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Management of Neonatal Seizures: Comparability associated with Treatment Path ways Coming from Eleven Neonatal Extensive Care Devices.
OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a preoperative nomogram to predict pathological locally advanced disease (pLAD) of clinically localized upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) treated with extirpative surgery. METHODS In total, 1101 patients with cN0M0 UTUC (development cohort, n = 604; validation cohort, n = 497) from 2 independent academic databases were retrospectively analyzed. pLAD was defined as pT3/4 and/or pN+. Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a nomogram. The accuracy of the nomogram was evaluated with a receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS The development and validation cohorts comprised 204 (33.8%) and 178 (35.8%) patients with pLAD, respectively. Leurocristine concentration The multivariate analyses showed that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (hazard ratio [HR], 2.27; P less then .001), chronic kidney disease (HR, 1.56; P = .032), tumor location (HR, 1.60; P = .029), hydronephrosis (HR, 2.71; P less then .001), and local invasion on imaging (HR, 8.59; P less then .001) were independent predictive factors. After bootstrapping, a well-calibrated nomogram achieved discriminative accuracy of 0.77 in the development cohort. The decision curve analysis demonstrated improved risk prediction against threshold probabilities (≥8%) of pLAD. These results were consistent in the validation cohort. CONCLUSION Our novel nomogram allows for more highly accurate prediction of pLAD of UTUC. This nomogram integrates standard imaging and laboratory factors that help to identify patients who will benefit from preoperative chemotherapy, extended lymph node dissection, or both. © 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.AIMS The aims of the study are to assess the levels of coronary sinus (CS) miRNAs of systolic heart failure (HF) patients in samples obtained during cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implantation and compare them to the peripheral systemic venous miRNA expression. METHODS AND RESULTS The cardiac specific miRNA levels were assessed in 60 patients, 39 HF patients with reduced ejection fraction and 21 control patients. The levels of four cardiac specified miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-92b-3p, miR-125b-5p, and miR-133a-3p) were compared between the peripheral samples of HF and controls and between peripheral venous in CS in the HF groups. Compared with controls, HF patients had higher peripheral serum venous levels of miR-125b-5p and miR-133-3p. In the HF group, the levels of expression were higher for miR-125b-5p and lower for miR-92, and miR-21-5p in the CS, compared with the peripheral venous circulation. CONCLUSIONS The differences in miRNA expressions in CS compared with those in the periphery suggest that changes that may occur at the levels of the myocardial tissue in HF may be more relevant to our understanding of the biological linkage between miRNA expression and HF, than the traditional analysis of systemic serum miRNA expression. © 2020 The Authors. link2 ESC Heart Failure published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.Early mitotic inhibitor 2 (EMI2, gene symbol FBXO43), an APC/C inhibitor regulated by Plx1, is essential for cytostatic factor (CSF) activity. It belongs to subclass FBXO of the F-box proteins family. The aim of this study is to examine the clinicopathological significance of EMI2 in breast cancer. In this study, immunohistochemistry analysis was used to evaluate EMI2 expression in breast cancer tissues and then the association between EMI2 expression and clinicopathological factors was examined. Correlation of EMI2 with patient survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Among 192 patients analyzed, 105 (54.7%) had high expression of EMI2, and this was significantly associated with shortened disease free survival and overall survival in breast cancer patients. EMI2 expression was significantly associated with tumor grade (P = .006), tumor size (P less then  .001), and lymph node metastasis (P = .008). However, there was no significant correlation between EMI2 status and other biomarkers including ER, PR and Her2 status. Our results revealed that elevated EMI2 expression is a risk factor (hazard ratio = 3.93) for breast cancer and overexpression of EMI2 in breast cancer predicts higher risk of metastasis and worse survival. Therefore, EMI2 may be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. © 2020 The Authors. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia on behalf of Kaohsiung Medical University.INTRODUCTION Arthritis is a common diagnosis for people presenting to healthcare reporting joint pain and stiffness. It is estimated that around 10 million people in the United Kingdom are thought to have arthritis. National Guidance states that patients with osteoarthritis should be offered three core treatments information, exercise and weight loss advice. The Osteoarthritis Self-management and Independent-living Support (OASIS) group is a programme of progressive exercise and educational advice. METHODS This service evaluation was to determine if the OASIS group was improving functional and reported pain-level outcomes of patients with lower limb osteoarthritis between 2016 and 2018. Routinely collected data were analysed to determine its effects on a number of functional and self-reported outcomes. Ethical approval was not required following local National Health Service (NHS) Trust approval (Reference e2020-08). RESULTS During the 3-year period of the review between 2016 and 2018, a total of 339 patients were invited to attend the OASIS group. A total of 196 (57.8%) patients improved their overall pain score. Of the patients who attended all six sessions, 96.7% (174) improved in at least one of the functional outcome measures, and 90% (162) improved in at least two functional outcomes. CONCLUSION On evaluation of the OASIS group, it has shown to be effective at improving pain and functional performance of patients with lower limb osteoarthritis, whilst remaining cost-effective. In comparison with other similar initiatives, the results are comparable, and it is implemented over a shorter time period, enhancing the cost-effectiveness for the NHS. