Notes

Affect regarding antimicrobial solutions from the purification and adhesion regarding glass-fiber posts underlying waterways.
The potential for unintended and adverse radiation exposure in radiotherapy is real and should be studied because radiotherapy is a highly complex, multistep process which requires input from numerous individuals from different areas and steps of the radiotherapy workflow. The 'Incident' (I) is a consequence of which are not negligible from the point of view of protection or safety. A 'near miss' (NM) is defined as an event which is highly likely to happen but did not occur. The purpose of this work is to show that through a systematic reporting and analysis of these adverse events, their occurrence can be reduced.

Staff were trained to report every type of unintended and adverse radiation exposure and to provide a full description of it.

By 2018, 110 worksheets had been collected, with an average of 6.1 adverse events per year (with 780 patients treated per year, meaning an average incident rate of 0.78%). In 2001-2009, 37 events were registered (13 I and 24 NM) the majority of them in the decision phase (12/37), while in 2010-2013, 42 (1 I and 41 NM) in both the dose-calculation and transfer phase (19/42). In 2014-2018, 31 events (1 I and 30 NM) were equally distributed across the phases of the radiotherapy process. In 9/15 cases of I the procedure were corrected.

The complexity of the radiotherapy workflow is prone to errors, and this must be taken into account. Incident reporting is a very useful technique for reducing the errors through the timely modification of the involved procedures.
The complexity of the radiotherapy workflow is prone to errors, and this must be taken into account. Incident reporting is a very useful technique for reducing the errors through the timely modification of the involved procedures.Objective.Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is an essential paradigm of electroencephalogram based brain-computer interface (BCI). Previous studies in the BCI research field mostly focused on enhancing classification accuracy and reducing stimuli duration. This study, however, concentrated on increasing the number of available targets in the BCI systems without calibration.Approach. Motivated by the idea of multiple frequency sequential coding, we developed a calibration-free SSVEP-BCI system implementing 160 targets by four continuous sinusoidal stimuli that lasted four seconds in total. Taking advantage of the benchmark dataset of SSVEP-BCI, this study optimized an arrangement of stimuli sequences, maximizing the response distance between different stimuli. We proposed an effective classification algorithm based on filter bank canonical correlation analysis. To evaluate the performance of this system, we conducted offline and online experiments using cue-guided selection tasks. Eight subjects par.org/JNE/18/046094/mmedia.The electrochemical reduction of CO2into value-added fuels and chemicals using single atom (SACs) or dual-atom catalysts (DACs) has been extensively studied, but the reaction mechanism and design rules are still unclear. Here, we studied the role of dual-metal atoms on graphite carbon nitride (M1M2@g-CN, M1M2 = CuCu, FeFe, RuRu, RuCu, RuFe, CuFe) for selective and efficient CO2electrochemical reduction based on density functional theory. Our results show that CO2RR on RuRu@g-CN catalyst prefers the *COOH pathway, while for CuCu@g-CN, FeFe@g-CN, RuCu@g-CN, RuFe@g-CN, CuFe@g-CN catalysts, the *OCHO pathway is more suitable. Among all the DACs combinations, we found that RuCu@g-CN and RuFe@g-CN are the most promising electrocatalysts for CO2RR with a lower limiting potential, which is attributed to the synergistic effect of different O- and C-affinity of the heterocenters in DACs. The selectivity of RuCu@g-CN and RuFe@g-CN to the production of CH4is better than that of H2evolution. In addition, we also found that the adsorption free energy of intermediate on heteroatomic DACs can be predicted by those on homoatomic DACs, which can be used to further predict the limiting potential.Scoliosis is a common medical condition, which occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty. Untreated Scoliosis may cause long-term sequelae. Therefore, accurate automated quantitative estimation of spinal curvature is an important task for the clinical evaluation and treatment planning of Scoliosis. A couple of attempts have been made for automated Cobb angle estimation on single-view x-rays. It is very challenging to achieve a highly accurate automated estimation of Cobb angles because it is difficult to utilize x-rays efficiently. With the idea of developing methods for accurate automated spinal curvature estimation, AASCE2019 challenge provides spinal anterior-posterior x-ray images with manual labels for training and testing the participating methods. We review eight top-ranked methods from 12 teams. Experimental results show that overall the best performing method achieved a symmetric mean absolute percentage (SMAPE) of 21.71%. Limitations and possible future directions are also described in the paper. We hope the dataset in AASCE2019 and this paper could provide insights into quantitative measurement of the spine.
As part of a larger multi-site translational research project this study explored patient and staff experiences, perspectives and recommendations in relation to a mental health liaison nursing (MHLN) service implemented in the emergency department (ED) of two rural hospitals in New South Wales, Australia.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted across the two sites with a sample of ED patients (n=32), ED nurses (n=14), ED medical officers (n=11) and psychiatrists (n=3). Data were analysed thematically.

