additive effects of contact force (CF), power and application time in both conventional and high-power short-duration (HPSD) settings.

Among 38 patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation who underwent first-time pulmonary vein isolation, 787 ablation points were collected at the beginning of the procedure at separate sites. Energy was applied for 60 s under power outputs of 25, 30 or 35 W (conventional group), or 10 s when using 50 W (HPSD group). An impedance drop (ID) of 10 Ω was regarded as a marker of adequate lesion formation.

ID ≥ 10 Ω could not be achieved with CF < 5 g under any power setting. With CF ≥ 5 g, ID could be enhanced by increasing power output or prolonging ablation time. ID for 30 and 35 W was greater than for 25 W (p < 0.05). Ablation with 35 W resulted in greater ID than with 30 W only when CF of 10-20 g was applied for 20-40 s (p < 0.05). Under the same power output, ID increased with CF level at different time poins in terms of ID.
Both poor sleep and diabetic kidney disease are closely associated with inflammation. However, the correlation between poor sleep and diabetic kidney disease has not been wellclarified. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mediating role that inflammatory markers play in the pathogenic effectof poor sleep on the severity of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 336 patients withtype 2 diabetes (T2D). DKD was diagnosed according to the guidelines of the National Kidney Foundation-Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (NKF-K/DOQI). selleck kinase inhibitor The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score was applied to assess patients for the quality of their sleep. Patients with a PSQIscore of more than 5 were assigned to the poor sleep group, and the rest of the patients were assigned to the good sleep group. Circulating levels of six inflammatory biomarkers related to poor sleep and DKD were measured.

The prevalence of DKD was higher in patients with poor sleepquality than in thse results suggest that inflammatory markers contribute to a pathogenic connection between poor sleep and DKD.Gynaeseius liturivorus (Ehara) (Acari Phytoseiidae) is a promising biological control agent for tiny arthropod pests, including Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera Thripidae) known as a major pest of Welsh onion. In fields during summer, G. liturivorus is observed on soybean, but not on Welsh onion, even when numerous T. tabaci are present. To elucidate G. liturivorus's occurrence on soybean and Welsh onion in relation to relative humidity (RH), we examined its egg hatching on their seedlings under low RH conditions. Then we estimated the moisture transpiration from both plants. Egg hatching occurred only on soybean plants exhibiting greater moisture transpiration. Aiming at utilizing G. liturivorus as a biological control agent for Welsh onion production in summer, evaluation of its relative tolerance and compensation potential for drought injury is necessary. Therefore, we used five phytoseiid species including G. liturivorus and Neoseiulus californicus to estimate the RH and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) at which 50% of eggs hatch (RH50 and VPD50).
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