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Nickel-molybdenum (Ni-Mo) alloys are well-studied as highly effective electro-catalysts for water splitting. Understanding deactivation pathways is key to improve their performance. Here, we have performed in situ characterization using UV-Vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) on the morphology and Mo leaching of a Ni-Mo electrocatalyst with the goal of understanding the stability and related Mo leaching mechanism. It was found that switching the potential towards higher overpotentials results in a non-linear change in Mo leaching. Multiple processes are proposed to take place, such as the lowering of the extent of Mo oxidation at the cathode induced by stronger reducing potentials, while simultaneously the increase of local pH at the cathode due to the H2 evolution reaction pushes towards more Mo leaching. It was found that the change in capacitance for these materials depends strongly on the change of surface composition and not only on the surface area. In situ UV-Vis shows that Mo leaching is a continuous process over the course of 4 h of operation. The material was also deposited on different substrates and the effect on Ni-Mo stability was studied. It was found that the substrate has a significant influence on the stability and activity of the cathodes. In terms of stability in 1 M KOH, Ni-Mo was found to be best deposited on stainless steel operated at low overpotentials showing nearly no change in capacitance and experiencing minimal Mo leaching. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Chemokines and chemokine receptors not only participate in the development of tissue differentiation, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and immune regulation but also play an important role in the process of tumor development. The role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in tumors has been emphasized in recent years. More and more studies have shown that chemokines and chemokine receptors are closely related to the occurrence, angiogenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and immunity of breast cancer. Here, we review recent progression on the roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in breast cancer, and discuss the possible mechanism in breast cancer that might facilitate the development of new therapies by targeting chemokines as well as chemokine receptors. Chemokines and chemokine receptors play an important role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. In-depth study of chemokines and chemokine receptors can provide intervention targets for breast cancer biotherapy. The regulation of chemokines and chemokine receptors may become a new strategy for breast cancer therapy. © 2020 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Phenol-based macrocyclic arenes have been widely used in supramolecular chemistry, significantly enriching the toolbox of the field. link3 In contrast, naphthol-based macrocyclic arenes are rather underdeveloped. Very recently, Gaeta and co-workers successfully synthesized such macrocycles (referred to as prism[n]arenes) with good guest-binding ability by reacting 2,6-dimethoxynaphthalene with paraformaldehyde under optimized conditions. In view of the simple synthesis and good host-guest chemistry, we anticipate that this macrocycle will find similar success and wide applications as the phenol-based macrocyclic arenes. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Mitochondrial function is critical in energy metabolism. To fully capture how the mitochondrial function changes in metabolic disorders, we investigated mitochondrial function in liver and muscle of animal models mimicking different types and stages of diabetes. Type 1 diabetic mice were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The db/db mice were used as type 2 diabetic model. High-fat diet-induced obese mice represented pre-diabetic stage of type 2 diabetes. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of isolated mitochondria was measured with Clark-type oxygen electrode. Both in early and late stages of type 1 diabetes, liver mitochondrial OXPHOS increased markedly with complex IV-dependent OXPHOS being the most prominent. However, ATP, ADP and AMP contents in the tissue did not change. In pre-diabetes and early stage of type 2 diabetes, liver mitochondrial complex I and II-dependent OXPHOS increased greatly then declined to almost normal at late stage of type 2 diabetes, among which alteration of complex I-dependent OXPHOS was the most significant. In contrast, muscle mitochondrial OXPHOS in HFD, early-stage type 1 and 2 diabetic mice, did not change. In vitro, among inhibitors to each complex, only complex I inhibitor rotenone decreased glucose output in primary hepatocytes without cytotoxicity both in the absence and presence of oleic acid (OA). Rotenone affected cellular energy state and had no effects on cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Taken together, the mitochondrial OXPHOS of liver but not muscle increased in obesity and diabetes, and only complex I inhibition may ameliorate hyperglycaemia via lowering hepatic glucose production. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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