Patients highlighted the therapeutic benefits of the MHLNs, particularly being listened to and understood. Patients appreciated being seen promptly and having effective follow-up. Some negative experiences were encountered. Staff recognized that embedding the new model of care in the ED impacted positively on ED culture and practice. A nurse practitioner position as clinical lead instituted at one site made the most substantial contribution to integrating mental health care within the ED. Room for improvement was also noted.

Findings from this study indicate that an ED-based model of MHLN care developed in a metropolitan setting was successfully translated to two rural EDs. While translating a model of care from one context to another is not without its challenges, adherence to the key principles of this model of MHLN care was associated with the most positive outcome.
Findings from this study indicate that an ED-based model of MHLN care developed in a metropolitan setting was successfully translated to two rural EDs. While translating a model of care from one context to another is not without its challenges, adherence to the key principles of this model of MHLN care was associated with the most positive outcome.Tumor hypoxia is known to promote the acquisition of more aggressive phenotypes in human transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), including drug resistance. Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondria play a central role in the chemoresistance of TCC. However, the role of mitochondria in the hypoxia-induced drug resistance in TCC remains elusive. The present study investigated the function of mitochondria in the drug resistance using a TCC cell line under hypoxic conditions. In vitro hypoxia (0.1% O2, 48 h) was achieved by incubating TCC cells in air chamber. Mitochondrial events involving hypoxia-induced drug resistance were assessed. Hypoxia significantly reduced the cisplatin-induced apoptosis of TCC cells. Additionally, hypoxia substantially decreased the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by cisplatin treatment. Analogously, elimination of mitochondrial ROS significantly rescued cells from cisplatin-induced apoptosis. read more Hypoxia enhanced mitochondrial hyperpolarization, which was not related to ATP production or the reversal of ATP synthase activity. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) amplification efficiency data illustrated that hypoxia significantly prevented oxidative damage to the mitogenome. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy revealed that cisplatin-induced disruption of the mitochondrial ultrastructure was abated under hypoxic conditions. Notably, depletion of mtDNA by ethidium bromide abrogated hypoxia-induced resistance to cisplatin. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that TCC cells exposed to hypoxic conditions rendered mitochondria less sensitive to oxidative stress induced by cisplatin treatment, leading to enhanced drug resistance.
Few studies have measured the dimensions of intercondylar notch under direct arthroscopic visualization. The purpose of our study was to analyse the association between time from anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury to reconstruction and the morphological changes of intercondylar notch using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopy.

Data was collected for patients who received knee arthroscopic surgery during 2014-2015. According to the time from ACL injury to reconstruction, these patients were divided into five groupsACL non-injured group (NI), acute rupture group (AR, <3 months), chronic rupture group 1 (CR1, 3-12months), 2 (CR2, 1-5years) and 3 (CR3, >5 years). MRI measurements of femoral condylar width (FCW) and intercondylar width (ICW) were undertaken before surgery. The widths at the base, middle and top of the intercondylar notch (ICWb, ICWm, ICWt, respectively) and the intercondylar notch height (ICH) were measured during arthroscopy. Intercondylar notch width index (NWI) and notch shape index (NSI) were then calculated and analysed among groups.

A total of 272 patients were allocated to groups NI (n=89), AR (n=84), CR1 (n=51), CR2 (n=30) or CR3 (n=18). Statistical analysis showed significant differences in ICW, ICWb, ICH, NWI and NSI between groups NI and AR. Among the groups with ACL-injury, ICWb and ICWt and NWI in group CR3 were statistically smaller than the other three groups (P=0.004, 0.016, and 0.005, respectively).

The width of intercondylar notch had a negative correlation with time from ACL injury to reconstruction. Significant secondary notch stenosis was observed over 5years after ACL rupture.
The width of intercondylar notch had a negative correlation with time from ACL injury to reconstruction. Significant secondary notch stenosis was observed over 5 years after ACL rupture.
Altered movement biomechanics are a risk factor for ACL injury. While hip abductor weakness has been shown to negatively impact landing biomechanics, the role of this musculature and injury risk is not clear. The aim of this musculoskeletal simulation study was to determine the effect of hip abductor fatigue-induced weakness on ACL loading, force production of lower extremity muscles, and lower extremity biomechanics during single-leg landing.

Biomechanical data from ten healthy adults were collected before and after a fatigue protocol and used to derive subject-specific estimates of muscle forces and ACL loading using a 5-degree of freedom (DOF) model.

There were no significant differences in knee joint angles and ACL loading between pre and post-fatigue. However, there were significant differences, due to fatigue, in lateral trunk flexion angle, total excursion of trunk, muscle forces, and joint moments.

Altered landing mechanics, due to hip abductor fatigue-induced weakness, may be associated with increased risk of ACL injury during single-leg landings.
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